Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0494475 (tonic-clonic seizure)
 1,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Senegalese baboons (Papio papio), with a natural syndrome of photosensitive epilepsy, consistently show generalized myoclonic jerks if stimulated stroboscopically at hourly intervals, two to eight hours after the intravenous administration of allylglycine, 200 mg/kg. This provides a model for testing the acute antiepileptic effects of established or new drugs. The relationship between concentration of drug, antiepileptic action, and acute neurological toxic effects can be studied. Pnehobarbital (15 mg/kg) and diazepam (0;5 to 1.5 mg/kg) were highly effective in the absence of signs of toxic reaction (plasma levels: phenobarbital sodium, 0.7 to 1.7 mg/100 ml; diazepam, greater than 0.5 mug/ml). After administration of carbamazepine (30 to 40 mg/kg) and diphenylhydantoin sodium (40 to 50 mg/kg), antiepileptic action was seen, but was accompanied by severe toxic signs (nystagmus and ataxia). Sulthiame (20 to 125 mg/kg) and ethosuximide (50 to 100 mg/kg) had little antiepileptic activity and no acute toxic effects. This primate model may aid the identification of new drugs that are active against grand mal seizures and status epilepticus.
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PMID:A primate model for testing anticonvulsant drugs. 23 98

Benzonal was given to 52 epileptics. In 50 cases the duration of treatment ranged from 3 months to 7 years (mean 18 months) in doses of 100-500 mg daily, in 2 cases it had to be withdrawn after a short-term treatment because of intolerance. In all cases the drug was given together with other anticonvulsants: hydantoin, derivatives, mysodin, Tegretol, pheneturid or Ospolot in place of previously administered phenobarbital. It was found that benzonal reduced significantly the frequency of partial simple seizures (in 6 out of 20 cases) and grand mal seizures (in 24 out of 34 cases), while its action on the partial complex seizures was much weaker (improvement in only 7 out of 20 cases). The drug was usually well tolerated, side effects of greater intensity developed in 2 cases only, transient somnolence was observed in another 6 cases. In EEG records a slight favourable effect was exerted on pathological background activity with absent effect in focal changes and increase of seizure activity. The authors believe that in view of its favourable clinical action and good tolerance the drug may be widely used in properly selected cases of epilepsy.
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PMID:[Clinico-electroencephalographic observations in epileptic patients during long-term treatment with benzonal]. 81 1