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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To understand the molecular mechanism of endometrial differentiation we have initiated an analysis of the uteroglobin promoter. Uteroglobin is normally expressed in endometrial tissues under the control of ovarian hormones. In gene transfer experiments with the Ishikawa cell line, derived from a human endometrial adenocarcinoma, we have identified several regions in the promoter of the uteroglobin gene that are responsible for its endometrium-specific expression. To evaluate the generality of these findings, we have begun cloning the promoter regions of potential endometrial markers, including the rat, mouse, and human uteroglobin gene. In the rat, expression of the uteroglobin-like gene, CC10, is dominant in the lung but is also observed in the endometrium of progesterone treated animals. A comparison of the 5'-flanking sequence of the rat and rabbit uteroglobin gene resulted in the detection of similarities and differences that could explain their differential expression in vivo. To substantiate these findings we have established several cell lines from rat endometrium using murine retroviral vectors containing a positive selection marker and various viral oncogenes, such as SV40 large T antigen, adenovirus E1A, and Ha-ras. Cell lines immortalized by SV40 T-antigen were subsequently transformed with the Ha-ras oncogene. Several cell lines exhibit properties of epithelial endometrial cells. Two cell lines generated with a temperature sensitive mutant of the SV40 large T-antigen grow as transformed cells at the permissive temperature, but differentiate upon shifting to the non-permissive temperature. These rat endometrial cell lines should be useful for the analysis of endometrium-specific gene expression and as model systems for endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Expression of the uteroglobin promoter in epithelial cell lines from endometrium. 206 10

A review is given of the comparative pathology of endometrial carcinomas regarding the incidence, the morphology, and the relation with endometrial hyperplasia. Compared to man, endometrial carcinomas in animals are fairly rare, except in rabbits, in cattle, and in a stock of Han: Wistar rats. In rabbits the endometrial carcinomas are mostly primary multiple and present in both horns. Histologically they are almost always adenocarcinomas. The histological structure can vary considerably with regard to the degree of differentiation. In cattle the endometrial carcinomas are mostly singular. Histologically they are mostly adenocarcinomas, often accompanied by formation of much dense fibrous tissue. In rats the endometrial carcinomas are mostly primary multiple adenocarcinomas. In man as well as in the rabbit and in the rat, relationships have been described between endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. It is striking that in the dog, a species in which endometrial hyperplasia very often occurs, endometrial carcinomas should be rare. The endometrial carcinoma in the rabbit as an animal model for human endometrial carcinoma is discussed extensively. In both species there are signs indicating relationships between endometrial carcinomas and sex hormones, especially oestrogens. The incidence in rabbits is very high. Endometrial carcinomas in rabbits can be transplanted subcutaneously in the same rabbit. They can also be cultured in vitro. Moreover the rabbit is a suitable species to study the progesterone/progesterone-receptor complex by determining the synthesis of the progesterone-induced protein uteroglobin which may be important in studying endometrial carcinomas. Uteroglobin is a good marker for a functional 'Progesterone-PR-DNA-mRNAug-Uteroglobin- System' (or PUG-System).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Comparative pathology of endometrial carcinoma. 638 39

In order to test the hypothesis that integrin and uteroglobin (UG) expression in cultured endometrial cells are affected by hormone treatment, Ishikawa-CH endometrial cancer cells were cultured and exposed to oestradiol or oestradiol and progesterone regimens and assayed using immunohistochemistry. We evaluated the intensity of immunohistochemical staining for the integrin monomers alpha(v) and beta1, the dimers alpha(v)beta3 and alpha(v)beta6, and for the secretory protein uteroglobin under various experimental conditions. Cells grown in control media stained positively for the integrin monomers alpha(v) and beta1, the dimer alpha(v)beta3, and for UG. Oestradiol and sequential oestradiol/progesterone reversibly suppressed staining for the dimer alpha(v)beta3. Hormone treatment had no effect on the staining of the beta1 and alpha(v) monomers or UG. The alpha(v)beta6 dimer antibody did not stain under any experimental treatment conditions. These data indicate that expression of the integrin complex alpha(v)beta3 is reversibly suppressed by oestradiol in Ishikawa cells and that these cells may be a good model for studying hormone-driven molecular changes in endometrium.
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PMID:Modulation of implantation-associated integrin expression but not uteroglobin by steroid hormones in an endometrial cell line. 926 33

