Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0497406 (overweight)
 26,365 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of clinical factors on variation in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with arterial essential hypertension. An open questionnaire study was performed among 1539 subjects (775 men and 764 women) aged from 18 to 88 years (mean age 51.7 +/- 14.6 years) with arterial hypertension diagnosed at least 3 months earlier. The patients had been treated (86.2%) or started treatment (17.4%) in municipal outpatient units and in the Antihypertensive Outpatient Center of the I Cardiac Department. The following data were analyzed: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body mass, target organ complications and number of hypotensive drugs. All patients completed a standardized Psychological General Well-Being questionnaire (PGWB) to evaluate the general quality of life and its six dimensions: anxiety, depressive mood, well-being, self-control, general health and vitality. Irrespective of the patients' gender the general quality of life was poorer in those patients in whom systolic blood pressure exceeded 140 mmHg. The highest general quality of life was observed in patients with diastolic blood pressure between 74 and 90 mmHg. In patients with BMI > 30 kg/m2 the HRQoL was significantly lower. In obese patients as compared with normal and overweight patients the following scales of the PGWB were significantly lower: general health and vitality, whereas the score of depressive mood was higher (p < 0.05). Furthermore obese patients had significantly higher SBP and DBP than slim subjects. Both in men and women with arterial hypertension there was a negative relationship between the quality of life and the presence of target organ complications and the number of drugs used. Among the patients treated with 4 and more hypotensive drugs the proportion of subjects with controlled blood pressure was lower as compared with those receiving 1, 2 or 3 drugs. Multiple regression analysis showed that the clinical factors independently affecting the general quality of life in patients with arterial hypertension were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, obesity, target organ complications and the number of hypotensive drugs used. These factors accounted for 37.1% of variance in the general quality of life.
 ...
PMID:[Quality of life in patients with essential arterial hypertension. Part II: The effect of clinical factors]. 1293 56

Evidence on the effect of salt intake on the interaction between angiotensinogen (AGT) T174M polymorphism and high blood pressure is sparse. We therefore conducted a large population-based cross-sectional study of 2,823 men and women aged 30-74 in a Japanese farming community to examine associations between AGT polymorphism and blood pressure levels stratified by age (30-64 and 65-74), body mass index (BMI; median), and salt intake (median) estimated by 24-h urine collection and dietary questionnaire. Our a priori hypothesis is that individuals, particularly younger and non-overweight individuals, with the 174M allele have elevated blood pressure levels in response to higher sodium intake, and thus the association between T174M polymorphism and blood pressure is more evident among individuals with higher sodium intake than those with lower sodium intake. There were no differences in systolic or diastolic blood pressure levels (SBP or DBP) between the TT and TM+MM genotype groups overall. However, the mean difference in DBP between the TM+MM and TT groups was +1.0 mmHg in subjects of younger age (p=0.06), +1.7 mmHg in non-overweight subjects (BMI<23.5 kg/m2, p=0.01), and +2.3 mmHg in younger and non-overweight subjects (p = 0.002). Furthermore, among younger and non-overweight subjects, blood pressure differences were larger for those with higher urinary sodium excretion (+3.1 mmHg, p = 0.03), those with a higher sodium/potassium excretion ratio (+4.1 mmHg, p=0.007), those with higher present sodium intake score (+3.0 mmHg, p=0.003), and those with higher past sodium intake score (+3.4 mmHg, p<0.001). In conclusion, AGT T174M polymorphism was associated with higher DBP levels in younger and non-overweight Japanese. This association was more evident among subjects with higher sodium intake.
 ...
PMID:High sodium intake strengthens the association between angiotensinogen T174M polymorphism and blood pressure levels among lean men and women: a community-based study. 1505 56

To examine the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blood pressure levels among Japanese men, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of 1,424 men aged 40-69 years in rural and urban communities. The 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was selected as the indicator of SDB, representing the number of desaturation events per hour of recording time in which blood oxygen fell by > or = 3% according to overnight pulse oximetry. To estimate the associations of 3% ODI levels with blood pressure levels and hypertension, multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses were performed. The 3% ODI level was positively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (SBP/DBP); a 5 event per hour increment of the 3% ODI level was associated with 0.8 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0-1.6) greater SBP and 0.7 mmHg (95% CI, 0.3-1.1) greater DBP after adjustment for age, body mass index, ethanol intake, smoking category and community. The multivariate odds ratio of hypertension for the low vs. high category of 3% ODI level was 1.63 (95% CI, 1.1-2.5). These associations were more evident among overweight than non-overweight individuals. The significant association of nocturnal oxygen desaturation with high blood pressure levels suggests that SDB plays a role in the development of hypertension among Japanese men.
 ...
PMID:Relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and blood pressure levels in community-based samples of Japanese men. 1530 84

