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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multiple systemic therapies have been used to treat patients with endometrial cancer. Although progestins have been the standard initial treatment for metastatic disease for the past 30 years, they are effective in only 20% of patients, and several large randomized trials have failed to demonstrate any benefit in the adjuvant setting. Alternative agents such as tamoxifen have shown modest activity. Few studies have investigated combinations of hormonally active drugs. Doxorubicin and cisplatin are the most active cytotoxic agents; a current randomized study is comparing the combination of these drugs with single-agent doxorubicin. Maximizing the effectiveness of established drugs, possibly with hematopoietic growth factors, and identifying alternative hormonal and cytotoxic agents with a sound scientific rationale will hopefully increase the effective treatment options for these patients.
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PMID:Systemic treatment of advanced and recurrent endometrial carcinoma: current status and future directions. 203 21

Thirteen patients with recurrent or advanced endometrial carcinoma were treated with a combination of doxorubicin (40 mg/m2 IV) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2 IV). All patients had been refractory to prior radiotherapy and hormone therapy. None of the patients had received prior chemotherapy. Six of the 13 patients (46%) achieved an objective response: 1 complete response (8%) and 5 partial responses (38%). Median overall survival was 10 months (range 3-20 months). Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide is an active combination in patients with advanced endometrial cancer.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced or recurrent adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. 220 36

A 60-year-old woman with recurrent stage II endometrial cancer (clear cell adenocarcinoma) was treated with combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin (CDDP). She had undergone abdominal radical hysterectomy (Okabayashi operation) and pelvic lymph node dissections. Endometrial cancerous tissue infiltrated the cervix and lymph nodes. Six months after the operation, the patient had ascites and dyspnea. She was given 25 mg CDDP intra-abdominally and combination chemotherapy containing CDDP (CAP: CDDP 100 mg, ADR 30 mg, CAP 500 mg) three times intravenously. After an administration of CDDP and combination chemotherapy, the amount of ascites and the serum level of CA 125 decreased remarkably. Although the combination chemotherapy containing CDDP for gynecological malignancy has not been sufficiently evaluated as for ovarian carcinomas, the therapy deserves further evaluation in patients with recurrent of endometrial cancer.
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PMID:[A case of recurrent endometrial cancer (clear cell adenocarcinoma) remarkably responsive to combination chemotherapy containing cisplatin]. 273 95

Sixteen patients with advanced (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III and IV) adenocarcinoma of the endometrium were treated with twelve 28-day cycles of doxorubicin and cisplatin. Response was achieved in 92% of patients (11 responses among 12 patients) who had received no prior chemotherapy and in 50% (two responses among four patients) of previously treated patients. Median survival was 10 months. Doxorubicin and cisplatin were readily administered on an outpatient basis with comparatively low major toxic effects, primarily hematologic, renal, and gastrointestinal. These results indicate that doxorubicin and cisplatin combination therapy is effective with acceptable toxicity in patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced endometrial carcinoma with doxorubicin and cisplatin: effects on both untreated and previously treated patients. 403 80

A review of single agents and combination chemotherapy, with or without progestins, in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma is presented. Doxorubicin, hexamethylmelamine, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum are considered to be the most active drugs for the treatment of this disease. To date, combination chemotherapy has not shown any advantage over single agent therapy. The role of progestins in the treatment depends upon the presence of progesterone receptor binding sites. Better designed, randomized multi-institutional trials, using these drug combinations or new agents, singly or in combination, are necessary to identify optimal chemotherapy for patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer.
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PMID:Nonhormonal chemotherapy in endometrial cancer--a review. 644 52

Based on 27 rare forms of carcinoma of the endometrium (adenoacanthomas, clear cell adenocarcinomas, mulleroblastomas, leiomyosarcomas), the authors discuss their observations and compare their findings with literature data. The only forms with a more favorable prognosis than cancer of the endometrium is pure adenoacanthoma. Delays in diagnosis remain all too frequent. Post-surgery treatment including chemotherapy appears preferable to surgery alone for these severe lesions which result more often in local recurrences than in pulmonary metastases. New chemotherapy associations (ADR-DTIC) have given results which justify their use, while radiotherapy and curietherapy reduce the number of recurrences, except for leiomyosarcomas.
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PMID:[27 cases of rare forms of cancer of the corpus uteri]. 653 26