Uteroglobin, first reported in 1968 as a steroid secreted in rabbit uterine fluid during early pregnancy, is a progesterone-regulated and progesterone-binding protein. There is evidence that indicates that uteroglobin is inversely correlated to neoplastic growth but its role to endometrial carcinogenesis is not known. Therefore we analyzed the expression of uteroglobin in 13 normal endometrium, 19 hyperplasia and 21 endometrial carcinoma samples and the relation to estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) and progesterone receptor (PR) by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. We also analyzed the expression of uteroglobin in 15 menopausal women who received hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The expression of uteroglobin was higher during the secretory phase than in the proliferative phase; however, it was detected in endometrial hyperplasia as weakly as in the proliferative phase and decreased according to the loss of differentiation in endometrial carcinoma. The results were basically in accord with those for PR; however, the expression of uteroglobin was weak, though PR was most detected in endometrial hyperplasia. In menopausal endometrium, the group treated with estrogen plus progesterone exhibited higher expression of uteroglobin than the group treated only with estrogen. The evidence suggests that uteroglobin expression is regulated by progesterone in the normal endometrium but that the regulation by PR is lost in endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma according to acquirement of tumorigenesis and that estrogen plus progesterone therapy reduces the risk for endometrial carcinoma by restoring uteroglobin.
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PMID:Expression of uteroglobin in normal and carcinogenic endometrium and influence of hormone replacement therapy. 1473 66

Mammaglobin B (MGB-2) is an uteroglobin gene family member recently found highly differentially expressed in ovarian cancer by gene expression profiling. To evaluate its potential as a novel endometrial cancer biomarker, in this study we quantified and compared MGB-2 expression at messenger RNA and protein levels in endometrial tumors (endometrioid endometrial cancer [EEC]) with different grades of differentiation. MGB-2 expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in fresh frozen biopsies and paraffin-embedded tissues derived from a total of 70 patients including 50 primary EEC and 20 normal endometria (NECs). High levels of MGB-2 gene expression were detected in 10 of 11 EEC G1 cases (91%), 16 of 17 EEC G2 cases (94%), and 6 of 22 EEC G3 cases (27%) by real-time PCR. In contrast, normal endometrial cells expressed low to negligible levels of MGB-2 by real-time PCR (P = 0.002 EEC vs NEC). Well- and moderately differentiated EECs overexpressed MGB-2 gene at significant higher levels when compared to NECs (P < 0.01). Pairwise differences between both G2 and G1 vs G3 cases for MGB-2 relative gene expression values were also statistically significant (G2 vs G3 P < 0.001, G1 vs G3 P = 0.016). MGB-2 protein expression was detected in 31 (86%) of 36 EEC and 0 of 5 atrophic NEC controls, while seven of eight (88%) of the proliferative/secretory/hyperplastic NECs focally expressed MGB-2 by IHC. MGB-2 is highly expressed in EEC, particularly in well- and moderately differentiated tumors, and may represent a novel molecular marker for EEC.
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PMID:Mammaglobin B expression in human endometrial cancer. 1802 Dec 17

Mammaglobin (MGB), a secretory protein belonging to the uteroglobin/Clara cell protein family, is a sensitive marker for breast carcinoma, but is also reported to be expressed in the female genital tract and its neoplasms. Details of MGB expression pattern and its pathologic significance in the female genital tract have not been systematically studied. To investigate the potential use of MGB in gynecologic pathology practice, we tested MGB expression by immunohistochemistry on 47 endocervical adenocarcinomas (whole tissue sections of 13 invasive and 35 in situ) and 55 endometrial carcinomas (39 endometrioid and 16 nonendometrioid represented on a single tissue microarray). Nonneoplastic endocervical and endometrial tissues were also evaluated for MGB expression. MGB expression was detected in thirty (77%) of 39 of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas compared with 4 (31%) of 13 endocervical adenocarcinomas. MGB was mostly negative in nonendometrioid endometrial carcinoma (negative in 14 [88%] of 16). Endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) showed either weak (predominantly) or moderate (occasionally) expression in about 40% of the cases in comparison with strong positivity in benign endocervical glandular epithelium. Reduction of MGB staining was seen in transition from benign epithelium to AIS. These results confirm that MGB is not specific for breast carcinoma, but is also variably expressed in nonneoplastic and neoplastic endocervical and endometrial tissues. Frequent MGB expression in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma is significantly different from nonendometrioid carcinoma. Hormone receptor status is not associated with MGB expression in endometrial carcinomas. Most endocervical adenocarcinomas are negative for MGB, in contrast to mostly positive endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas, however, MGB expression alone is not specific enough to distinguish these 2 tumor types. MGB expression is altered in neoplastic endocervical epithelium compared with normal, and may indicate its decreased expression in the process of early carcinogenesis. MGB may be a promising new adjunctive marker in gynecologic pathology.
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PMID:Mammaglobin expression in the female genital tract: immunohistochemical analysis in benign and neoplastic endocervix and endometrium. 1858 Mar 21