Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The structural-functional analysis of the uterine tube epithelium is proposed as an additional indirect index of the ovarian hormonal activity. Several standard types of the tubal epithelium are distinguished (proliferative, secretory, gravidal, non-functional, proliferative-hyperplastic) which are characteristic of certain level of various sex hormones in the woman organism. The control data obtained are used for the evaluation of the hormonal background in women with tubal pregnancy and endometrial carcinoma. The signs of ovarian dysfunction were observed in 55.2 and 43.3% of cases respectively and these symptoms were reflected in the pathogenesis and clinical picture of the diseases studied.
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PMID:[Importance of a structural and functional analysis of the fallopian epithelium in tubal pregnancy and endometrial adenocarcinoma]. 649 97

Serous uterine endometrial carcinomas are aggressive type II cancers with poor outcomes for which new treatment strategies are urgently needed, in particular, strategies that augment sensitivity to established chemotherapy regimens. The tumor suppressor gene TP53 is dysregulated in more than 90% of serous tumors, altering master regulators of the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint in unique and predictable ways and desensitizing cells to chemotherapy. We hypothesized that synthetic lethality can be achieved in endometrial cancer cells with mutant p53 by combining paclitaxel with agents to overcome G2/M arrest and induce mitotic catastrophe. The combination of BIBF1120, an investigational VEGFR, PDGFR, and FGFR multityrosine kinase inhibitor with established anti-angiogenic activity, with paclitaxel abrogated the G2/M checkpoint in p53-null endometrial cancer cells via modulation of G2/M checkpoint regulators followed by induction of mitotic cell death. In endometrial cancer cells harboring an oncogenic gain-of-function p53 mutation, synthetic lethality was created by combining paclitaxel with BIBF1120 and a histone deacetylase inhibitor, which serves to destabilize mutant p53. These cells were also sensitive to an inhibitor of the G2/M kinase Wee1 in combination with paclitaxel. These findings reveal that, in addition to antiangiogenic activity, the angiokinase inhibitor BIBF1120 can be used to restore sensitivity to paclitaxel and induce mitotic cell death in endometrial cancer cells with non-functional p53. These preclinical data serve as a critical platform for the creative design of future clinical trials utilizing molecularly enhanced chemotherapy to achieve synthetic lethality based on the mutational landscape.
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PMID:Strategies for Molecularly Enhanced Chemotherapy to Achieve Synthetic Lethality in Endometrial Tumors with Mutant p53. 2438 93

Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DDEC) is a rare but highly aggressive type of endometrial cancer, in which an undifferentiated carcinoma arises from a low-grade endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. The low-grade component is often eclipsed, likely due to an outgrowth of the undifferentiated component, and the tumor may appear as a pure undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (UEC). We and others have recently identified inactivating mutations of SMARCA4, SMARCB1 or ARID1B, subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, that are unique to the undifferentiated component and are present in a large portion of DDEC and UEC. However, the understanding of whether and how these mutations drive cancer progression and histologic dedifferentiation is hindered by lack of cell line models of DDEC or UEC. Here, we established the first UEC cell line, VOA1066, which is highly tumorigenic in vivo. This cell line has a stable genome with very few somatic mutations, which do include inactivating mutations of ARID1A and ARID1B (2 mutations each), and a heterozygous hotspot DICER1 mutation in its RNase IIIb domain. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the loss of ARID1B, but ARID1A staining was retained due to the presence of a truncating non-functional ARID1A protein. The heterozygous DICER1 hotspot mutation has little effect on microRNA biogenesis. No additional DICER1 hotspot mutations have been identified in a cohort of 33 primary tumors. Therefore, we have established the first UEC cell line with dual inactivation of both ARID1A and ARID1B as the main genomic feature. This cell line will be useful for studying the roles of ARID1A and ARID1B mutations in the development of UEC.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of VOA1066 cells: An undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma cell line. 3305 29