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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The preventive effect of estrogen on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become clear with epidemiological data. Therapeutic effects of estrogen have not yet been established. In this presentation, we report our new basic and clinical data. The estrogen receptor, (ER)alpha, and ERbeta mRNA were investigated in rat brain. Estradiol-17beta (E(2)) treatment following OVX reduced the levels of ERalpha mRNA in the hypothalamus. In the substantia innominata (SI), the number of choline acetyltransferase immunoreacive cells increased significantly in the estrogen treatment rat. The neurons in SI projecting to the forebrain cortex contained ERalpha. Increasing amounts of intracellular calcium, peroxidation, and apoptosis with amyloid beta were suppressed in neuronal cells from rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells with E(2). ERalpha cDNA transfected PC 12 cells elaborated more neurite-like processes with E(2). In clinics, we are currently preparing vaginal progesterone tablets, which essentially may concentrate in the endometrium to prevent endometrial cancer, with few general circulation of progesterone inviting less depression. The therapeutic effects of cyclic estrogen, such as its preventive effect, are suggested in these studies, at least on mild AD.
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PMID:Alzheimer's disease and estrogen. 1138 81

The incidence of endometrial cancer varies up to 10-fold between high- and low-incidence regions, suggesting the importance of environmental factors, including diet, in the etiology of this disease. However, few studies have examined the role of diet in the etiology of endometrial cancer. Using unconditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), we analyzed data from a large, case-control study of Swedish-born postmenopausal women aged 50-74 yr (709 cases and 2,887 controls) residing in Sweden between 1994 and 1995. We found no clear association between foods or food groups and endometrial cancer risk, although high consumption of certain foods, such as Brassica vegetables, coffee, and legumes, might be associated with small-to-moderate reduced risks of endometrial cancer, while red meat consumption might be associated with a small-to-moderate increased risk. Daily use of calcium supplements appeared to lower endometrial cancer risk (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-0.9, P for trend = 0.04), especially among women with low calcium intake from dairy products. On the other hand, the use of iron supplements appeared to increase the risk (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.9-3.3, P for trend = 0.03). The findings are discussed with respect to previous studies and the possible underlying mechanisms.
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PMID:Dietary factors in relation to endometrial cancer: a nationwide case-control study in Sweden. 1223 47

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) is a multifunctional protein kinase expressed abundantly in the central nervous system. Because changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations affect progression through the mitotic cell cycle, enhanced expression of CaMKIV has been reported in small cell lung carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. To elucidate the involvement of CaMKIV in endometrial carcinogenesis, we analyzed serial frozen sections from 31 patients with endometrial carcinoma and 20 patients with normal endometria for CaMKIV protein expression, using fluorescent immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the relationship between the percentages of CaMKIV stained cells and the patient characteristics, including clinical stage, histological grade, myometrial invasion, and clinical outcome. In the normal endometria, CaMKIV was detected in none of the cases examined. Most of the CaMKIV proteins were found in the nucleus of endometrial carcinoma tissue. CaMKIV expression was significantly associated with clinical stage (stage I and II versus stage III and IV; p<0.01), myometrial invasion (no myometrial invasion versus the presence of invasion to greater than one-half the myometrium; p=0.02), and clinical outcome (no evidence of disease versus died of disease; p=0.04). Scoring on the basis of the percentage of positive cells indicated that CaMKIV expression was significantly associated with PCNA-labeling index (p=0.02). Our results demonstrate that CaMKIV expression in endometrial carcinoma correlates with the malignant potential of this tumor.
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PMID:CaMKIV expression is associated with clinical stage and PCNA-labeling index in endometrial carcinoma. 1252 74

The Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Trial enrolled 7,705 women with osteoporosis, defined by prevalent vertebral fractures and/or a bone mineral density (BMD) T score at -2.5 or below, who were treated with placebo or raloxifene at a dosage of 60 or 120 mg/day for 3 years. Raloxifene hydrochloride therapy significantly reduces the risk for vertebral fractures at 3 and 4 years administration group. The fact that Raloxifene administration causes the significant 25% reduction in overall risks in postmenopausal women indicate a favorable risk-benefit profile. These data suggested that raloxifene is effective to protect from the occurrence of bone fracture without causing increases of breast cancer and endometrial cancer, and improve overall health conditions in postmenopausal women.
Clin Calcium 2004 Oct
PMID:[SERM & bone metabolism: protective effects of SERM against fracture risk and its long-term beneficial effects]. 1557 28

