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Query: UMLS:C0497406 (overweight)
 26,365 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients evaluated in an eating disorders clinic and found to meet DSM-III criteria for bulimia were classified as to the presence or absence of a family history of drug abuse in at least one first-degree relative. Patients with a positive family history of drug abuse (N = 102, 37.1%) did not differ significantly from patients without this history (N = 173, 62.9%) on the variables of age at evaluation and age of onset of eating disorder, or as to their pattern or severity of bulimic behaviors, including binge-eating, self-induced vomiting, and laxative abuse. However, the patients with a family history of drug abuse were more likely to have experienced drug abuse problems themselves, to have been treated for chemical dependency prior to being evaluated for their eating disorder and to have a history of having been overweight. Those in the positive family history group also reported more family disruption.
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PMID:Bulimia with and without a family history of drug abuse. 317 68

Bulimia is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and severe self-deprecation, often accompanied by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse. It is most often found among young women in their late teens to mid-30s. Estimates of the disorder's prevalence vary widely, depending on the diagnostic criteria used, but usually range from 5% to 20% of college age women. Binge eating typically begins in late adolescence, frequently after a period of dieting to lose weight. Self-induced vomiting usually follows the onset of binge eating by about a year. To date, theories of the disorder's etiology have included several biological models, a psychosocial model, and a biopsychosocial model. The biological models proposed have viewed bulimia as a form of biological depression, neurological disturbance, or metabolic disturbance. The psychosocial model suggests that society's pressure on young women for extreme thinness leads to excessive dietary restraint, deprivation, and, paradoxically, binge eating. The presence of anxiety or depression exacerbates the process. The biopsychosocial model appears to be the most promising. It proposes that young women with biological predispositions toward overweight, depression, or metabolic disturbance are particularly vulnerable to social pressure for thinness, the binge eating that may result from excessive dieting, and, hence, bulimia. The complex nature of bulimia suggests that a multidisciplinary team approach treatment is appropriate.
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PMID:Bulimia: clinical characteristics, development, and etiology. 351 31

Following a television documentary on bulimia nervosa, people who thought that they had this type of eating problem were asked to complete a confidential questionnaire. 579 women who fulfilled self-report diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa were thereby identified. These women closely resembled patients with bulimia nervosa, although the age range was wider. They had grossly disturbed eating habits and almost half vomited at least daily. Laxative abuse was also common. Although almost two-thirds had been overweight in the past, the majority had a weight within the normal range. A minority had previously fulfilled diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. On standardized measures, these women had abnormal attitudes to their weight and shape, as well as significant levels of psychiatric symptomatology. Nearly three-quarters thought that they definitely needed professional help, yet only a third had ever been referred for psychiatric treatment. Using data from this sample and an independent sample of 499 probable bulimia nervosa cases, the significance of three issues relating to the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa were examined: laxative abuse, the frequency of self-induced vomiting, and a history of anorexia nervosa.
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PMID:Binge-eating, self-induced vomiting and laxative abuse: a community study. 658 99

Binge eating disorder (BED) was included in the DSM IV as a proposed diagnostic category for further study and as an example for an eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). BED is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating in the absence of regular compensatory behavior such as vomiting or laxative abuse. Related features include eating until uncomfortably full, eating when not physically hungry, eating alone and feelings of depression or guilt. BED is associated with increased psychopathology including depression and personality disorders. Although BED is not limited to obese individuals, it is most common in this group and those who seek help do so for treatment of overweight rather than for binge eating. In community samples, the prevalence of BED has been found to be 2-5%, in individuals who seek weight control treatment the prevalence is 30%. BED is more equal in gender ratio than bulimia nervosa. Eating disorder treatments such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) improve binge eating with abstinence rates of about 50%. Antidepressants are also effective in reducing binge eating, though less so than psychotherapy. Standard weight loss treatments including bariatric surgery do not seem to exacerbate binge eating problems. Thus, both eating disorder and obesity treatments seem to be beneficial in BED. However, it is recommended today that treatment should first be directed at the disordered eating and associated psychopathology.
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PMID:Binge eating disorder and obesity. 1146 89