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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We made a prospective cytophotometric study of 48 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Thirty-two (66.7%) of the cases had diploid DNA content and the proportion of non-diploid tumors increased with the staging of tumors, lack of differentiation and depth of myometrial invasion. DNA content (AE), DNA malignancy grade (DNA-MG) and 5c exceeding rate were statistically significant in relation to the clinical course of the disease and the histological grade of differentiation. DNA parameters appear to be especially suitable for the objective assessment of malignancy.
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PMID:The relation between the results of cytophotometric examination of endometrial carcinoma and clinical course of these disease. 147 17

This review discusses recent papers on endometrial carcinoma variants, immunohistochemical studies, and prognostic indicators. The aggressive nature of uterine papillary serous carcinoma is confirmed, even in the absence of myometrial or vascular invasion, with a comprehensive review of the histology, clinical presentation, and proposed treatment protocols. The possible etiologic role of radiation in the development of uterine papillary serous carcinoma is alluded to. The virulence of endometrial carcinomas with trophoblastic differentiation, endometrial carcinomas with a malignant giant cell component, and clear cell carcinomas of the endometrium is documented. A series of immunohistochemical studies is presented suggesting that uterine carcinosarcomas are metaplastic carcinomas derived from a common stem cell and that a shared histogenesis of endometrial stromal tumors and uterine mesoderm exists. Immunohistochemical techniques may clarify diagnostic problems of uterine tumors and their metastases and differentiate mucinous tumors of endometrium from endocervical origin. Staining of both carcinoembryonic antigen and ferritin in neoplastic endometria may be helpful in their differentiation from hyperplasias in curettage specimens. Significant prognosticators in endometrial carcinoma are depth of myometrial invasion and lymphovascular space involvement with greatest prognostic information provided by the depth of myometrial invasion above DNA index.
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PMID:Malignant endometrial pathology. 150 78

In order to establish a sensitivity test system for the evaluation of anti-cancer hormonal agents, we tried a long-term subrenal capsule (SRC) assay, using nude mice with a transplanted solid tumor of endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa's line). Unlike DNA-affecting agents, anti-cancer hormonal agents exert cytostatic effects rather than cytocidal effects, and their evaluation in a short period is considered to be inaccurate. Our test system is somewhat difficult in terms of technique, but it is useful since it can (1) evaluate the agents in the relatively short period of 28 days and (2) compare the cytostatic anti-tumor efficacy of two or more agents under the same conditions. The rate of successful tumor transplantation in nude mice in our system is very high, i.e., more than 90%. Although there are some points which need improvement, our system is considered to be useful as an assay system for the development of anti-cancer hormonal agents and other similar chemotherapeutic agents for cancers. When medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was evaluated by means of this system, the administration period, as well as the dosage, was found to be important.
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PMID:[Estimation of medroxyprogesterone acetate against a human endometrial tumor constituted from the established Ishikawa cancer cells by a subrenal capsule assay]. 153 49

Ki-67 is a monoclonal antibody directed against a nuclear antigen present only in proliferating cells. To assess the growth potential of uterine endometrial cancer, the population of cells in proliferating cycle (%PC) was examined with Ki-67, using flow cytometry. The %PC of 27.18 +/- 12.00% in 22 endometrial cancers was significantly higher than the 14.5 +/- 5.94% found in 28 normal endometrial tissues. In premenopausal endometrial tissue, the %PC in the proliferatory phase was significantly higher than the %PC found in the secretory phase. In endometrial cancers, an increase of %PC was found in cases with deep myometrial invasion, and the %PC was elevated in groups containing histologically poorly differentiated types when compared to groups of well-differentiated and moderately differentiated types. Sorted cells reactive with Ki-67 antibody were large and had a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. On the bases of these results, it was concluded that a Ki-67 Ag/DNA dual-color assay would be useful to examine the growth fraction in endometrial carcinoma and that an increased growth fraction was related to deep myometrial invasion or poorly differentiated types.
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PMID:Growth potential of endometrial cancers assessed by a Ki-67 Ag/DNA dual-color flow-cytometric assay. 154 39

