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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using the value of 0.24 fmoles/microgram DNA as breaking point between high and low binding capacities, we quantified receptors for 17 beta-estradiol (ER), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHTR), progesterone (PR) and cortisol (CR) in normal and neoplastic human uterine tissues. Concerning receptors occurrence, significant relationships were observed between ER and PR, ER and DHTR, and DHTR and PR. A direct correlation between the presence of ER and tumor grading was found: PR was less frequent in grade II and absent in grade III endometrial carcinoma, however this was not a significant correlation. In endometrial carcinoma at least 1 of the receptors was detected in 67-91% of the cases, 3 receptors (ER, DHTR, PR) in 56%, and all 4 receptors in 45%. The simultaneous detection of multiple receptors could play an important role in determining hormone response.
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PMID:17 beta-estradiol, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, progesterone and cortisol receptors in normal and neoplastic human endometrium. 46 76

Proliferating tumor cells obtained from ovarian, mammary, and endometrial tumors in tissue culture were tested for the influence of proteohormones and steroid hormones on cellular DNA synthesis and cell growth. The gonadotropic hormones stimulated DNA synthesis of ovarian tumor cells by single administration, or in combination with cortisol, up to the 11-fold of the comparable controls. The hormone sensitivity of the cell lines was variable, resulting in individual reaction patterns. There was no correlation to the histological diagnosis of the primary tumors with respect to the grade of differentiation. The results suggest that ovarian tumor cells in tissue culture can maintain sensitivity to organotropic hormones. Compared to the ovarian carcinoma lines, mammary or endometrial tumor cells did not respond to a similar extent. Progesterone decreased DNA synthesis of endometrial carcinoma cells.
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PMID:Hormone sensitivity of gynecological tumor cells in tissue culture. 47 69

Flow-through cytophotometric determination of nuclear DNA content on jet wash material from the endometrium was employed in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. One hundred and thirty cases were studied. In comparison to results from cytodiagnosis, flow-through photometry yielded a false negative rate of 31.6% and a false positive rate of 42.2%. The false negative findings resulted in part from the small relative frequency of atypical cells in a mixed population of normal and atypical cells in certain cases. Besides this, we often found carcinomas with a diploid DNA stem line, which could not be distinguished cytophotometrically from normal corpus endometrium (Sandritter, 1952; Atkin et al., 1959; Hustin, 1976). The flow-through photometrically false positive findings may have resulted either from cell aggregates or from a nuclear DNA content elevated over the diploid value in proliferating cells (D. Wagner et al., 1968; D. Wagner and Richard, 1968). The observed false negative and false positive rates demonstrate that flow-through photometric determination of nuclear DNA content is unsuitable for the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:The diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma by means of jet wash and DNA flow-through cytophotometry. 68 1

The existence of precancerous lesions of the endometrium is well established, but differences in terminology and difficulties in the interpretation of published studies have complicated quantitation of the malignant potential of the descibed subtypes. Clinical investigations, cellular studies, chromosome and DNA analyses, and animal experiments suggest that the malignant potential of cystic hyperplasia is low in contrast to that of the more complex types of hyperplasia. The significance of atypical secretory hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and endometrial polyps in the evolution of endometrial cancer has not been investigated adequately. Artifactual crowding of glands due to fragmentation and benign processes such as the epithelial regeneration in late menstrual endometrium and the Arias-Stella reaction should not be confused with precancerous changes. A classification of precancerous lesions is presented and the need for adoption of a uniform terminology for future investigations and communication with gynecologists is emphasized.
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PMID:Precancerous lesions of the endometrium. 90 43

Neoplastic tissue was obtained from 30 patients with endometrial carcinoma and the response of this tissue to various hormones was studied in vitro by histological methods and by measuring the incorporation of 3-H thymidine into DNA. Progesterone and synthetic progestogens had a consistently adverse effect on tissue survival in vitro while pregneolone had a beneficial effect.
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PMID:Effect of protein hormones and steroids on tissue cultures of endometrial carcinoma. 113 39

