Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476273 (respiratory distress)
 19,632 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

PAH clearance was carried out in 12 newborns, hospitalized in the infantile resuscitation unit for respiratory distress. 6 of these children weighed less than 2.5 kg, 4 had hyaline membrane disease, 6 had either amniotic abnormalities or transitory tachypnea, 2 were surgical patients: one right diaphragmatic hernia, one post-operative respiratory complication after intervention for neonatal occlusion. In 9 cases the newborn was under controled artificial ventilation associated with PEEP at 5 to 7 cm of water. In all of the cases, the hemodynamic, metabolic and blood gas conditions were normal. A control series of 11 newnorn was carried out in a pediatric unit, the clearance was done without urine samples, the rough value of the figures found varied from 5.5 ml per minute to 30 ml per minute in the respiratory distress series and 16 to 62 ml per minute in the control series. The analysis of these results in rendered difficult by the juxtaposition of several factors: Choice of a reference criterion: body surface area, PAH space, patient's weight theoretical weight of the kidneys. The factor of prematurity. The problem of the date of the investigation in comparison with the date of birth.
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PMID:[PAH clearance measurement without urine samples in the newborn infant with respiratory distress]. 0 69

A retrospective study of respiratory distress in a special-care baby unit revealed that transient tachypnoea of the newborn (T.T.N.B.) lasting more than 24 h was as common as the respiratory distress syndrome (R.D.S.). Delivery by caesarean section was associated with T.T.N.B. and the results of measurement of crying vital capacity in caesarean section and vaginally delivered babies indicate that babies delivered by caesarean section are at a considerable disadvantage during the first few days of life.
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PMID:Changing pattern of respiratory distress in newborn. 7 52

The rapid appearance of acute respiratory distress during the course of 25 hyperleukocytic leukemias was associated with the rapid increase of the leukocytosis. The regression of the tachypnea was spectacular when treating hyperleukocytosis by exchange transfusion and chemotherapy. Blood gas studies, although blurred to some extent by in vitro blast consumption of oxygen, showed a hypoxemia with a hypo-or normocapnia. The symptoms seem to be related to the leukostasis by the mechanical obstruction of the pulmonary capillaries. This leukostasis was shown to be responsible for a septal and alveolar oedema. The high frequency of this syndrome during the course of AGL and of acute phase of CGL seems to be linked to the low deformability of the myeloblasts. In CGL at its chronic phase, CLL or even in ALL, the absence of this syndrome could be explained by the greater deformability of the circulating cells. The hyperleukocytic AGL patients which do not have this syndrome are all characterized by a stable or slowly increasing leukocytosis. Thus, this syndrome seems to characterized by hyperleukocytic granulocytic leukemias with a rapid blood leukocyte doubling rate. Treatment in such cases is an emergency.
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PMID:Respiratory distress of hyperleukocytic granulocytic leukemias. 28 51

Visualization of the suprasternal fossa in the newborn is due to suprasternal retraction. It is seen in 59% of patients with respiratory distress syndrome of the premature prior to intubation, and in 5% of patients with conditions such as pneumonia, meconium aspiration, and transient tachypnea of the newborn. The lower compliance of the lungs in patients with respiratory distress syndrome and increased compliance of the chest wall in premature infants accounts for the higher incidence of accentuation of the fossa. Visualization of the suprasternal fossa can simulate the distended proximal pouch of esophageal atresia. The two can be differentiated in the lateral view where the pretracheal location of the fossa can be appreciated.
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PMID:The suprasternal fossa on chest radiographs in newborns. 41 88

Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy may be relatively mild or rapidly fatal. Diagnosis is based on the usual criteria for varicella in association with signs and symptoms of respiratory distress: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis, with characteristic x-ray findings. Treatment should be directed toward maintaining blood oxygen saturation at as near normal as possible (monitored by serial blood gas determinations). The occurrence of congenital varicella is unpredictable, but an infant born within four days of the mother's development of the varicella skin rash is at high risk, with the outcome being fatal in five percent of cases.
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PMID:Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy. 42 71

A prospective study was conducted of 100 consecutive admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, of infants with respiratory distress syndrome or transient tachypnea of the newborn. It was found that in 15% of cases the illness was completely preventable, being the result of unintentionally premature termination of pregnancy. Significant intrapartum asphyxia occurred in 44% of the infants in whom respiratory distress syndrome developed. Factors placing the pregnancy at high risk were present antenatally in most cases, and most of the deliveries took place in hospitals without adequate facilities or staff, or both, for the requirements of the infant at and following birth.
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PMID:Neonatal respiratory distress: potential for prevention. 44 1

