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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve cases of malignancy of the uterine body occurred 5-19 years after radiotherapy for 8,704 cases of carcinoma of cervix-an incidence of 0.14%. 10 cases were malignant mixed mesodermal tumor and 2 endometrial carcinoma. The radiation dose varied from 5,500 to 12,000 rad to the area of uterine body. Eight patients had vaginal discharge and 4 were asymptomatic in the follow-up examination in which enlarged uterus was found in all except one. The tumor had extented out of the uterus in 6 patients. 6 of the 12 patients were diagnosed by endometrial biopsy before treatment. Eight patients were treated by operation, 3 by radiation and 1 was untreated. Eleven patients died within 3 years, one recurred in 4.5 years after treatment. It is believed that the malignant tumor of the uterine body is closely related to radiotherapy and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, in the follow-up examination, if vaginal discharge and enlarged uterus are found, endometrial biopsy should be done to ensure correct diagnosis and early operation in order to obtain a better result.
Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1985 Sep
PMID:[Malignancy of the uterine body after radiotherapy for carcinoma of uterine cervix--report of 12 cases]. 300 56

The relation between use of conjugated estrogens and the risk of uterine cancer was examined among 188 white women with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer and 428 controls hospitalized for nonmalignant conditions requiring surgery at the Boston Hospital for Women-Parkway Division, Boston, Massachusetts, in January 1970-June 1975. As in prior studies, the greatest increases in risk were associated with dosages of 0.625 mg or greater (relative risk (RR) = 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.2-6.6) and duration of use of 10 or more years (RR = 7.6). Risk was elevated whether or not use was cyclic. Cyclic use was associated with a higher risk (RR = 3.6, 95% CI = 2.2-6.6) than continuous use (RR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.3-4.1), but the difference between these risk estimates was not statistically significant. Risk remained increased even among women who had discontinued use of conjugated estrogens five or more years previously (RR = 4.5). Cases who were previous users had less advanced lesions at diagnosis than had never users. The highest risk associated with use of conjugated estrogens was that for stage I, grade 1 disease with no myometrial invasion. However, increases in risk of more advanced disease were seen among long-term users.
Am J Epidemiol 1986 Sep
PMID:Conjugated estrogen use and risk of endometrial cancer. 301

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is defined as abnormal uterine bleeding in the absence of organic disease. It is the result of anovulation or the abnormal local production of prostaglandins (PGs), and in each case, the primary fault is inappropriate hormone formation. There are 2 approaches to diagnosis. The traditional one is primarily concerned with the exclusion of cancer of the endometrium; this concern results in the frequent resort to uterine curettage. The 2nd approach is to limit curettage to patients whose symptoms are not ameliorated by medical therapy. The aim of the medical treatment is either to produce secretory change in the endometrium or to decrease the formation of uterine PGs. Intermittent progesterone treatment is used to cause secretory changes in the endometrium. Decreased production of the PGs is achieved indirectly by causing strophy of the endometrium or directly through the use of PG synthetase inhibitors. Surgery in the form of dilatation and curettage has no longterm therapeutic effect; hysterectomy is definitive therapy. (author's)
Can J Surg 1986 Sep
PMID:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. 301 96

Progestogens should be added to estrogen replacement therapy, not only to prevent endometrial cancer in women with a uterus, but also to reduce the risk of breast cancer in some women. Smoking should be discouraged to reduce the risk for both lung cancer and heart disease. Recommendations should be made to increase fiber intake to lessen the risk for carcinoma of the colon. Reducing fat intake also decreases risk for colon cancer, as well as carcinoma of the breast. Postmenopausal bleeding must be investigated for early diagnosis of endometrial cancer and, when endometrial hyperplasia is the finding, it should be treated with progestogens to prevent adenocarcinoma. The progestogen challenge test is recommended for all women with a uterus, and if bleeding occurs, the progestogen should be continued for 13 days each month. Use of mammograms and other diagnostic modalities should be increased to make the earliest possible diagnosis of breast cancer.
Geriatrics 1988 Sep
PMID:Cancer in the older woman: diagnosis and prevention. 304 28

From August 1981 to December 1986, 47 patients with endometrial cancer, surgical stage I through IV, received adjuvant whole abdominopelvic irradiation with a nodal and vaginal boost. Median age was 66.5 years (range: 37 to 86 years). Twenty-two patients were stages I-II and 25 patients were stages III-IV. Thirty-four patients (79 per cent) had positive peritoneal cytology, 29 patients (62 per cent) had deep myometrial involvement, 27 patients (58 per cent) had high-grade lesions, 18 patients (40 per cent) had either serous-papillary or adenosquamous histologic variants, and 10 patients (22 per cent) had residual disease of up to 2 cm remaining after operation, mostly in the form of nodal disease. Twenty-four patients (51 per cent) have had two or more laparotomies. Mean follow-up was 40.5 months (range: 17 to 81 months). The 5-year overall survival rate was 66 per cent, and the 5-year relapse-free survival rate was 77 per cent. Toxicity has been modest, usually of the acute type, and particularly evident in thin patients (weight below 115 pounds).
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1988 Sep
PMID:Results of whole abdominopelvic irradiation with nodal boost for patients with endometrial cancer at high risk of failure in the peritoneal cavity. A prospective clinical trial at the Mayo Clinic. 305 92

