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Query: UMLS:C0476273 (respiratory distress)
 19,632 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Respiratory distress due to laryngeal obstruction produces a more or less dramatic syndrome depending on the cause of the obstruction and its evolution in time. Treatment should be immediate in order to avoid death or cerebral and cardiac sequelae. It consists, above all, of restoring the patency of the respiratory tract, the short-circuit obtained by intubation or tracheotomy should, in no case, leave any laryngeal sequelae. The authors present their personal series based on a study of respiratory distress due to laryngeal obstruction in the child. These observations were obtained from a large series of 480 cases of laryngeal dyspnea observed over the last 5 years on the E.N.T. unit of the Edouard Herriot Hospital in Lyons. They contrast a very small number of sub-glottic laryngitis cases requiring intubation or tracheotomy to a very large number of cases of subglottic laryngitis, even with respiratory distress, which recovered with well designed medical treatment. Foreign bodies, of which they report eleven cases, all required emergency surgery. They emphasize the severity of this cause. As far as papillomas and angiomas are concerned, they require emergency treatment, either straightaway or after a trial of medical treatment.
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PMID:[Treatment of respiratory distress caused by laryngeal obstruction]. 1 Aug 9

In this paper are considered the etiology, the clinical findings and the management of anaesthesia for a certain number of ENT emergencies, situations of respiratory distress which may lead rapidly to death, or be the cause of severe complications, e.g. -haemorrhage (epistaxis or tonsilar haemorrhage, haemorrhage from carcinoma..), -dyspnea of the adult, neonatal dyspnea and dyspnea of infants and children, -foreign bodies, burns and perforations of the esophagus.
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PMID:[Anesthesia and emergencies in otorhinolaryngology]. 1 Aug 20

Two adults were admitted to the University Hospital of Geneva with acute Haemophilus influenzae type b epiglottitis. The disease was characterized by rapid progression of sore throat, upper dysphagia, fever and dyspnea. Acute upper airway obstruction required emergency tracheotomy in both cases. The patients recovered under ampicillin therapy. All the 100 cases from the literature for which clinical data were available have been analyzed:--Epiglottitis in adult is not exceptional.--Haemophilus influenzae type b is the most common infective organism documented, and was found in all positive blood cultures but one.--The typical presentation is severe sore throat, with upper dysphagia, fever and dyspnea.--Clinical course is rapid and serious, and acute respiratory distress develops in 57% of cases; overall mortality is 27%.--Emergency routine tracheotomy appears to be the most reliable treatment.
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PMID:[Acute epiglottitides in the adult]. 30 60

Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy may be relatively mild or rapidly fatal. Diagnosis is based on the usual criteria for varicella in association with signs and symptoms of respiratory distress: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis, with characteristic x-ray findings. Treatment should be directed toward maintaining blood oxygen saturation at as near normal as possible (monitored by serial blood gas determinations). The occurrence of congenital varicella is unpredictable, but an infant born within four days of the mother's development of the varicella skin rash is at high risk, with the outcome being fatal in five percent of cases.
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PMID:Varicella pneumonia during pregnancy. 42 71

In 7 years snake bite was diagnosed in 80 dogs. Sporting breeds figured prominently. The average was 3.6 years. The commonest presenting signs were salivation, vomiting, dilated pupils, absence of the pupillary light reflex, depression and generalised muscle weakness, hindlimb ataxia and respiratory distress. Sixty-seven cases (84%) occurred in 6 warmer months on the year. Fifty-one dogs (64%) were seen either to be bitten or in contact with a snake. Tiger and Brown snakes were implicated on 32 and 3 occasions respectively. An overall recovery rate of 87% was obtained for patients receiving antivenene, fluid and support therapy. The period from treatment-to-full recovery was shorter for cases in which the bite-to-treatment period was one hour or less (24 hours) when compared with the recovery time for all cases (36 hours). The prognosis was poor for dogs presenting with the triad of complete flaccid paralysis, dyspnoea and a sub-normal temperature.
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PMID:Snake bite in dogs. 44 66

Death in the late stage of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is most frequently a consequence of respiratory failure. Since muscles of ventilation become weakened the bellows mechanism fails insidiously. Patients exhibit symptoms of ventilatory insufficiency, the first to be noticed are those associated with CO2 retention: dyspnea, nightmares, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure. Ten patients with late stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy have been supplied with mechanical aid for ventilatory assistance. The age of onset of respiratory distress needing mechanical assistance varied from 10 to 20 years. Meaningful survival after allegedly reaching the end stage has been from 2 to 7.5 years with an average of 3.4 years. With a caring family, these patients can have a meaningful life, even though they require continuous mechanical ventilatory aid.
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PMID:Mechanical ventilation of patients with late stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy: management in the home. 45 24

Four patients developed severe wheezing and dyspnea with clear chest films during the course of an influenza epidemic. A variety of factors appeared to play a role in the pathogenesis of the respiratory distress. Standard bronchodilator therapy produced no appreciable response. All patients did well with supportive care.
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PMID:Influenza, respiratory distress and clear chest films: report of four cases. 62 3

Four patients had acute dyspnea and chest pain due to primary neurologic disease, not to cardiac or pulmonary disorders. They suffered from severe, involuntary respiratory dyskinesias, which resulted in an irregular respiratory rate, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. These respiratory dyskinesias occurred as one aspect of more generalized choreiform movement disorders. Three patients had neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesias, and one had levodopa-induced dyskinesias. As a result of their ages and the nature of their complaints, some of these patients were originally thought to have cardiac and pulmonary disorders. Respiratory dyskinesias should be considered as a possible cause of respiratory distress in patients with extrapyramidal dysfunction.
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PMID:Respiratory dyskinesias: extrapyramidal dysfunction and dyspnea. 62 94

The patient was a 60-year-old white male who, for 18 months, had complained of a substernal wheeze on exertion, exertional dyspnoea and cough, and attacks of acute respiratory distress. There was no haemoptysis or dyshpagia and he was treated for bronchial asthma until bronchoscopy revealed the tumour which had not been recognized in plain chest films. He showed no evidence of a neurofibromatosis and apart from reduction in pulmonary function tests on a PO2 of 74, his laboratory tests were negative. There was no family history of neurofibromatosis. He underwent thoracotomy and a smooth rounded pedunculated tumour, 2.5 cm in diameter, arising from the posterior wall of the trachea, 3 cm above the carina was excised. He has had no tumour recurrence.
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PMID:Solitary neurofibroma of the trachea. 63 Jan 92

Report on an 18-year-old patient who developed a respiratory distress syndrome after trauma without bone fractures and with only minimal soft tissue contusion. Twelve hours after the accident fever and dyspnea appeared, accompanied later by hemoptysis, microhematuria, a fall in hemoglobin and in platelet count, petechiae on the skin and in the conjunctiva, cotton-wool lesions in the retina and micronodular shadows in the lungs. Various pathogenetic mechanisms other than bone marrow fat embolism are discussed in the light of this case.
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PMID:[Fat embolism syndrome without fractures]. 63 9


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