The proliferative activity of various parts of normal and malignant endometrium was evaluated using an immunohistochemical approach and flow cytometry (FCM). The two monoclonal antibodies, Ki-67 and anti-DNA polymerase alpha antibody (anti-poly alpha antibody) were used to detect the proliferative activity of cells, and the percentage of the Ki-67 and anti-poly alpha positive cells were measured. Proliferative indices (PI; percentage of S and G2M phase) and DNA ploidy were measured by FCM. Normal endometrial specimens from 29 patients with benign diseases were used and three different parts (fundus, middle, and low part of the uterus) were examined. In the proliferative phase of normal endometrium, there was no significant difference in the proliferative activity in the three parts. In 20 patients with endometrial carcinomas with myometrial invasion, tissues were taken from the myometrial invasive site and the central part of the tumor tissue. In the cases of endometrial carcinoma, the myometrial invasive site had a higher proliferative activity than central part of the tissue. The proliferative activity measured by the immunohistochemistry was correlated with the histological grade of malignancy, but it was not consistent with PI by FCM. This suggests that the proliferative activity measured by the immunohistochemistry is independent of flow cytometric PI.
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PMID:Proliferative activity in normal endometrium and endometrial carcinoma measured by immunohistochemistry using Ki-67 and anti-DNA polymerase alpha antibody, and by flow cytometry. 157 57

The effects of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the growth of cells from 2 endometrial cancer lines, Ishikawa and HEC-50 were evaluated by measuring rates of DNA synthesis and changes in cell numbers during culture. EGF at 17 and 1.7 nM concentrations consistently enhanced HEC-50 cell proliferation. TGF-beta 1 inhibited Ishikawa cell proliferation but, unexpectedly for epithelium-derived cells, stimulated HEC-50 cell growth. This effect is of interest as it indicates that endometrial cells can acquire an altered responsiveness to a growth inhibitor during the process of malignant transformation. Northern blot analyses showed expression of TGF-alpha, TGF-beta 1 and EGF receptors mRNA in both cell lines. Neither estradiol (E2) nor 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHTam) affected mRNA levels for either TGF-alpha or TGF-beta in HEC-50 cells, a line unresponsive to E2 for proliferation. In Ishikawa cells, previously shown to respond to both E2 and OHTam by increasing proliferation rates, E2 increased TGF-alpha mRNA and reduced TGF-beta mRNA levels. OHTam lowered the levels of both mRNA species, although the effect was greater on TGF-beta than TGF-alpha mRNA. These data are consistent with, but do not prove, the existence of a possible autocrine regulation by TGF-alpha and TGF-beta of human cancer cell proliferation, which might be under E2 influence in Ishikawa cells.
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PMID:Effects of transforming growth factors and regulation of their mRNA levels in two human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines. 161 74

In a prospective study comprising 447 women with endometrial carcinoma stages I-II, the prognostic significance of clinical and flow cytometric variables was evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses. The parameters studied included age, uterine cavity depth, clinical stage, histopathologic grade, myometrial invasion, weight, body mass index (BMI), parity, diabetes, oestrogen treatment, DNA - content and S-phase fraction. Patient selection for surgery influenced prognosis with a better survival in operated patients. In the univariate analysis the following parameters correlated with survival: age, grade, myometrial invasion, DNA - content and S- phase fraction. In the multivariate analyses which included clinical variables only, age, grade and myometrial invasion remained significant, but when flow cytometric variables were added, only S-phase fraction and myometrial invasion contained prognostic information. S-phase fraction also generally correlated with time of recurrence.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of flow cytometric and clinical variables in endometrial adenocarcinoma stages I and II. 162 30

