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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effectiveness of estrogen therapy for alleviating severe depressions was investigated in a double blind study in which large doses of estrogen were administered to 15 premenopausal and 8 postmenopausal women and placebos were administered to 12 premenopausal and 5 postmenopausal women. The estrogens and placebos were administered over a three month period, and the women were blind rated each week by psychologists and psychiatrists using Hamilton rating scales for depression. There was a significant decline in the depression scores for the group treated with estrogens when compared to the placebo treated group. Considerable variation in the degree of improvement for the women in the estrogen treated group was observed. These variations were not related to age or to menstrual status but were significantly related to depression duration. Women with shorter histories of depression were more likely to show improvement than women with longer illness durations. Efforts were also made to understand the physiological mechanisms through which estrogen treatment contributed toward reducing depression. Previous studies revealed that decreased availability of norepinephrine at the central adrenegic receptor sites in the brain was related to the manifestation of depression while increased availability of norepinephrine at these sites was ralated to a manifestation of elation. Increased availability of norepinephrine has been shown to be related to an inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity (MAO), and estrogen, in turn, has been demonstrated to inhibit MAO activity. During the 3 month study period, 2 blood samples were obtained from the women every week and analyzed for MAO activity. All patients had elevated levels of plasma MAO activity prior to treatment. In estrogen treated patients, MAO levels declined significantly; MAO levels unexplicably increased for the placebo treated group. Reduced MAO activity was not, however, significantly correlated with lower depression ratings. In determining the risk/benefit ratio of estrogen therapy both the risk of developing endometrial cancer and the risks of life long disability and suicide stemming from severe depression should be considered. Tables show 1) mean depression ratings and average MAO activity levels before and after treatment for the estrogen and placebo treated groups and 2) degree of change in depression ratings before and after treatment for both groups of women.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979 May
PMID:Estrogen therapy for severe persistent depressions in women. 21 2

The relatively restricted use of hormone replacement therapy in the United Kingdom has frequently been noted. It is possible that low prescribing rates may, in part, be due to the difficulty in interpreting the wealth of research evidence relating to the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy. Conflicting conclusions from research can cause considerable uncertainty and confusion. This paper reviews the evidence relating to hormone replacement therapy and the risks of breast cancer, endometrial cancer and cardiovascular disease and discusses the issues which require critical assessment. This should add to the information base available to general practitioners and thus assist in decision-making in the context of uncertainty.
Br J Gen Pract 1992 Mar
PMID:Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer, endometrial cancer and cardiovascular disease: risks and benefits. 149 29

1. The specific bindings of estriol (E3) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) to their specific receptors were investigated in endometrial carcinoma from 7 patients and normal tissues from their respective organs or from other patients. 2. In both cytosolic and KCl-extracted fractions from them, specific binding sites for E3 and E2 were detected, demonstrating the presence of their separate receptors in human uterus-associated tissues. 3. In certain cases (6 cases) of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, the ratio of concentration of E3 receptor to that of E2 receptor was almost equal to or higher than in other normal tissues. 4. These findings of unique localization of E3 receptor distribution may offer new insight into identification of endometrial carcinoma more likely to respond to hormonal influence or therapy.
Gen Pharmacol 1991
PMID:Estriol binding in uterine corpus cancer and in normal uterine tissues. 186 22

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) prevents fractures and relieves vasomotor symptoms, but it increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Previous studies and national prescribing patterns show that physicians are conservative in their approach to this therapy. The authors interviewed physicians and perimenopausal women to assess their utilities for the various health outcomes of estrogen replacement therapy. On all outcomes, physicians rated illness episodes followed by recovery as being closer to perfect health than did perimenopausal women. Physicians, in judging which outcomes were most important to women, estimated relief of symptoms above fracture prevention, whereas women rated fracture prevention above symptom relief. These results emphasize the need to assess patients' utilities directly, particularly when utilities for the outcome of a particular therapy may influence the choice of a therapeutic regimen.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:Women's and physicians' utilities for health outcomes in estrogen replacement therapy. 358 72

A human endometrial cancer cell line, HEC-1, was found to be resistant to the antiviral and anticellular action of interferon. However, HEC-1 cells were susceptible to the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells, and interferon enhanced such NK activity. When HEC-1 cells were treated with interferon, sensitivity of HEC cells to the cytotoxicity of NK cells was not suppressed.
J Gen Virol 1981 Jan
PMID:Resistance to interferon of a human adenocarcinoma cell line, HEC-1, and its sensitivity to natural killer cell action. 616 62

