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Query: UMLS:C0497406 (overweight)
 26,365 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Computed tomographic examinations of parkinsonian patients revealed a high incidence of cerebral atrophy, in most cases a combination of cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement. The present study considered the relationship between cerebral atrophy and physical signs indicating or promoting arteriosclerosis such as overweight, electrocardiographic changes, hypertension, calcification of the internal carotid artery and aorta as well as elongation of the aorta. The study is based on 173 treated and untreated parkinsonian patients (89 men, 84 women) aged from 37--84 years (mean 64.6), on whom CT was performed about 5.4 years after the onset of the first symptoms of the illness. The results demonstrate an increase of pathological CT findings as well as of calcification in the carotid siphon with advanced age. No correlation was found between the other items and increasing age. Further analysis of the relationship between cerebral atrophy and signs of arteriosclerosis revealed only a statistically relevant correlation with calcification of the carotid siphon, especially with calcification of the media. Since pathological CT findings and calcification of the internal carotid artery are both related to advanced age, whereas all the other items which may be considered to be indications of arteriosclerosis do not have any clear relationship, it is concluded that the cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease is not caused by arteriosclerosis.
J Neurol 1977 Dec 01
PMID:Relationship between arteriosclerosis and cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease. 7 48

5143 findings of the placenta are arranged according to the ripeness of the placenta and the parturient's age and parity; the correlations between the age of the mother at her child's birth and the findings of the placenta, illustrated more exactly in the following, prove to be statistically significant in the chi2-test for primipara and multipara without exception: In the case of primiparae asynchronous maturations of the placenta are most frequently observed after the age of 34, whereas in the case of multipara an augmentation to this extent does not begin until the age of 40, slighter disturbances, however, are already stated after the age of 29, with the primiparae already after the age of 24. Complications such as premature delivery, precocious rupture of the membranes and increased mortality of newborns are possibly caused by precociously matured placentas which especially occur in the age classes of the old and the very young parturients. The diminished functional capacity of a retarded maturity of the placenta (often observed with retarded birth and overweight children) is connected with the frequent occuring of the following complications in the corresponding age groups: cephalopelvic disproportion, prolonged duration of labour, possibly caused by the latter, retarded birth, more frequent asphyxia of newborns and increased perinatal mortality. The described findings confirm the clinical experience, made up to now, and permit a prospective application for the pre-natal supervision of especially young or old pregnant women.
Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol 1977 Dec
PMID:[Asynchronous maturation of the placenta in dependence on the parity and the age of the parturient (author's transl)]. 34 51

The behaviour of plasma cortisol levels was studied in fifteen overweight subjects with comparison to normal subjects. In eight subjects the insulin hypoglycemic test was performed before and after medication with reserpine (4mg/24HR); the other seven subjects were tested with LVP before and after treatment with reserpine. In both cases, premedication with reserpine significantly reduce the cortisolemic response. This behaviour is similar to the response observed in normal subjects.
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1979 Dec 30
PMID:[Behavior of plasma cortisol during testing with insulin and with LVP in obese subjects compared to normal subjects after resperine administration]. 39 49

1477 employees of a large industrial firm in Munich (868 males and 609 females, aged 40-59) were examined for coronary heart diseases risk factors. Among males, hypercholesterolemia predominates with a distribution of over 40%. Every fifth male has high blood pressure or is a heavy cigarette smoker. The females under 50 years of age clearly show fewer risk factors, but toward 60 years they exceed the males in frequency of some factors. Among women, too, the top risk factor is cholesterol, followed by overweight and high blood pressure. On the average, about 8% of the men and women have a preclinical or manifest diabetes. About every fifth male examined and every seventh female can be considered as especially endangered by the presence of 3 or more risk factors.
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr 1977 Dec 09
PMID:[Coronary heart disease risk factors in white-collar and manual workers at a large Munich industrial firm (author's transl)]. 41 13

The feasibility and effectiveness of conducting a school-based multi-component behavioral weight reduction program was tested on 119 overweight junior high school students. Four schools in the metropolitan New York area were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control conditions. After participating in a school-wide health-profile screening, students in the experimental group were invited to participate in a ten-session weight reduction program that included behavior modification, nutrition education, and exercise management. Comparison of the experimental and control groups with respect to changes on weight and triceps skinfold measures indicated significant differences between the two groups. Although the long-term effectiveness of the weight reduction program cannot be determined, the present study clearly demonstrates the short-term effectiveness and feasibility of conducting such a program in a school setting.
J Pediatr 1979 Dec
PMID:Reducing adolescent obesity through a school health program. 50 87