Specific activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) was measured in subcellular fractions of normal endometrium at different phases of the menstrual cycle, and of endometrial carcinoma at different degrees of differentiation. The purity of fractions was determined by marker enzymes, RNA/DNA ratio or electronmicrographs. Both in normal and neoplastic tissue 17beta-HSD activity was located mainly in mitochrondria and microsomal enzyme is bound tightly to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. While in normal endometrium specific enzyme activity in subcellular fractions depended on the phase of the cycle, in endometrial carcinoma it depended on the degree of differtiation of the tumours. The highest values of 17beta-HSD activity were found in mitochondria and microsomes of early secretory endometrium (factor in mitochondria and microsomes of early secretory endometrium (factor 10 as compared to proliferative endometrium) and in particulate fractions of well differentiated carcinoma (factor 10 to greater than 10 as compared to undifferentiated carcinoma).
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PMID:Studies on 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human endometrium and endometrial carcinoma I. Subcellular distribution and variations of specific enzyme activity. 117 1

Ovarian and endometrial cancer tissues were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the results were compared with the findings in normal tissues by polymerase chain reaction. Putative DNA of HPV types 16 and 18 that target DNA sequences from paraffin-embedded tissues were amplified with paired oligonucleotide primers that encode the E6 gene of HPV. The amplified DNA sequences were then detected with Southern blot hybridization analysis. The HPV DNA sequences were detected in both benign (50% ovarian, 70% endometrial) and malignant ovarian (27.2%) and endometrial (37.5%) tissue samples. Interestingly, eight hepatoma samples were also analyzed as tissue controls. The results were negative in seven, but positive in one with repeated tests. The results suggest that the spread of HPV in the upper genital tract may not be uncommon. The explanation of a positive liver tissue study result will have to await further study.
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PMID:Human papillomavirus in benign and malignant ovarian and endometrial tissues. 132 79

The HER-2/neu oncogene encodes for a specific cell-surface glycoprotein similar to the human growth factor receptor. An analysis of 247 patients with endometrial cancer treated between 1979 and 1983 was performed using an immunoperoxidase technique on paraffin-embedded tissue samples to detect HER-2/neu overexpression. Specimens were graded blindly with regard to HER-2/neu staining intensity. Overexpression of HER-2/neu was identified as strong in 37 patients (15%), mild in 144 (58%), and none in 66 (27%). The 5-year progression-free survival was 56% for the strong, 83% for the mild, and 95% for the nonstaining groups. The strong (P < 0.0001) and the mild (P = 0.028) staining groups were distinct from the nonstaining group in predicting progression-free survival. Likewise, strong overexpression was associated with a poor (51%) overall survival (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that intense overexpression had independent significance in predicting progression-free (P = 0.0003) and overall survival (P < 0.0001). In stage I patients (203), the 5-year progression-free survival was 62% for the strong and 97% for the nonstaining groups (P = 0.0007). This retained independent significance when subjected to multivariate analysis (P = 0.0017). Other significant stage I prognostic factors in multivariate analysis included DNA ploidy, histologic subtype, and histologic grade but not depth of invasion.
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PMID:HER-2/neu expression: a major prognostic factor in endometrial cancer. 136 78

Steroid sulfatase desulfates a number of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid sulfates, converting inactive steroid hormone to the active form. I have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal antibody against the sulfatase which was purified from human placenta to measure an amount of the enzyme protein in sera of gynecologic cancer patients. By this method, it was found that the serum steroid sulfatase level is significantly elevated in patients with endometrial carcinoma (p less than 0.05) and ovarian carcinoma (p less than 0.01) as compared to that of normal women. Steroid sulfatase deficiency, X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) is an inherited skin disorder. The sulfatase gene and the enzyme protein were examined in patients with XLI. When the first and last (exon 10) exons of the sulfatase gene were amplified by PCR using patients' genomic DNA as templates, no product was detected in all six cases examined. In addition, neither mRNA of the sulfatase nor the enzyme protein was detected in a patient with XLI. These observations suggest that most Japanese XLI patients are caused by an extensive deletion of the steroid sulfatase gene.
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PMID:[Biochemical study on steroid sulfatase and its clinical application to the obstetrics and gynecology]. 142 99

The distribution of DNA ploidy levels and its prognostic significance in cervical cancer (including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) and endometrial cancer is discussed. DNA aneuploidy was observed in most of the cases with either the histological type of cervical cancer and in half of those with endometrial cancer. The DNA ploidy level of the tumor showed a characteristic distribution according to its histological type or grade. Although several investigators have already reported that patients with DNA diploid uterine tumors had a better survival than those with DNA aneuploid uterine tumors, further research is required before a definite conclusion can be attained on the prognostic value of the degree of DNA ploidy measurement in uterine cancer.
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PMID:[Flow cytometric evaluation of DNA ploidy pattern in uterine cancer]. 144 14


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