1. The levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) expression and secretion and its messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in well-differentiated endometrial cancer (Ishikawa) cells were significantly increased by estradiol. 2. This increase was significantly inhibited by tamoxifen, progestins (progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA], and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone), and to some extent danazol, but not by terahydrocortisol and hydrocortisone. 3. Estrogen might stimulate the basic FGF secretion of endometrial cancer cells, at least for neovascularization, and antiestrogenic compounds may inhibit the estrogen-induced event.
Gen Pharmacol 1997 Feb
PMID:Antiestrogenic compounds inhibit estrogen-induced expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor and its mRNA in well-differentiated endometrial cancer cells. 959 98

Prognostic factors capable of detecting potential for aggressive disease in early stage endometrial cancer might be useful in selecting patients for early adjuvant therapy. Sixty-three patients with surgical Stage I endometrial carcinoma treated by hysterectomy with a mean follow-up of 55 months were evaluated for tumor type, grade, depth of myometrial invasion, presence of vascular invasion, DNA ploidy, and HER-2/neu overexpression by immunohistochemical techniques. These results were compared with HER-2/neu gene amplifications evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and their ability to predict disease survival. For FISH, sections 5 microns thick of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were processed using the Oncor Chromosome In Situ Hybridization System. Automated hybridization using the Ventana Gen was performed with the Oncor unique sequence digoxigenin-labeled HER-2/neu DNA probe. Gene copy numbers were evaluated using the Zeiss Axioskop50 fluorescence microscope. HER-2/neu amplification was noted in 24 (38%) of 63 cases. By multivariate analysis, only aneuploidy (P = .04) and HER-2/neu amplification by FISH (P = .04) independently correlated with survival. Although we saw a relationship between HER-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification, this trend did not achieve statistical significance. HER-2/neu oncogene amplification can be assessed using automated FISH on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. HER-2/ neu amplification predicts poor outcome in Stage I endometrial cancer. HER-2/neu amplification status has potential use in the identification of patients with high risk of disease recurrence who might benefit from intensified therapy.
 ...
PMID:Identification of HER-2/neu oncogene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization in stage I endometrial carcinoma. 926 26

Unexpected vaginal bleeding is a common problem in general medical practice and likely to increase as more women use hormone replacement therapies (HRT). This study looks at the successful introduction of a technique for endometrial sampling into general practice, allowing earlier diagnosis of endometrial cancer and reassurance for women without serious pathology.
Br J Gen Pract 1998 Sep
PMID:Endometrial sampling in general practice. 983 Jan 87

Combined oral contraceptives (OCs) have been implicated with an increased risk of a number of illnesses, particularly vascular conditions such as stroke, ischemic heart disease, venous thrombosis, and peripheral vascular disease. This study assessed the balance of risk of serious illness among a cohort of OC users followed for up to 28 years. Data from the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study were examined to determine the rate of such conditions during 335,181 woman-years of observation for ever-users and 228,727 woman-years for never-users. The rates were standardized for age, parity, social class, and smoking. Results of the study indicated that in comparison with never-users, ever-users had a small increased risk of any serious disease. Ever-users had an excess risk of cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary embolism, and venous thromboembolism, and reduced risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer. The increased risk was seen only in younger women; by the age of 50, ever-users had the same risk as never-users. The risk appeared to be confined to women using OCs containing 50 mcg or more of estrogen. In conclusion, past users of higher-dose OCs can be reassured that the small increased risk of serious disease seen during current use does not persist after stopping and that latent effects do not appear later in life. Currently available OCs containing less than 50 mcg of estrogen, accompanied by the progestogen, levonorgestrel, or norethisterone acetate, do not appear to be associated with an increased net risk of serious disease.
Br J Gen Pract 1998 Oct
PMID:The risk of serious illness among oral contraceptive users: evidence from the RCGP's oral contraceptive study. 1019 18

DNA methylation is a significant epigenetic modification which plays a key role in regulation of gene expression and influences functional changes in endometrial tissue. Aberrant DNA methylation changes result in deregulation of important apoptotic proteins during endometrial carcinogenesis and apoptosis resistance development. Evading apoptosis is still a major problem in the successful treatment of endometrial cancer patients. The aim of our study was to examine the promoter DNA methylation changes in 22 apoptosis-associated genes in endometrioid endometrial cancer patients, precancerous lesions and healthy tissue from various normal menstrual cycle phases using a unique pre-designed methylation platform. We observed as the first a significant difference in promoter DNA methylation status in genes: BCL2L11 (p < 0.001), CIDEB (p < 0.03) and GADD45A (p < 0.05) during endometrial carcinogenesis and BIK gene (p < 0.03) in different phases of normal menstrual cycle. The results of our study indicate that deregulation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway can considerably contributes to the apoptosis resistance development and may be helpful in identifying of new potent biomarkers in endometrial cancer.
Gen Physiol Biophys 2017 Dec
PMID:DNA methylation as mechanism of apoptotic resistance development in endometrial cancer patients. 2937 85


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