One of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), tamoxifen, has been widely used for prevention of breast cancer, postoperative adjuvant therapy and treatment of advanced breast cancer. The relation of a long-term administration of tamoxifen and its adverse effects have been extensively investigated. Favorable effects of tamoxifen are:the reduction in the risk of contralateral breast cancer, gain in bone density in postmenopausal women and decrease in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Unfavorable effects are: gynecologic problems and the increase in the risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolism. In contrast, another SERM, raloxifene, has reported to have similar favorable adverse effects but no unfavorable effect on endometrium.
Clin Calcium 2004 Oct
PMID:[Additional effect of SERM: mammary gland]. 1557 31

Tamoxifen and Toremifene act as agonistic on uterine myometrium and endometrium. Tamoxifen leads re-enlargement of uterine myomas, recurrence of adenomyosis, atypical genital bleeding for endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the stage of pathological change on myometrium and endometrium, both before and during the period of administration of tamoxifen or toremifene. Unlike these drugs, raloxifene has an antagonistic action on uterine myometrium and endometrium. From these standpoints, we consider that raloxifene use lower the risks of uterine myomas, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma.
Clin Calcium 2004 Oct
PMID:[Effects of raloxifene on other organs without bone: uterus]. 1557 32

At perimenopausal stage, women start losing their bone mineral density. The bone loss results from accelerated bone absorption due to lower estrogen level which often caused climacteric disorders. Then it is possible to treat both osteoporosis and climacteric disorders with estrogen replacement therapy. However, it is necessary that we properly explain the hormone-related disorders (breast cancer, endometrial cancer and heart disease) and get the informed consent at beginning of this therapy.
Clin Calcium 2003 Nov
PMID:[Estrogen replacement therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women]. 1577 33

Daily diet factors that could potentially be related to endometrial cancer (EC) in Mexico are still unknown. This study aims to evaluate the association between EC and Mexican dietary factors. A case-control study in Mexico City was conducted during 1995-1997 in a social security hospital, using 85 incident cases of EC and 629 controls. A validated questionnaire with 116 items about the frequency and type of food intake was used. The analysis of nutrients was performed using the residual method, adjusting by predictor variables through logistic regression methods. In addition, partitional models estimated total caloric intake for other sources. We found no association between EC risk and consumption of animal or vegetable proteins, saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fat, although high intake of nutrients such as lactose (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21-1.01, P for trend = 0.004), vitamin D (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.18-0.82, P= 0.003), and calcium (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.89, P= 0.02) were inversely associated with EC. Our results suggest that dietary vitamin D and calcium play an important role in the development of EC, although the mechanisms postulated should be explained with additional studies with large populations.
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PMID:Dietary factors and endometrial cancer risk. Results of a case-control study in Mexico. 1617 49

Postmenopausal women on maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) has considerably higher risk of bone fracture than general population with combination of postmenopausal osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy. However, the treatment of osteoporosis on MHD has not been established. Evidence indicates raloxifene (RLX), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is effective for a protection of bone fracture without increasing of breast cancer and endometrial cancer. We hereby report short-term use experience of RLX for the postmenopausal MHD patients. Fifteen postmenopausal MHD patients with less than 80% of YAM bone density in DEXA administrated 60 mg RLX on every HD days (3 days/week). Serum NTX level significantly decreased after 6 months (180 +/- 18 vs. 95 +/- 12 nmol/BCE/L, p< 0.05), however, i-PTH did not have the significant difference. (115 +/- 23 vs. 157 +/- 29 pg/mL). RLX is effective for bone biomarker improvement in postmenopausal MHD patients. Further evaluation for the effectiveness and safety of RLX is necessary in the long term.
Clin Calcium 2005 Sep
PMID:[Effects of raloxifene on bone biomarkers in postmenopausal women on maintenance haemodialysis]. 1627 39

Hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women is treated increasingly with aromatase inhibitors because of increased efficacy and reduced incidence of endometrial cancer compared with tamoxifen. However, aromatase inhibitor therapy increases bone turnover as a result of nearly complete oestrogen depletion, leading to increases in bone loss and fragility fractures that erode patients' functional independence and quality of life. Management of patients with aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss (AIBL) is currently evolving and intervention strategies are under investigation. Although no treatments are specifically approved for AIBL, bisphosphonates are currently the intervention of choice for patients with low bone mineral density or evidence of rapid bone turnover, along with adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation and a healthy lifestyle. In this setting, the majority of information available regarding bisphosphonate efficacy is from studies of intravenous zoledronic acid (4 mg) every 6 months. Data from four large international studies (three of identical design in postmenopausal women and one in premenopausal women) indicate that zoledronic acid is effective in the management of AIBL. Treatment algorithms based on risk factors and bone mineral density are under development, and the results of ongoing studies should help define optimal bone health management for patients undergoing aromatase inhibitor treatment for early breast cancer.
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PMID:Bone loss in patients with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors and associated treatment strategies. 1848 46


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