Childhood obesity and its consequences have been the subject of intense interest in recent years. In this study we examined the influence of overweight on circadian variations of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in Chinese adolescents. First, 24-hr ABP monitoring was performed in 252 adolescents divided into two groups with equivalent sex, age, and body height (49 girls and 77 boys in each group): controls (normal weight) were aged 13.68 +/- 1.21 years, height 165.37 +/- 9.45 cm, body mass index (BMI) 18.82 +/- 2.3; overweights (BMI > or = 24) were aged 13.71 +/- 1.23 years, height 165.75 +/- 9.47 cm, BMI 27.70 +/- 3.1. ABP recordings were treated by ABP database system and analyzed by cosinor method and conventional statistics methods. The circadian variations of ABP in adolescent patterned as "dipper" and circadian rhythmicity of ABP variations were confirmed by cosinor analysis in most adolescents of both groups. Significant statistical differences were found for rhythm parameters: the MESOR (midline estimate statistic of rhythm), peak, trough (the maximum and minimum values derived from the composed curves, respectively), and amplitude values between control and overweight groups. Significant higher values also were seen in the overweight group for most of ABP parameters (p < .01), such as, BP means (SBP, DBP, MAP: mean arterial pressure, or PP: pulse pressure), BP variability, BP loads and rate-pressure product (HR x SBP). Our results have shown that overweight influenced significantly on ABP and parameters derived from ABP recordings in Chinese adolescents, which suggests an increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases in overweight adolescents.
 ...
PMID:Overweight influence on circadian variations of ambulatory blood pressure in Chinese adolescents. 1583 82

Hypertension is rapidly becoming a major public health burden in sub-Saharan/Africa but awareness, treatment, and control is lagging behind. We analysed cross-sectional data from Ghana (West-Africa) to examine factors associated with awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 29.4%. Of these, 34% were aware of their condition, 28% were receiving treatment, and 6.2% were controlled below SBP/DBP <140/90 mmHg. Multivariate analysis showed that old age was independently associated with higher hypertension awareness: 35-49-year-olds (odds ratio (OR) = 2.57, 95% (confidence interval) CI: 1.26-5.22), > or =50-year-olds (OR = 6.14, CI: 2.98-12.64) compared with 16-34-year-olds. Old age: > or =50-year-olds (OR: 6.25, 95% CI: 2.87-13.62), trading (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.17-5.17), and overweight (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.34) were independently associated with pharmacological treatment of hypertension. Trading (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.03-7.40) was independently associated with adequate blood pressure (BP) control but old age: > or =50-year-olds (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.60) was independently associated with inadequate BP control. The identified factors provide important information for improving BP control among this population. Given the high cost of hypertension medication relative to income, increasing awareness and simple preventive measures such as promotion of physical activity, normalising body weight and reduction of salt intake, present the best hope for reducing the impact of hypertension on morbidity and mortality.
 ...
PMID:Factors associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in Ghana, West Africa. 1612 Nov 99

Adolescence is a critical temporal window for the development of obesity in adult age. We studied this period for short-term monitoring of blood pressure in both genders. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were recorded in 937 adolescents, 474 boys and 463 girls aged 12 years, and again 2 years later in the same subjects. Boys with BP values > or = 95th percentile at both ages (no. = 8) showed at 12 years weight (kg 61.4) height (cm 159.5) and BMI (23.5), and also at 14 years (77.0, 172.4, 25.6) values consistently higher than boys with high BP values at either ages taken singularly (no. = 32 + 32) (mean 49.2, 154.4, 21.5, respectively, at 12 years, and 62.1, 167.0, 22.2 at 14 years). These 64 boys, had values higher than boys with BP always below the 95th percentile (no. = 402) (45.5, 151.4, 19.7 at 12 years, and 56.9, 164.6, 20.9 at 14 years). This was confirmed for weight and BMI in girls. Stepwise logistic regression revealed that weight at 12 years and high BP values at 12 years were predictive independent risk factors for hypertension at 14 years. Odds ratio indicated that increment of body weight unit (1 kg) at 12 years predicted an average increase of 4% of risk for high BP values at 14 years, while high BP values at 12 years was predictive for a 2.19 times risk for high BP values at 14 years. Body weight, BMI and BP at 12 years of age may give useful indications for the prevision (and possible prevention) of hypertension and overweight at 14 years of age.
 ...
PMID:Adolescence as possible critical temporal window for blood pressure short term monitoring in boys and girls. 1612 61