A series of 47 human carcinoma cell lines and their cultured cells were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV) genomes with the use of an HPV detection kit (DNA-RNA hybridization, mixed HPV DNA probe of types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35). Four of 8 cases of mild dysplasia, 3 of 9 cases of severe dysplasia, 3 of 7 cases of carcinoma in situ, 3 of 15 cases of uterine carcinoma and 5 of 6 cases of condyloma acuminatum were shown to contain the HPV DNA genome in primary cultured cells, while HPV was not detected in the third-passage cells except for the three cases of large cell, nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. HPV was also not detected in such normal tissues as uterine cervical squamous epithelium, uterine cervical columnar epithelium and endometrium. The presence of HPV DNA genomes was detected consistently in the passages of three lines (SKG-II, HKMUS and HKTUS; large cell nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix) with the use of the Southern Blot method (DNA-DNA hybridization, mixed HPV probe of types 6, 11, 16 and 18). HPV type 16 DNA was detected in HKTUS, and HPV type 18 DNA was found in SKG-II and HKMUS. The other 44 cell lines, including ovarian carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, sarcoma, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and rectal cancer, were negative for the HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31, HPV-33 and HPV-35 genomes under stringent hybridization conditions.
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PMID:Presence of human papillomavirus genome in human tumor cell lines and cultured cells. 166 88

Primary and metastatic tumor tissues of serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the endometrium were examined for the following: (1) amplification of int-2, c-erbB-2 and c-myc proto-oncogenes by Southern blot hybridization; (2) DNA ploidy by flow cytometric study; (3) and expression of specific proteins, such as estrogen and progesterone receptors, keratin, vimentin, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) using immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques. Amplification of c-myc was observed in the specimens from the endometrium (ten-fold) and from omental metastasis (five-fold). Both int-2 and c-erbB-2 amplification were not observed. The tumor showed aneuploidy, with the specimens from the endometrium and omental metastasis exhibiting multiple populations of aneuploid tumor cells. Estrogen and progesterone receptors could not be detected biochemically; however, immunohistochemically, estrogen receptors were observed in tumor cells forming papillary structures but not in the tumor cells of the solid, more poorly differentiated areas. A similar distribution was observed for both low and high molecular weight keratin. The findings of c-myc amplification and aneuploidy in the serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the endometrium are consistent with its aggressive behavior observed clinically and emphasize the importance of distinguishing this lesion from other types of endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Analysis of proto-oncogene amplification, flow cytometry, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and immunohistochemistry. 169 76

The main goal of this study was to ascertain whether routine transurethral resection (TUR) of prostate may provide useful material for the evaluation of androgen receptor (AR) status. At the same time, either intracellular distribution of binding affinity and capacity of receptor molecules were particularly taken into account. Based on our previous findings in breast and endometrial cancer, we suggest that a "functional" receptor status may correspond to the presence of type I (high affinity, low capacity) AR in both soluble and nuclear fractions. However, the precise significance of type II (lower affinity, higher capacity) binding sites remains to be clarified. Ten samples of large prostatic adenomas, obtained by transvesical adenomectomy (TVA), were compared with ten parallel specimens obtained by an in vitro TUR, whereby a pure cutting current was used. The AR assay was carried out with a standard competition method using tritiated mibolerone as the radioligand and Scatchard analysis for data processing. No significant difference between the TUR and TVA groups emerged concerning type I AR content of soluble, nuclear or soluble together with nuclear fractions; this was also true when the results were expressed either as fmol/ml homogenate or as fmol/mg DNA. Similarly, concentrations of type II AR in TVA and TUR samples did not differ significantly in either cell compartment, although they were widely scattered, especially in the soluble fraction. In the light of our findings, it is suggested that TUR specimens represent suitable material for receptor studies, provided that only cutting current is employed and that the use of coagulation current, to control bleeding from the prostatic bed, is confined to the final step of the TUR procedure.
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PMID:Androgen receptor assays in specimens of prostatic tissue obtained by transurethral resection and transvesical adenomectomy. 172 54


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