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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the abnormal expression of a glycoconjugate that appears in the process of neoplasia of endometrial cells and tried to shed light on the mechanism of their expression. Furthermore, we evaluated the effectiveness of its use in clinical application. 1. Investigation of abnormal expression of glycoconjugate We performed an immunohistochemical study on the expression of blood group-related carbohydrate antigens in endometrial cells, and found that carbohydrate side chains with galactose and fucose at their terminals were increased in association with neoplastic transformation. Using anti-endometrial cancer monoclonal antibody MSN-1, we showed that abnormal expression had already been induced in endometrial hyperplasia and increased as the lesions grew worse. A biochemical study of glycolipids showed that sulfatide (one of the sulfoglycolipids) was produced in endometrial cells, and that it varied in amount depending on the menstrual cycle, and was increased in endometrial cancer cells. Hydroxylation, which is recognized in cells in the fetal period, was seen in the ceramide region of these glycolipids. 2. Shedding light on the mechanism of the abnormal expression of glycoconjugate We examined normal and neoplastic endometrial cells for differences in the level of galactosyltransferase (GT) and fucosyltransferase (FT). Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody 8628 (an anti-GT antibody) gave the following results: GT gave a fine granular staining confined to the cytoplasma between the nucleus and glandular lumen in 70% of the cares of normal endometrium: In contrast, GT was found extensively in either a coarse granular state or spread diffusely throughout the cytoplasm in about 70% of the endometrial cancer specimens. We were also able to determine FT activity in normal and cancerous endometrial tissues by our newly developed method. The levels of alpha1-2FT, alpha 1-3FT and alpha 1-4FT were higher in endometrial cancer than in normal endometrium. Furthermore, we determined the activity of alpha 1-2FT and alpha 1-4FT in both endometrial cancer tissue and cell cultures derived from gynecological cancer, and examined the relationship between their activity levels and expression of the antigen recognized by MSN-1. There was a positive correlation between them. SNG-II cells were classified in terms of their reactivity to MSN-1 into two groups: 1) SNG-S, which was strongly reactive to MSN-1, and 2) SNG-W, which was weakly reactive to the antibody. FT activity was compared between these two cell groups. There was a marked difference in alpha 1-4FT activity between these two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Abnormal expression of glycoconjugate associated with the development of endometrial cancer: a basic study and its usefulness in clinical application]. 837 Oct 8

Several new trials, using tumor markers in the screening for gynecological malignancies, have been conducted. For assisting the cytological diagnosis of uterine endometrial cancers, the new EIA method using cytological specimens and the monoclonal antibody against endometrial cancer cells, MSN-1, was developed. This method could help to discriminate between cancer and normal cells, so this would result in decrease the numbers of suspicious cases on cytological diagnosis. For ovarian cancers, especially to identify high-risk groups, two carbohydrate-related antigens, CA602 and CA546, were employed. The combined use of these two markers showed a high potentiality to detect ovarian cancers. GAT (galactosyltransferase associated with tumor), an isoform of galactosyltransferase, could rescue the false-positive cases with endometriotic cysts. These new methods with tumor markers are supposed to be handy tools in the screening for gynecological malignancies.
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PMID:[Applications of tumor markers to the screening of endometrial and ovarian cancers]. 869 27

We have developed a new procedure for the selective determination of beta 1-3 and beta 1-4 galactosyltransferases with Lc3Cer as the substrate and the microsomes of fetal and adult porcine livers as the enzyme sources. This method was based on the detection of such products as Lc4Cer for beta 1-3 galactosyltransferase (beta 1-3GT) and nLc4Cer for beta 1-4 galactosyltransferase (beta 1-4GT), with monoclonal anti-Lc4Cer and anti-nLc4Cer antibodies, respectively. This method thus enabled us to differentiate the activity of beta 1-3GT from that of beta 1-4GT with a high degree of sensitivity. The method was then used to determine the activities of both enzymes in human gynecological carcinoma-derived cells. Four of the five cell lines derived from uterine endometrial cancer expressed significantly high levels of specific activity of beta 1-3GT among the cell lines examined, while their beta 1-4GT activities were less than 20% of that for beta 1-3GT in the endometrial carcinoma-derived cells. On the other hand, a higher specific activity of beta 1-4GT than that of beta 1-3GT was detected in the cell lines derived from uterine cervical and ovarian cancers. These findings were thus found to correlate closely with the rate of expression of Lc4Cer- and nLc4Cer-based carbohydrate chains in the cell lines based on the results of immunohistochemical staining.
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PMID:High expression of uridine diphosphate-galactose: Lc3Cer beta 1-3 galactosyltransferase in human uterine endometrial cancer-derived cells as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography-immunostaining. 931 Jan 40