Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0494475 (tonic-clonic seizure)
 1,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A group of 50 patients (26 men and 24 women, mean age 50 +/- 19 years and range 21 to 67) on chronic hemodialysis (HD) and with basal levels of hemoglobin (Hb) less than or equal to 8 g/dl was treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEpo) during 3 months. r-HuEpo was started at 50 U/kg I.V. 3 times a week, immediately after each session of HD, for 4 weeks, and this dose was increased in steps of 25 U/kg until a Hb level of 12 g/dl or a maximum dose of 100 U/kg were reached. Complete blood counts and biochemical profile were performed before the first dose of r-HuEpo and once weekly and monthly respectively during the period of treatment. In 8 patients the red-cell life span was studied with cromium 51 labelled erythrocytes just before and after treatment. One patient had a grand mal seizure and the r-HuEpo was discontinued. In 44 patients the mean hematocrit increased from 21.8% to 32.1% and in the other 5 there were no response because of iron deficiency. There were no changes in leucocytes and platelets counts and consistent decreases in iron and ferritin serum concentrations were observed despite oral supplementation of iron. In the 8 patients studied the shortened erythrocyte survival did not suffer any significant variation with r-HuEpo. Predialysis creatinine, urea and phosphorus blood levels increased significantly at 3th month of treatment but there was no increase in potassium. In 32.6% of previously normotensive and hypertensive patients an increase in blood pressure was founded. Thrombosis of arteriovenous fistulas and other severe clinical side effects were not observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney insufficiency in hemodialysis with erythropoietin]. 222 Apr 24

The behaviour of brain capillary endothelium to the passage of macromolecules in single and repeated seizures conditions and its relationship to the brain trace element concentrations are the main subject of this study. For this purpose, animals were treated with either single or repeated doses of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). As a marker of blood-brain barrier (B-BB) permeability changes, Evans Blue (EB) dye was used. Seizure activity was observed and seizure patterns and convulsion times were recorded. PTZ treatment induced generalised tonic-clonic seizure in all animals, but seizures were found to be lasting longer in single seizure group than repeated seizures group. Seizures induced by single dose PTZ treatment resulted in bilateral EB leakage in the preoptic area, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, and the superior colliculus. However, repeated PTZ-induced seizures led to EB leakage in the brains of only few number of rats, and it was confined to hypothalamus, caudate nucleus, cerebellum, thalamus, and pons. On the other hand, while the levels of copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) in brain tissue were found to be decreased significantly in the repeated seizures group when compared with the other groups, the levels of zinc (Zn) did not show any differences between groups. These results indicate that the regional B-BB opening markedly differs between single and repeated PTZ-induced seizures group and this difference may be due to PTZ tolerance and changes in cerebral endothelial structure.
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PMID:Changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability and in the brain tissue trace element concentrations after single and repeated pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. 1277 May 17