A herbal complex consisting of Hoelen, Angelicae radix, Scutellariae radix and Glycyrrhizae radix suppressed cell viability and telomerase activity in hormone-refractory and chemo-resistant cancer cell lines, namely poorly differentiated uterine endometrial cancer cell line AN3 CA, adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cell line MCF7/ADR and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Furthermore, the herbal complex suppressed the expression of the full length of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), which is related to telomerase activity. This indicates that the herbal complex can suppress the tumor growth of chemoendocrine resistant cancers, at least in part via suppression of telomerase activity associated with down-regulated hTERT.
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PMID:Herbal complex suppresses telomerase activity in chemo-endocrine resistant cancer cell lines. 1176 37

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and its receptor are frequently expressed in human ovarian and endometrial cancers and are part of an autocrine mechanism of growth control. We have previously shown that the LHRH analog Triptorelin induces activation of nucleus factor kappa B (NFkappaB) and reduces apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in human ovarian cancer cells EFO-21 and EFO-27. The present study was performed to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of LHRH analogs on apoptosis induced by doxorubicin, UV-light and ligation of CD95 in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells. We further investigated the interaction of the LHRH system with the apoptotic pathway focusing on the effector-protease caspase 3. Doxorubicin (100 nM) induced apoptosis in the LHRH-receptor-positive human endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa and in the human ovarian cancer cell lines EFO-21 and NIH:OVCAR-3. Pretreatment for 24 h with native LHRH, the LHRH agonist Triptorelin or the LHRH antagonist Cetrorelix (100 nM) significantly reduced apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in these cells. In EFO-21 cells pretreatment with 100 nM Triptorelin also reduced UV-light-induced apoptosis from 76% to 62.7% (p<0.01). EFO-21 cells express CD95. Cross-linking of CD95 with monoclonal antibody anti-APO-1 (500 ng/ml) increased apoptosis from spontaneous rate to 10.3% to 38.3% in EFO-21 cells (p<0.001). Pre-treatment with Triptorelin did not reduce CD95-mediated apoptosis in these cells. LHRH analogs protect human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells from DNA-replication-dependent cytotoxic agent and UV-light-induced apoptosis, but not from CD95-mediated apoptosis.
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PMID:Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) inhibits apoptosis induced by cytotoxic agent and UV-light but not apoptosis mediated through CD95 in human ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. 1527 47

Endometrial cancer is a highly curable malignancy when it presents as uterine-confined disease, but the prognosis for metastatic or recurrent endometrial cancer is poor. The median survival of women enrolled in trials for recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer is only approximately 12 months. Hormonal therapy, most commonly with progestins, benefits a small group of patients. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is indicated as frontline treatment for the majority of women with metastatic or recurrent disease. Anthracyclines, platinum compounds, and taxanes consistently achieve response rates greater than 20% in single-agent trials of chemotherapy-naive patients. Combination chemotherapy typically produces higher response rates, although combination regimens have not always improved survival historically. Doxorubicin plus cisplatin has been accepted as the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) standard regimen based on phase III data. Recently, a COG randomized trial compared doxorubicin plus cisplatin to the triplet of doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, and it was found that the addition of paclitaxel significantly improved response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Moreover, chemotherapy has been reported to improve survival when
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PMID:Chemotherapy in endometrial cancer. 1698 69

Doxorubicin, platinum compounds, and taxanes represent the chemotherapeutic agents with the greatest activity in endometrial cancer. We conducted an optimal-dose determination of combination chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel (TXL), doxorubicin, and carboplatin (CBDCA) (TAC) in patients with endometrial cancer. Patients with epithelial endometrial cancer requiring adjuvant therapy were enrolled between June 2003 and March 2005. No patients had received prior radiotherapy, and only two patients had previously undergone chemotherapy. Doxorubicin was infused on day 1, and TXL followed by CBDCA was administered on day 2. The starting dose was doxorubicin 35 mg/m(2), TXL 120 mg/m(2), and CBDCA area under the curve (AUC). The dose of each agent was gradually escalated. Patients were scheduled to receive at least four cycles of therapy. If patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia or neutropenic fever with grade 3 neutropenia, they were permitted to be administered granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after the second course. Twenty-seven patients were enrolled. Although four patients out of 27 experienced dose-limiting toxicities, a maximum tolerated dose was not established at the final dose level. Five patients (three for recurrent and two for advanced) had measurable lesions. There were four responders (three for partial response and one for complete response) in our series. The recommended dose of TAC therapy for endometrial cancer was doxorubicin 45 mg/m(2) for day 1, TXL 150 mg/m(2) and CBDCA AUC 5 for day 2.
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PMID:Phase I trial of paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and carboplatin (TAC) for the treatment of endometrial cancer. 1729 Dec 55


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