Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476273 (respiratory distress)
 19,632 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Approximately 90% of mortality due to malaria is in African children, but criteria to guide the recognition and management of severe malaria have not been validated in them. Findings are presented from a prospective study of all children admitted to the pediatric ward of a Kenyan district hospital with a primary diagnosis of malaria. The authors calculated the frequency and mortality rate for each of the clinical and laboratory criteria in the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of severe malaria, and then used logistic-regression analysis to identify the variables with the greatest prognostic value. 1844 children of mean age 26.4 months were seen. Not included were 18 children who died on admission and 4 who died of other causes. The mortality rate was 3.5% and 84% of the deaths occurred within 24 hours of admission. Impaired consciousness carried a relative risk of 3.3; respiratory distress, 3.9; hypoglycemia, 3.3; and jaundice, 2.6. 54 of the 64 children who died had impaired consciousness, respiratory distress, or both. This bedside index thus identified 84.4% of the fatal cases compared to only 79.7% identified by current WHO criteria. The presence of impaired consciousness or respiratory distress can therefore identify which African children with malaria are at high risk of dying.
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PMID:Indicators of life-threatening malaria in African children. 772 3

Methamphetamine, heroin, and cannabis are three of the most commonly misused drugs in Asia. In Taiwan, cases of misuse of methamphetamine have been increasing. In this paper, we report the case of a 23-year-old woman who had a 10-year history of smoking methamphetamine and intermittent use of heroin for 3 to 4 years. She developed pulmonary toxic effects associated with misuse of heroin and methamphetamine. She was brought to the emergency room because of consciousness disturbance and acute respiratory failure. Her symptoms of rapid progression of refractory hypoxemia, ill-defined densities over both lung fields, and normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure were consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Rapid resolution of infiltrations and improvement of oxygenation were observed after mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure support and oxygen therapy. She was discharged on the fifteenth hospital day without any sequela except for mild exertional dyspnea.
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PMID:Acute respiratory distress syndrome in a woman with heroin and methamphetamine misuse. 1167 7

We experienced a case of hypoxic brain damage induced by severe asthma who was successfully treated by hypothermia. A 20-year-old woman with a history of bronchial asthma suffered from severe respiratory distress and she stopped breathing for about 20 minutes. She was admitted to our hospital with respiratory arrest, deep coma, mydriasis and weak motor response to pain. She was intubated and mechanically ventilated with 100% oxygen. She was cooled down to 33 degrees C within 4 hours of her arrival. Her body temperature was maintained at about 33 degrees C for 2 days, and then gradually rewarmed. During hypothermia, PaCO2 was quite high(80-100 mmHg), but the intracranial pressure was kept low. After hypothermia therapy, she became free from consciousness disturbance and there were no neurological disorders except for mild myoclonus. Hypothermia has a possibility of effective therapy for patients with hypoxic brain damage after respiratory distress.
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PMID:[A case of hypoxic brain damage induced by severe asthma successfully treated by hypothermia therapy]. 1272 5

A 88 year old female with active rheumatoid arthritis treated by low dose of prednisolone and methotrexate was admitted to our hospital because of severe bilateral pulmonary infiltration and acute respiratory distress syndrome. On admission, she had consciousness disturbance and was intubated because of severe respiratory failure. We heard from her family of her habit she had taking a private whirlpool bath 2 or 3 times everyday. So, we suspected a Legionella pneumophila infection. We started intravenous erythromycin (EM) (1,500mg/day) and methylprednisolone pulse therapy (1,000mg x 3days) and full controlled mechanical ventilation supported with PEEP. Her respiratory failure was gradually improved and she was discharged on the 44 the hospital day. Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 6) was isolated in her sputum by B-CYE alpha culture. Legionella pneumophila (serogroup 6) was isolated in her private whirlpool bath too. Both samples revealed the same by genetic analysis with pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). This is the first adult case of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia infected from a private whirlpool bath confirmed by genetic analysis. We should always suspect Legionella pneumonia as one of the severe community-acquired pneumonia, because Legionella pneumophila were frequently detected among various water sources including the private whirlpool bath.
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PMID:[Legionella pneumonia which occurred in a private whirlpool bath user]. 1556 Mar 80

A 34-year-old woman with toxic coma developed inhalation pneumonia complicated by the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Marked parenchymal destruction and recurrent pneumothorax occurred despite protective ventilation. Altered consciousness persisted after sedative withdrawal, and the patient subsequently died. Computed tomography revealed multiple cerebral, renal and splenic infarcts. The only identified cause of systemic embolism was multiple gas embolisms. We discuss the physiopathological mechanisms, and the diagnostic and therapeutic management of such patients.
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PMID:[Gas embolism during protective ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome]. 1638 71

Encephalopathy and encephalitis are major and devastating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus-associated central nervous system complications. Hypoxic/metabolic changes produced by intense inflammatory response against the virus triggers cytokine storm and subsequently acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Hypoxic/metabolic changes result in encephalopathy. The presence of comorbidities predisposes to hypoxic/metabolic changes responsible for encephalopathy. Altered consciousness, ranging from mild confusion, delirium, to deep coma, is hallmark clinical features. Cortical and subcortical T2/FLAIR signal changes are common neuroimaging abnormalities. In a few isolated case reports of SARS-CoV-2 encephalitis, the virus has been demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid. The presence of anosmia and ageusia can help in differentiation from other encephalopathies. We analyzed published reports on coronavirus disease 2019-associated encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is common in older patients, the majority are more than 50 years of age. The patients having encephalopathy/encephalitis are either severely or critically ill. Many patients were already on mechanical ventilation. Lung abnormalities are noted in almost all of the patients, presenting with encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is always preceded by commoner clinical features, like, fever, cough, dyspnoea, and headache. In majority, patients are already in the intensive care unit, when encephalopathy develops.
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PMID:Encephalopathy in patients with COVID-19: A review. 3255 56