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Query: UMLS:C0497406 (overweight)
 26,365 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article presents the findings of the 1998 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS), which collected data from almost 12,000 women aged 15-49 years. A little over three-fourths of these women were African, 10% were Colored, 8% were White, and 4% were Asian. Besides the standard DHS, the SADHS incorporated an innovative Adult Health Questionnaire for almost 14,000 people aged 15 years and above. Overall, findings suggest that fertility rates in South Africa have been declining and that the total fertility rate was 2.9 children per woman for the period 1995-98. Such a decline may be attributed in part to the relatively high level of use of modern contraceptive methods. In terms of knowledge of HIV/AIDS, it is indicated that knowledge is nearly universal and most women are rather well informed about both transmission and prevention. The survey also found an infant mortality rate of 45 deaths per 1000 live births, which means that about 1 in every 22 children born in South Africa dies before reaching the age of 1 year. Moreover, data collected on adult health noted that one-quarter of all adult men and more than half of all women are overweight or obese, most are not aware that they have hypertension and a percentage of them smoke.
DHS Dimens 2000
PMID:South Africa survey includes innovative adult health questionnaire. 1232 65

To determine possible predictors of FIM scores in patients with hip fracture at discharge a prospective cohort study of 117 patients with either DHS or hip arthroplasty admitted to a rehabilitation service was done. They were classified into four subgroups of underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal (18.5 < BMI < 24.9), overweight (25 < BMI < 29.9) and obese (30 < BMI < 35). Functional evaluations using FIM score as well as sitting, standing, walking days and length of stay for each patient were assessed by a highly skilled therapist at rehabilitation admission; discharge and a post discharge follow up. Recovery was significant in terms of motor subscale. No significant correlation was evident between hospitalization and discharge time with respect to cognitive subscale. The study showed only the age and FIM score at hospitalization to be the independent predictors of total FIM score at discharge. Elevated BMI has not adverse effect on FIM gains in patients with hip fractures. Simple surgery methods such as DHS revealed earlier recovery time than complicated procedures.
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PMID:Predictors of functional improvement among patients with hip fracture at a rehabilitation ward. 2018 Mar 29

Analyses of childhood overweight have mainly used mean regression. However, using quantile regression is more appropriate as it provides flexibility to analyse the determinants of overweight corresponding to quantiles of interest. The main objective of this study was to fit a Bayesian additive quantile regression model with structured spatial effects for childhood overweight in Malawi using the 2010 Malawi DHS data. Inference was fully Bayesian using R-INLA package. The significant determinants of childhood overweight ranged from socio-demographic factors such as type of residence to child and maternal factors such as child age and maternal BMI. We observed significant positive structured spatial effects on childhood overweight in some districts of Malawi. We recommended that the childhood malnutrition policy makers should consider timely interventions based on risk factors as identified in this paper including spatial targets of interventions.
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PMID:Spatial quantile regression using INLA with applications to childhood overweight in Malawi. 2604 33

The study assessed the trends of nutritional status of children under age five in Cambodia over four DHS surveys from 2000 to 2014 and the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic factors to its changes. Undernutrition was a public health problem in all surveys. Despite consistent improvement over the years, stunting still affected 32.5% of children in 2014. Wasting prevalence did not improve since 2005 and affected 9.6% of children under five in 2014. Low wealth and mother education; and rural residence contributed to undernutrition. In 2014; wealth status was the main socioeconomic factor associated with undernutrition and the nutritional status of children was strongly related to that of their mothers. Anemia prevalence was high and after a decrease between 2000 and 2005 remained at 45%. The prevalence of overweight was less than 10% and did not change over the years despite an increasing trend in the richest households of urban areas. Persistent inequalities in child undernutrition call for action, giving priority to the most vulnerable households to ensure availability and access to nutrient-rich foods for women and children through nutrition-sensitive and nutrition-specific programs. The recent increase of overweight in the richest populations must also be considered in Cambodian health policies.
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PMID:Persistent Inequalities in Child Undernutrition in Cambodia from 2000 until Today. 2770 21

The inability to have children affects couples worldwide and causes emotional and psychological distress in both men and women. Turkey is a country that lays particular emphasis on the issue of infertility, especially after experiencing a dramatic fertility decline over the last two decades. This study aimed to understand the changes in the prevalence of infertility in Turkey using three different approaches: the DHS Approach, the Constructed Approach and the Current Duration Approach. Furthermore, the factors contributing to elevated risks of infertility as derived from the Constructed Approach were investigated using four different logistic regression models. The data came from the 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2013 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted by the Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. The findings of the Constructed and Current Duration Approaches suggested that the prevalence of infertility decreased markedly from 1993 to 2013 in Turkey. This decline was the result of improvements in maternal health care services in Turkey, as well as an increase in the use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), from 1.9% in 2008 to 4.1% in 2013. The results of the final logistic regression model suggested that the risk of infertility was significantly higher among women aged between 35 and 49 (p<0.01), uneducated women (p<0.01), women whose age at first marriage was over 30 (p<0.01), women defined as overweight (p<0.05) and women whose age at menarche was less than 12 years (p<0.05). This is the first nationwide study to examine the prevalence of infertility and its socio-demographic risk factors in Turkey, a developing country; previous studies have established these risk factors mainly in developed countries.
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PMID:PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF INFERTILITY IN TURKEY: EVIDENCE FROM DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS, 1993-2013. 2864 83