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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A nude mouse model for the growth of human endometrial carcinoma and hormonal modulation of the progesterone receptor (PR) was established previously. This study describes the effect of 17 beta-estradiol and tamoxifen (TAM) on growth rate and PR concentration in a hormonally responsive human endometrial tumor (EnCa 101) grown in this experimental system and presents the first characterization of human endometrial carcinoma PR. EnCa 101 was transplanted subcutaneously into ovariectomized, BALB/c, nu/nu athymic mice and grown under 17 beta-estradiol-stimulated, TAM-stimulated, and control conditions. Both 17 beta-estradiol and TAM increased the growth rate of EnCa 101 in nude mice, and a parallel increase in the cytosol PR concentration was observed, from 130 +/- 55 (SD) fmol/mg protein to 1,311 +/- 598 fmol/mg protein and 710 +/- 310 fmol/mg protein, respectively. PR was partially purified by phosphocellulose and DEAE cellulose chromatography, and the DEAE eluate was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and photoaffinity labeling with [17 alpha-methyl-3H]promegestone ([3H]R5020). Two PR-negative tumors (EnCa K and EnCa V) were also examined in parallel. Coomassie blue staining of gels revealed that the protein patterns of all of the partially purified preparations from EnCa 101, EnCa K, and EnCa V were essentially identical. In contrast, photolabeling and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of EnCa 101 grown in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol or TAM revealed incorporation of [3H]R5020 into proteins of molecular weight approximately 116,000 and 85,000. Labeled proteins of molecular weight 66,000, 45,000, and 35,000 were also observed. In each case, the labeling was competable with excess non-radioactive R5020. No incorporation of [3H]R5020 was observed in EnCa 101 grown in the absence of estrogen, nor was any observed in EnCa K or EnCa V.
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PMID:Photoaffinity labeling of the progesterone receptor from human endometrial carcinoma. 405 15

Addition of cGMP to cytosol of human endometrium or to cells of the endometrial cancer line HEC-1 produced severalfold increases in specific estrogen binding (EB) levels. This effect was maximal with 1 microM cGMP in the presence of 0.1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor) during incubations with [3H]estradiol. In contrast, cAMP decreased EB levels under similar conditions. The effects of cyclic nucleotides on EB levels were complete in less than 15 min in the presence of Mg2+, Mn2+, or Ca2+. The EB sites generated by the addition of cGMP during labeling of cytosol with 10 nM [3H]estradiol were found to sediment in the 8S and 4S regions of low-salt glycerol gradients. No changes in EB levels were observed when cyclic nucleotides were added to cytosol depleted of ATP by preincubation at 4 degrees C for 3 hr, but responsiveness was restored by addition of exogenous ATP. The ATP requirement and the pattern of dependence of cyclic nucleotide actions on divalent cation concentrations suggest that cGMP and cAMP effects may be mediated by kinases and may involve phosphorylations. Another possibility is that the cyclic nucleotides interact allosterically with the binder in the presence of ATP. Addition of sodium molybdate, ATP, and GTP to homogenates of endometrial tissue or HEC-1 cells produces increases in EB levels similar to those obtained by the addition of cGMP. However, these compounds are much less active when added to cytoplasm or cytosol. On the basis of these and other observations, it is hypothesized that molybdate, ATP, and GTP affect EB levels primarily by increasing cGMP concentrations through processes involving a plasma membrane-bound guanylate cyclase.
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PMID:Rapid changes in specific estrogen binding elicited by cGMP or cAMP in cytosol from human endometrial cells. 630 87

We have investigated the effects of including 10 mM sodium molybdate in the buffers used for analysis of cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors of normal human proliferative endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. Sodium molybdate does not increase the steroid binding capacity of the receptors, but imparts stability to the steroid bound receptor; the steroid-bound receptors in molybdate treated cytosol sediment as distinct 8-9S moieties in sucrose gradients of low ionic strength in contrast to those in untreated cytosol which sediment mainly as 4S. We conclude that sodium molybdate is a useful reagent for the assay and isolation of estrogen and progesterone receptors of human endometrial tissues.
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PMID:The effect of sodium molybdate on the cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors in human endometrial tissues. 720 3