Indirect calorimetric studies were performed during a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test in diabetic patients with varying degrees of endocrine pancreatic dysfunction and in a control group of normal subjects. In 3 obese diabetics the study was repeated after a 3 day protein sparing modiefied fast. In diabetic patients the results show alterations of oxidation and storage of carbohydrates, related to insulin secretion deficiency on the one hand, and to overweight on the other. Endocrine pancreatic insufficiency may account directly for alterations observed in individuals with decreased or absent insulin response to glucose load, wheras metabolic factors such as adipose mass, hepatic steatosis, and peripheral insulin resistance appear to be responsible for alterations in carbohydrate oxidation and storage in subjects with relative endocrine pancreatic insufficiency, particularly obese diabetics.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1979 Dec 01
PMID:[Changes in storage and oxydation of ingested glucose in obesity and diabetes mellitus]. 51 18

Red cell deformability, which allows cells of 7 mu diameter to flow through capillaries not larger than 3 mu, can be approached by the measure of blood filterability on nuclepore 5 mu filters. Filterability is reduced in arterial diseases. We have, in 72 patients, correlated red cell filterability, with the number of cardiovascular risk factors present high blood pressure, overweight, diabetes, hyperuricemia, hyperlipemia smoking). There is a statistical difference between groups with risk factors present as a whole and with O risk factor (p less than 0.01). The difference is highly significant between O and 4 risk factors (p less than 0.0005). Filterability decrease is also directly correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day (less than 0.05) and decrease is enhanced by smoking two cigarettes.
Nouv Presse Med 1979 Dec 24
PMID:[Red cell filterability, smoking and cardiovascular risk factors (author's transl)]. 53 Aug 22

The physical growth pattern of infants aged from one month to two years was studied in a lower middle class community in Jerusalem. Weight and length were measured at one month and at three, six, 12, and 24 months. In each age and sex group there were at least 200 children. At one month and 24 months the percentage of children below the 10th percentile for weight and also for length was higher than expected, although severely impaired linear growth was observed in only 0.5% of males and 1.3% of females at 24 months. The percentage of overweight infants was highest at three months (6.2% of males and 5.2% females). In the light of these findings, we discuss the feasibility of accurate monitoring of physical growth in maternal and child health clinics; the possibility of an association between maternal stature and the high percentage of children below the 10th percentile for length; and the association between food intake and growth pattern.
J Epidemiol Community Health 1979 Dec
PMID:Community diagnosis of physical growth of infants based on monitoring in a routine preventive service. 53 79

Experiments with the Max-Planck respirometer were made to determine the energy expenditure. 4 kinds of comparable tests were made under standard conditions and ad libitum individual: walking on solid, level ground with light clothing, in high lace boots (walking-speed 5 km/h), walking with 10 kg resp. 20 kg load on level, solid ground (running speed 10 km). The energy expenditure under standard conditions is much higher than in the working-elements ad libitum speed and distance. Many persons overestimate their personal energy expenditure which is a reason for a positive energy balance succeeded by overweight.
Z Ernahrungswiss 1979 Dec
PMID:[Differences in energy expenditure for selected activities under controlled and uncontrolled conditions]. 54 72

A number of recent studies have shown an association between breast-cancer risk and height, weight and dietary habits, especially fat consumption. In the present study, height and weight were determined for 179 consecutive, unselected, breast-cancer patients and age-matched controls selected from a computerized population register. Height and weight for these two groups were compared, including two different indices for overweight (Quetelet's index and Broca's index). Comparisons were repeated after subdivision into pre- and postmenopausal women. In all calculations, the mean values of patients and controls were very similar and without significant difference. It therefore seems improbable that increased height and weight or obesity constitute risk factors for breast cancer. Earlier studies may have shown differences as the result of selection mechanisms not present in this study.
Br J Cancer 1977 Dec
PMID:Influence of height, weight and obesity on risk of breast cancer in an unselected Swedish population. 59 77


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