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) was absent from lung effluent in 41 infants with respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn (RDS), whereas effluent from healthy control subjects of similar gestational age contained this phospholipid (4.9 +/- 2.4% of lipidphosphorus (P), n = 32). Control infants of 28 weeks of gestation or less with various respiratory disturbances other than RDS also had low PG (0.2 +/- 0.2% of lipid-P, n = 5). In RDS surfactant complex often could be isolated from the airways using differential and density gradient centrifugation. The material thus obtained had prominent phosphatidylinositol (PI) (13.6 +/- 2.8% of lipid-P, n = 6), but no PG. Of those 18 infants who had such surfactant even in the early stages of RDS, 13 were 35 weeks of gestation or more, 3 were offspring of diabetic mothers, and 2 had severe perinatal asphyxia. In healthy control subjects PG sometimes appeared first within an hour of birth, but in RDS PG did not appear until recovery from RDS. In RDS type II (transient tachypnea of the newborn) PG in lung effluent also was abnormally low (1.3 +/- 0.6% of lipid-P, n = 5) and PI was correspondingly prominent (9.7 +/- 3.6% of lipid-P, n = 5), indicating immaturity of surfactant similar to RDS. Surfactant with PG and PI has superior surface-active properties compared to that containing PI, but no PG. Surfactant without PG does not seem to stabilize the alveoli of the newborn as well as does surfactant with PG. The failure of PG appearance following birth therefore may precipitate RDS, especially beyond 35 weeks of gestation.
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PMID:Absence of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in respiratory distress syndrome in the newborn. Study of the minor surfactant phospholipids in newborns. 57 2

In a prospective study of 133 spontaneous premature deliveries the relation between premature rupture of the membranes (PRM) and development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborn infants is examined. PRM is associated with a significantly decreased incidence of RDS in newborn infants (P less than 0.002). This relation is valid at a gestational age of 28 weeks or more and a birthweight greater than 1000 g. Total respiratory morbidity in newborn infants (transient tachypnea + RDS) is also significantly decreased when labor is associated with PRM (P less than 0.005). Assessment of the influences of sex of the infant, fetal asphyxia, and delivery by cesarian section shows that PRM bears a stronger relation than each of these individual factors to a decreased incidence of RDS. Duration of the latent period has no influence on protection from RDS, and it is suggested that fetal lung maturity occurs before the membranes rupture.
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PMID:Fetal lung maturity. I. Mode of onset of premature labor. Influence of premature rupture of the membranes. 84 Apr 55

Serial measurements of crying vital capacity (CVC), expressed as ml/cm chest circumference, were made by reverse plethysmography during the first 2 weeks of life. Clinically normal babies born at term by elective caesarean section had a smaller mean CVC in the first 2 weeks of life compared with clinically normal term babies born vaginally. In contrast, no significant difference was shown between the mean CVC in term babies born vaginally and those born by urgent caesarean section. Clinically normal term babies born by caesarean section (elective and urgent) had a smaller mean percentage rise of CVC in the first 24 hours of life and a significant delayed rise of CVC from 24-48 hours compared with those born vaginally. Clinically normal preterm babies born vaginally had a smaller mean CVC in the first 2 weeks of life compared with term babies born vaginally, and were characterized by a significant rise of CVC from 5-10 days. Babies with hyaline membrane disease (HMD) had a smaller CVC in the first 2 weeks of life compared with clinically normal preterm babies. Babies of various gestational ages with transient tachypnoea (TT) had a smaller mean CVC in the first 2 weeks of life compared with clinically normal term babies, but a similar mean CVC in the first 72 hours of life compared with clinically normal preterm babies. At each postnatal age the mean CVC of babies with HMD was less than the corresponding mean in babies with TT. All babies with TT had a rise in CVC from 24-48 hours, whereas CVC fell in all babies with HMD except one during this period. CVC is a simple, safe, rapid, and noninvasive test of neonatal lung function, and is a valuable aid to other methods of assessing pulmonary function in the neonate with respiratory distress.
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PMID:Crying vital capacity. Measurement of neonatal lung function. 94 25

Twelve per cent of all infants with respiratory distress admitted to our neonatal intensive-care unit from November, 1973 to April, 1974, were born after elective intervention (15 cesarean sections and four vaginal inductions). All were white and 18/19 were private compared to yearly admissions of white (56 per cent) and private (57 per cent). Eighteen of 19 were admitted from the region via the transport service. Mean birth weight was 2.69 kilograms, with 18 infants over 2 kilograms. Pediatric gestational age from a physical and neurological evaluation ranged from 32 to 39 weeks (mean 36.2 weeks) in contrast to obstetric dating which ranged from 38 to 44 weeks (mean 39 weeks). The obstetric dating was 3 or more weeks greater than the pediatric age in 11 infants. Pulmonary disease included transient tachypnea (5) and respiratory distress syndrome (14). No prior documentation of pulmonary maturity had been obtained in any of these infants. Mean hospitalization was 23 days (range 1 to 140), with estimated costs of $3,421 per baby. Two infants died. Respiratory distress following elective delivery remains a potent source of on-going perinatal morbidity. Regional programs must direct increased educational efforts to eliminate this preventable disease.
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PMID:Neonatal respiratory distress following elective delivery. A preventable disease? 96 45


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