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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of high dose medroxyprogesterone (MPA) on serum lipids was studied in 31 postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer. After 3 months of MPA treatment, total cholesterol decreased by 18% (P less than 0.001), LDL cholesterol by 16% (P less than 0.01) and HDL cholesterol by 38% (P less than 0.001) from the respective pretreatment values; correspondingly, the ratio of HDL to total cholesterol decreased (P less than 0.001). Similar changes were found as early as 2 weeks after start of treatment. In the 15 controls receiving no progestin treatment, full dose intracavitary radiotherapy and gynecological surgery had no effect on these serum lipids.
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PMID:Effect of high dose progestin on serum lipids. 687 Sep 84

The objective of the present phase II trial was to analyze the efficacy of the antiestrogen tamoxifen in advanced endometrial carcinoma. 32 patients with measurable disease entered the study and were treated with tamoxifen 10 mg 3 times daily. Among 26 patients with evaluable disease remission (partial and complete) was achieved in 8 (30%), no change in 7 (27%) and progressive disease in 11 (42%). Duration of response was significantly longer in 4 patients with complete remission (30.5 + months) compared to patients with partial remission and no change. No correlation was found between response to treatment with tamoxifen and disease free interval but a favourable connection was observed between good response and low grade of anaplasia of the tumor. 9 of the patients had received prior treatment with MPA. No complete cross resistance or cross sensitivity between MPA and tamoxifen was apparent.
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PMID:Tamoxifen treatment of advanced endometrial carcinoma. A phase II study. 687 94

30 patients with advanced breast carcinoma, and 20 patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma were treated with high doses, 500 mg./day, of MPA (medroxyprogesterone acetate) administered orally for 3 months. Evaluation of results showed responses in only 30% of women treated, independently of the type of carcinoma. In the breast carcinoma group median duration of response was 10 months, and median survival time 15 months; in the second group of patients median duration of response was 15 months, and median survival time was not yet reached after 28 months of follow-up. Negative side effects were gain of body weight and hypertension; oral MPA administration seems to have a lower response rate than parenteral administration; it is, however, easier to handle, and could present a useful alternative in maintenance therapy.
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PMID:[Oral high doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of advanced phases of breast and endometrial cancer]. 745 90

In recent years, we treated recurrent uterine endometrial cancer by combined therapy including CDDP. But in poor cases, like renal failure and such, it is difficult to perform the therapy. Two cases of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer treated earlier with MPA were presently treated with an addition of etoposide. The first case was given etoposide (50 mg/m2/day 4 times for 21 days by oral administration). The target tumor mass was reduced in size, occult blood vanished, and the tumor marker was reduced. The other case was treated with etoposide, 50 mg/body/day for 21 days by oral administration, but because of diarrhea, the dose had to be decreased to 25 mg/body/day every day. The tumor marker was reduced and genital bleeding vanished. These cases suggested that etoposide-MPA combined therapy might be effective for recurrent uterine endometrial cancer of well-differentiated type.
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PMID:[Treatment of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer in adjuvant therapy with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in addition of etoposide]. 782 70

Endometrial hyperplasia was proposed as a predecessor to endometrial carcinoma already at the end of the 19th century. However, there have been different opinions regarding this view. The treatment also varies, but generally cyclic progesterone at a dose of 10 mg a day is used. In order to investigate whether endometrial hyperplasia is a premalignant state and also whether a high-dose gestagen treatment would cure a high proportion of these patients, a prospective randomised study was started in 1982. We now present the 5 year follow-up consisting of 82 patients treated with high-dose gestagen. In this study 19 out of 82 patients had hysterectomies (2 due to hyperplasia and 11 due to bleeding), almost the same frequency as in a previous report with patients followed-up with abrasio only, but now mainly due to bleeding problems. In summary, no carcinoma developed and the hyperplasia was cured with 500 mg MPA i.m. twice weekly for three months. However, the bleeding problems, though almost always only spotting, remained, leading to a frequency of hysterectomy that was still too high. We find latter clinical problem an enigma. Further studies are therefore in progress in our group which try to identify other treatment modalities for those patients with bleeding problems or who redeveloped hyperplasia after abrasio, in order to avoid hysterectomies.
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PMID:Spontaneous endometrial hyperplasia. A 5 year follow-up of 82 patients after high-dose gestagen treatment. 787 26

Hormonal agents have been used to treat endometrial cancer since the early 1960s. The response rate for patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer subjected to gestagen therapy has been reported to be about 30%. However, the analysis of the action mechanism of gestagen on endometrial cancer is not complete. Since oral administration of high dose MPA has begun, thrombosis has been reported as an uncommon but severe side effect. The risk factors for thrombosis in patients having gestagen therapy were clarified in the report published by the Ministry of Welfare in 1992. This report emphasized the importance of patient selection for gestagen therapy and cautious management. Besides gestagen therapy, antiestrogen therapy has been tried for the treatment of endometrial cancer. However, tamoxifen therapy was not so effective compared with gestagen. Moreover, antiestrogen-gestagen combination therapy and chemo-endocrine therapy are on trial recently. These trials are attempts to find a more effective regimen for the treatment of endometrial cancer. A recent theme in the study of hormonal therapy is basic investigation concerning the effect of MPA upon the action of growth factor and oncogene expression in endometrial cancer cells. These studies may lead to a molecular biological explanation of the action mechanism of gestagen therapy in future.
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PMID:[Hormonal therapy in endometrial cancer]. 825 43