Tamoxifen is an effective therapy for advanced breast cancer and is well tolerated. In elderly patients or in those with inoperable primary disease tamoxifen is as effective as surgery or radiotherapy. In early breast cancer tamoxifen is associated with a prolongation of disease-free and overall survival, at least in women over the age of 50 with nodal involvement. Major trials now suggest that the effectiveness of tamoxifen may, however, be independent of age, menopausal status and of nodal status, but this remains the subject of substantial controversy. These trials also suggest that longer periods of tamoxifen treatment (more than 2 years) are better than shorter treatments and, therefore, adjuvant tamoxifen until recurrence may be the final treatment of choice for such patients. Tamoxifen is also effective in the treatment of endometrial cancer; however, there seems little advantage in combining the drug with progestogens, either concurrently or sequentially. Modest clinical benefit has been seen in patients with ovarian cancer treated with tamoxifen but the majority of patients have been heavily pretreated. Clinical trials of tamoxifen as primary therapy for this disease are warranted. Tamoxifen has probably been the most widely studied endocrine therapy for breast cancer and the subject of some of the longest and best controlled studies. Although there is no doubt that tamoxifen is effective in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer, the precise position and duration of treatment remains to be defined unequivocally. Future use in the treatment of women at high risk of developing breast cancer--so-called prophylactic therapy--depends on improvements in risk factor determination and a continuing evaluation of the possible clinical relevance of findings in animals given long-term treatment with high doses of the drug.
Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1988 Sep
PMID:Anti-oestrogens in the treatment of breast and gynaecological cancers. 306 63

Patients with Stage I endometrial carcinoma need to be further subdivided into low or high risk for recurrence. Treatment consists of surgery, with or without pre- or postoperative radiation. The supposed advantages of preoperative radiation are questionable. Definitive treatment recommendations for Stage I can be made only for Stage IaG1, where surgery alone suffices. Stage II patients have a high survival (80-90%) if there is no spread beyond the uterus. Although doxorubicin is the most active chemotherapeutic agent, the response rate is low. Response to progesterone is high (30-40%), but complete responses of prolonged duration are few.
Oncology (Williston Park) 1987 Sep
PMID:Staging and current treatments for endometrial cancer. 307 88

Plasminogen activator activity (PAA) has been proposed as an indicator of aggressiveness of tumors and has been shown to be hormonally modulated. To test this hypotheses in human endometrial carcinoma, tumor explants were assayed for PAA secretion and the results correlated with histopathologic criteria of aggressiveness. The effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on PAA secretion was also investigated. Lower levels of PAA were found to be associated with tumors displaying aggressive tendencies. MPA generally decreased PAA secretion. No apparent correlation was found between estrogen or progesterone receptor concentrations and PAA levels.
Gynecol Oncol 1985 Sep
PMID:Plasminogen activator activity in human endometrial carcinoma. 316 Jun 38

In order to determine some important cytological behavioral characteristics of endometrial cancer, I tried to establish endometrial cancer cell lines. Three endometrial cancer cell lines (KKNS-1, KKNS-2, KKNS-3) derived from the same patient have been established and successfully maintained in vitro for more than one year. The cells formed a monolayer in a mosaic fashion and pile up. Pathological findings for the tumor induced in athymic nude mice were: KKNS-1 was undifferentiated, KKNS-2 was differentiated and KKNS-3 was undifferentiated. Population doubling time was calculated to be about 35(KKNS-1), 60(KKNS-2), and 28(KKNS-3) hours. The modal chromosomal number for the cells fell in the diploid range. Estrogen receptor was demonstrated only in KKNS-2 by the ER-EIA and ER-ICA methods. HLA-expression was demonstrated, HLA-ABC was positive in all three lines and HLA-DR was positive only in KKNS-2. Anticancer drug sensitivity was demonstrated only in KKNS-3. Hormone sensitivity was demonstrated only in KKNS-2. We must therefore carefully treat endometrial cancer patients with anticancer drug or hormonal therapy whose pathological findings are heterogeneous.
Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1988 Sep
PMID:[Establishment and characterization of three endometrial cancer cell lines from the same patient]. 317 Dec 71

From 1981 to 1986 a prospective study was conducted of University of Vienna, 1st gynecology department, for 708 patients with operated and postoperatively irradiated endometrial cancer. These patients were treated by total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and postoperative vaginal irradiation with high-dose-afterloading (iridium 192). A percutaneous irradiation (cobalt 60) was done in stage I cases only when myometrial infiltration was deep. Highly differentiated tumors with infiltration of the first and second third of the myometrium were treated by vaginal irradiation alone. Poorly differentiated tumors (G2, G3) with infiltration of the second and third third of the myometrium were treated by vaginal and percutaneous irradiation. A group of 125 cases with good prognosis (infiltration 1/3, G1) and with postoperative vaginal irradiation alone had the same five-year-survival of 83% as a group of 152 cases with bad prognosis (infiltration 2/3 and 3/3, G2 or G3) treated by vaginal and percutaneous irradiation. This result shows clearly the importance of additional irradiation of the pelvis in cases with bad prognosis factors. The incidence of radiation side effect in all 708 cases was: cystitis 4.6%, proctitis 5.2%, vaginal or rectal ulcers 1.4% and fistulas 0.2%. Cases with vaginal irradiation alone and with the optimal intravaginal fraction dose of 700 cGy (twice) had the lowest level of side effects: cystitis 3.8%, proctitis 2.1%, vaginal necrosis 0.7%, no further severe complications. None of the patients with postoperative vaginal irradiation alone had a vaginal recurrence. The incidence of recurrences in 708 patients was 1.6%. All recurrence cases in stage I (0.7%) had bad prognosis factors and were treated with vaginal and percutaneous irradiation. It is concluded that primary surgery of endometrial cancer should be followed by postoperative vaginal radiation. It appears that the remote afterloading treatment for vaginal radiation produces minimally complications and gives complete protection from radiation exposure to the medical staff. With additional external radiation in high-risk cases the same good result can be achieved as in cases with low-risk and vaginal radiation alone.
Strahlenther Onkol 1988 Sep
PMID:[Postoperative irradiation of carcinoma of the corpus uteri using the iridium afterloading technic]. 317 48


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