Hypertension is predictive of a wide variety of subsequent adverse events in elderly patients, at least up to the age of 80 years. Treatment can reduce these adverse outcomes, although the benefits in the very elderly remain somewhat unclear. In the very elderly, there appears to be a reduction in cardiovascular events, but this reduction is perhaps at the expense of an increase in overall mortality. Target BPs in the elderly remain controversial. Among patients who have not had previous stroke or significant cardiovascular or renal disease, the benefits of reducing the SBP below 159 mm Hg are well documented. There is some evidence to suggest, however, that if doing so increases the day-night difference in BP by more than 20% or is associated with a decline in DBP below 65 mm Hg, then the benefits of treatment may be attenuated or lost. In addition, there is some suggestion that reducing SBP consistently below 135 mm Hg may accelerate cognitive decline. There appears to be a role for sodium restriction in those who can comply without otherwise compromising nutrient intake. Likewise, exercise may be beneficial and have benefits beyond simply lowering BP. Weight loss in those who are overweight may also help in lowering the BP. For most patients, low-dose thiazides such as hydrochlorothiazide are likely to be the appropriate first-line therapy (even in patients who have diabetes) unless they exacerbate or precipitate urinary incontinence or gout or complicate concomitant drug therapy (eg, lithium treatment of bipolar disorder). In very elderly patients, the apparent beneficial effects on strokes, major cardiovascular events, and heart failure rates may justify treating despite lack of benefit on overall mortality.
 ...
PMID:Hypertension in the elderly. 1614 Jan 25

Despite a growing burden of obesity and hypertension in developing countries, there is limited information on the contribution of body mass index (BMI) to blood pressure (BP) in these populations. This study examines the association between BMI and BP in three populations across Africa and Asia. Data on BMI, BP and other background characteristics of study participants were generated using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS), at three demographic surveillance sites in Ethiopia, Vietnam and Indonesia. BMI and BP increased along the socioeconomic gradient across the three countries. Mean (s.d.) BMI in men varied between 19.41 (2.28) in Ethiopia to 21.17 (2.86) in Indonesia. A high prevalence of overweight/obesity was noted among Indonesian women (25%) and men (10%), whereas low BMI was widely prevalent in Ethiopia and Vietnam, ranging from 33 to 43%. Mean (s.d.) systolic BP (SBP) among men varied between 117.15 (15.35) in Ethiopia to 127.33 (17.80) in Indonesia. The prevalence of hypertension was highest among women (25%) and men (24%) in Indonesia. Mean BP levels increased with increasing BMI. The risk of hypertension was higher among population groups with overweight and obesity (BMI>/=25 kg/m(2)); odds ratio (95% confidence interval); 2.47 (1.42, 4.29) in Ethiopia, 2.67 (1.75, 4.08) in Vietnam and 7.64 (3.88, 15.0) in Indonesia. BMI was significantly and positively correlated with both SBP and DBP in all the three populations, correlation coefficient (r) ranging between 0.23 and 0.27, P<0.01. High BP exists in a background of undernutrition in populations at early stages of the epidemiologic transition.
 ...
PMID:Association between body mass index and blood pressure across three populations in Africa and Asia. 1706 86

In the setting of a six-month, open-label clinical trial, 141 consecutively enrolled, hypertensive, overweight patients were randomized to the oral ingestion of psyllium powder or guar gum 3.5 gr t.i.d., to be taken 20 min before the main two meals, or to standard diet. Both fibers improved significantly BMI, FPG, FPI, HOMA Index, HbA1c, LDL-C, and ApoB. Psyllium supplementation only exerted a significant improvement in plasma TG concentration, in SBP and DBP. In our study, six-month supplementation with psyllium fiber, but not with guar fiber nor standard diet, appears to significantly reduce both SBP and DBP in hypertensive overweight subjects.
 ...
PMID:Different effect of psyllium and guar dietary supplementation on blood pressure control in hypertensive overweight patients: a six-month, randomized clinical trial. 1772 55

A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 598 men and women to investigate age and sex variations in the prevelence of overweight, obesity and hypertension among adult (>18 years) residents of Dearah, Hooghly District, West Bengal. Height, weight and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure mesurements were made on each subject. Prevelence of overweight was significantly higher among women. There existed significant age-group differences among men in the frequency of overweight and obese individuals. The overall (both sexes combined) prevelence of hypertension was 25.9%. There was significant age-group difference in the prevelence of hypertension. There was a consistent trend in increasing rates of hypertension as well as mean BMI, SBP, DBP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) with increasing age.
 ...
PMID:Age variations in overweight men and women in rural areas of Hooghly District, West Bengal. 1823 47


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>