Combination oral contraceptive (COC) users have reduced risks of ovarian and endometrial cancer, but COCs have not reduced breast cancer risk. We have previously argued that a hormonal contraceptive with substantially lower doses of sex-steroids should reduce breast cancer risk by decreasing the breast epithelial cell proliferation below usual premenopausal levels. We report here the preliminary results of a pilot trial with such a prototype contraceptive consisting of an agonist of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRHA) administered with low doses of an oral estrogen (0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen, CE, for 6 days every week) and intermittent oral progestogen (10 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA, for 13 days every 4 months). Eighteen subjects at five-fold or greater increased breast cancer risk were entered and randomized -12 to the contraceptive arm and 6 to a control arm. The principal endpoints included tolerance of the regimen, vaginal bleeding patterns, and the regimen's effect on the endometrium, bone metabolism, and lipids. A symptom questionnaire was used to assess tolerance; the contraceptive subjects had fewer symptoms following initiation of the regimen. This results from the elimination of symptoms associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, commonly referred to collectively as premenstrual syndrome, PMS. The few occurrences of hot flushes or vaginal dryness that did occur were eliminated by small increases in estrogen dose (0.9 mg CE). Scheduled vaginal bleeding occurred associated with most periods of progestogen administration. Unscheduled bleeding or spotting was infrequent and decreased with time on the regimen. A beneficial rise in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was evident in the contraceptive subjects. Despite the use of an estrogen dose which is known to prevent loss of bone mineral density in normal postmenopausal women, an annualized loss of 1.9% was seen in contraceptive subjects. It is hypothesized that this is secondary to inhibition of ovarian androgen production by the GnRHA, which may additionally account for changes in libido occasionally reported with GnRHA. The study continues with the addition of a small dose of androgen to replace that lost by the action of the GnRHA.
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PMID:Pilot trial of a gonadotropin hormone agonist with replacement hormones as a prototype contraceptive to prevent breast cancer. 839 Mar 40

1. The levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) expression and secretion and its messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression in well-differentiated endometrial cancer (Ishikawa) cells were significantly increased by estradiol. 2. This increase was significantly inhibited by tamoxifen, progestins (progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA], and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone), and to some extent danazol, but not by terahydrocortisol and hydrocortisone. 3. Estrogen might stimulate the basic FGF secretion of endometrial cancer cells, at least for neovascularization, and antiestrogenic compounds may inhibit the estrogen-induced event.
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PMID:Antiestrogenic compounds inhibit estrogen-induced expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor and its mRNA in well-differentiated endometrial cancer cells. 959 98

To clarify the effect of sex steroids on neovascularization in the growth, invasion and metastasis of endometrial cancer, the regulations of acid fibroblast growth factor (FGF-1), basic FGF (FGF-2) and hst-1 (FGF-4) mRNA expressions were studied in well-differentiated endometrial cancer cells under the influence of sex steroids. The levels of FGF-1 and 2 mRNAs in the well-differentiated endometrial cancer (Ishikawa) cells were significantly increased by estradiol. This increase was significantly inhibited by progestins (progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA] and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) and tamoxifen, but not by tetrahydrocortisol, hydrocortisone and danazol. The expression of FGF-4 mRNA was not altered by sex steroids. Therefore, estrogen might stimulate FGF-2 with FGF-1 secretion of endometrial cancer cells for neovascularization, and antiestrogenic compounds do inhibit estrogen-induced events.
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PMID:Antiestrogenic compounds inhibit estrogen-induced expression of fibroblast growth factor family (FGF-1, 2, and 4) mRNA in well-differentiated endometrial cancer cells. 944 20

Progestogen suppresses the progression of endometrial cancer and has an important effect on the secretory change of human endometrium. We characterized the progestogen-induced alterations of gene expression in a human endometrial-cancer cell line using a mRNA differential-display reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (DDRT-PCR) method. After 5-day incubation of Ishikawa endometrial-cancer cells, with or without 100 nM medroxyprogesterone acetate (M PA), total RNA was isolated from confluent cells. We identified 8 candidate genes by mRNA differential display by screening up to approximately 3,000 mRNA species. Among these, 2 genes named T21A and T21B showed a decrease in mRNA by MPA treatment when analyzed by Northern blot. Nucleotide sequence showed that clone T21A was part of human mitochondrial short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase cDNA. The other clone, T21B, showed no homology with any known nucleotide sequences. Northern-blot analysis using T21A and T21B clones as probes showed a decrease in mRNA in human endometrium from the luteal stage, with high serum estradiol and progesterone levels, as compared with that from the early follicular stage, with low serum estradiol and progesterone levels, and that from the pre-ovulatory stage with high serum estradiol and low progesterone levels. These findings suggest that mRNA DDRT-PCR could be used to identify the candidate genes regulated by progestogen in human endometrial cancer and in normal human endometrium.
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PMID:Messenger RNA differential display reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction analysis of a progestogen-suppressive gene in a human endometrial-cancer cell line. 972 4


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