We investigated the value of staining retroperitoneal lymph nodes with chlorophyllin in normal dogs and in women with malignant uterine tumors undergoing lymphadenectomy. In dogs, after 0.3% chlorophyllin (sodium copper chlorophyllin) was injected into the canine uterus, the concentration of dye in the bloodstream was measured with a spectrophotometer and sections of stained retroperitoneal lymph nodes were examined using light and electron microscopy. The highest blood levels were detected at 4 hrs and nearly all of the chlorophyllin was gone from the bloodstream by 18 hrs but was retained in nodal macrophages for at least 4 days. No morphological changes were found in the excised lymph nodes. Twenty-four patients with cervical carcinoma and 20 patients with endometrial carcinoma undergoing radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy were divided into a lymphatic coloration group (23 patients) and a non-coloration (control) group (21 patients). In the lymphatic coloration group (0.3% chlorophyllin) was injected into the cervix 5 days before elective lymphadenectomy. There were no complications attributed to injection of the chlorophyllin. The number of dissected lymph nodes in the coloration group were greater than the control group (p<0.01) and the time of operation was shorter (p<0.01). These results suggest that chlorophyllin is safe and facilitates identification of retroperitoneal lymph nodes, allows more complete nodal excision and shortens the time of operation in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy.
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PMID:Identification of pelvic lymph nodes with chlorophyllin after injection into the uterine cervix: an experimental and clinical study. 1147 74

Telomerase activation can be considered as a critical step in cell immortalization. The enzyme elongates or maintains telomere length by adding to its end tandem TTAGGG repeats by using its endogenous RNA template. Telomerase is not detectable in most somatic cells but is upregulated in germ line cells and in 85-90% of human cancers, which suggests important role of telomerase in neoplastic transformation. Consequently, telomerase has been proposed as a potentially highly selective target for the development of antiproliferative agents. Platinum complexes are widely administrated in cancer therapy. A conjugate of selenite with diammineplatinum [(NH(3))(2)Pt(SeO(3))(2)] is a novel potential anticancer drug. Using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay), we showed that the drug at 5-30 microM induced concentration-dependent damage to DNA of endometrial cancer cells derived from tumor samples. Sodium ascorbate at 10 and 50 microM reduced the extent of the DNA damage evoked by the drug. (NH(3))(2)Pt(SeO(3)) reduced telomerase activity in the cells in a concentration-dependent manner as measured by using the telomere repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. This effect was independent of sodium ascorbate. Therefore, mutagenic effects of the conjugate can be reduced by well-recognized antimutagen, sodium ascorbate, but it can still retain ability to affect neoplastic transformation. The results obtained indicate that (NH(3))(2)Pt(SeO(3)) may specifically inhibit telomerase activity in endometrial cancer cells.
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PMID:Inhibition of telomerase activity in endometrial cancer cells by selenium-cisplatin conjugate despite suppression of its DNA-damaging activity by sodium ascorbate. 1175 89

The receptor-linked internalization of [125I] human neuropeptide Y (NPY) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the guinea-pig Y1 receptors or in human endometrial carcinoma-1B (Hec-1B) cells expressing the human Y5 receptor, as well as the receptor-linked internalization of human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) receptor expressed in CHO cells, is selectively inhibited by low molarities of the Li+ cation. The Na+ and K+ cations decreased the receptor-linked internalization of agonist peptides only at high molar inputs, and largely in proportion to the reduction of cell surface binding of Y ligand peptides, dependent on ion concentration and the type of Y receptor examined. With particulates isolated from disrupted cells, there was no preferential inhibition by Li+ relative to Na+ in the binding of type-specific ligand peptides to Y receptors of any type. The observed difference could be connected to the known ability of Li+ to modify active conformations of signal transducers, which may also directly or indirectly affect the internalization motors. The decrease in the rate of Y receptor internalization by Li+ also points to a possible alteration of Y receptor signaling in vivo by lithium at acute therapeutically employed dose levels.
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PMID:Internalization of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y5 and of pancreatic polypeptide Y4 receptors is inhibited by lithium in preference to sodium and potassium ions. 1475 59

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Most cases are diagnosed in older patients with diabetes, hypertension, or obesity. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a central role controlling blood pressure and sodium homeostasis. RAS polymorphisms have been reported as genetic determinants of essential hypertension. The objective of this study was to analyze angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and endometrial human cancer in normotensive and hypertensive women. The presence of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction in DNA isolated from peripheral blood samples of 171 women: 70 cases with endometrial cancer (age, 63.6 +/- 9.5 years) and 101 normal control women (age, 61.3 +/- 6.4 years). We detected DD genotype in 47.5%, ID genotype in 44.3%, and II genotype in 8.2% of cases. The allele frequency was 0.69 for D allele and 0.30 for I allele. In normotensives, we found that the presence of I allele (genotypes ID and II) is significantly associated to an earlier age (56.0 +/- 10.1 versus 65.8 +/- 9.9) of onset of endometrial carcinoma (P=0.029). We observed that normotensive women carriers of an allele I have a higher risk of development of endometrial cancer under the age of 63 years (odds ratio=3.60, 95% confidence interval=1.03-12.56; P=0.037). Our findings suggest that ACE polymorphism may be associated with the development of endometrial carcinoma and with the onset of this tumor in younger women. The definition of a pharmacogenomic profile of human neoplasia may help to identify targets for the development of therapeutic or chemoprevention strategies.
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PMID:Angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and endometrial human cancer in normotensive and hypertensive women. 1552 1

Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SELDI-MS) has conventionally been practiced on linear time of flight (TOF) which has low mass accuracy and resolution. Here we demonstrate in an examination of both malignant and nonmalignant endometrial tissue homogenates that high mass accuracy and resolution in the MS stage are crucial. Using a commercially available quadrupole/TOF (QqTOF), we were able to resolve two potential cancer markers, subsequently identified off-line as chaperonin 10 and calgranulin A, that differ by 8 Da in mass. Two off-line protein identification protocols were developed: the first was based on size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), protein extraction, trypsin digestion, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-tandem MS (MALDI-MS/MS); the second on SEC and shotgun nano-liquid chromatography (nanoLC)-MS/MS. Analyses on a cohort of 44 endometrial homogenates showed 22 out of 23 nonmalignant samples had nondetectable to very low abundance of chaperonin 10 and calgranulin A; 17 of the 21 malignant samples had detectable to abundant levels of both proteins. Immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray of 32 samples showed that approximately half of malignant endometrial tissues exhibited positive staining for calgranulin A in the malignant epithelium, while 9 out of 10 benign tissues exhibited negative epithelial staining. In addition, macrophages/granulocytes in malignant as well as nonmalignant tissues showed positive staining. No immunostaining occurred in stroma or myometrium. Calgranulin A, in combination with chaperonin 10 and other proteins, may eventually constitute a panel of markers to permit diagnosis and screening of endometrial cancer.
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PMID:A strategy for high-resolution protein identification in surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: calgranulin A and chaperonin 10 as protein markers for endometrial carcinoma. 1581 4

The induction of antimicrobial peptides such as the human cathelicidin, CAMP/hCAP18, by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) provides a very exciting therapeutic approach in boosting immunity against infectious diseases. To explore the range of cell types and expand the number of cell models for studying the regulation of CAMP gene expression by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), we treated cell lines from various tissue types and determined CAMP gene expression. Also, we tested additional compounds together with 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) to look for possible cooperative activation of the gene. We identified 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-mediated induction of the CAMP gene in B-cell lymphomas, prostate and endometrial cancer lines and found cooperative activation with the histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate. The data suggest that regulation of CAMP by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is potentially important in a wide range of tissues.
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PMID:Regulation of the CAMP gene by 1,25(OH)2D3 in various tissues. 1736 84

Paclitaxel(referred to hereinafter as PTX )is used in ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, and endometrial cancer with positive treatment result reports. However, severe allergic reactions such as decreases in blood pressure and impaired breathing occur with relatively high frequency. For the prevention of such allergic reactions, administration of a premedication composed of the three components, dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection, diphenhydramine hydrochloride tablet, and ranitidine hydrochloride injection solution(or injectable famodine), is advised in the appended documentation. Administration is difficult because, among these three components, only diphenhydramine hydrochloride is administered orally and thus must be provided through the internal medicine department. Particularly when this combined dosage is administered as outpatient chemotherapy, the doctor must prescribe diphenhydramine hydrochloride tablets, and the patient must not forget to bring them on the day in which chemotherapy is administered. Also, checks by the medical staff such as pharmacists and nurses are required, complicating the administration of this therapy further. Taking this situation into consideration, our hospital uses a short-time premedication method wherein d-Chlorpheniramine Maleate injections are substituted for diphenhydramine hydrochloride tablets, and the time required for premedication is reduced to 15 minutes. This study investigated the allergic reaction ratio to consider the safety and usefulness of the short-time premedication method used at our hospital. The chemotherapy regimens conducted for the subject patients were 9 cases of PTX+CBDCA, 6 cases of biweekly- PTX, and 5 cases of weekly-PTX. A total of 67 PTX injections were given, 15 of them being first-time administrations. The ratio of allergic/hypersensitivity reactions was 10.0%(2 cases in 20). The short-time premedication method using d-Chlorpheniramine Maleate injections did not display a significant difference from the conventional method used for prevention of allergic and hypersensitivity reactions. Also, since this method of medication proves useful for is easy for the patient, reduces treatment time, is safe, economical, and helps reduce the workload of doctors, pharmacists, and nurses.
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PMID:[Evaluation of short-time premedication with d-chlorpheniramine maleate injection for paclitaxel-induced hypersensitivity reaction]. 1870 46


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