Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Electrophoresis of cytosol prepared from normal and malignant tissue samples of uterine cervix and endometrium revealed interesting differences which may be relevant to the characteristic alterations in glucose metabolism associated with tumour development. Hexokinase II was detected in 30% of the cancer material from both sources, but in none of the samples of normal cervix. A duplet band of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrognease was seen in the majority of the cancer samples but in no sample of normal cervix; it appeared to be partly due to ageing of the sample, and is not phenotypically related to the malignant process. Analysis of genetic variance for phosphoglucomutase at the PGM1 locus revealed a highly significant excess of the PGM1-1 phenotype in patients with cancer of the endometrium, which may reflect susceptibility to endometrial cancer in patients with this phenotype. At the PGM2 locus, samples of malignant cervix were deficient in "Band f" compared with normal cervix samples, all of which showed this band. Conversely, gene products of the PGM3 locus were found in most samples of malignant cervix and a small minority of normal cervix samples. Compared with the isomorphic distribution of lactate dehydrogenase enzymes in normal uterine tissue, cancers showed a shift towards either a more anodal or a more cathodal pattern. The former may be associated with tumours enjoying a good oxygen supply, and the latter with tumours which, because of their depth or poor blood supply have to function under less aerobic conditions.
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PMID:Isoenzymes of hexokinase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase and lactate dehydrogenase in uterine cancer. 50 67

In attempt to identify patients with ovarian carcinoma and differentiate them from patients with benign ovarian tumor or other gynecological malignancies, peritoneal fluid and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured in 51 patients: 15 with ovarian carcinoma, 15 with endometrial carcinoma, 4 with cervical carcinoma, and 17 with benign ovarian tumor. Peritoneal fluid and serum LDH levels in ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher than those in patients with benign ovarian tumor (P < 0.001) or other gynecological malignancies (P < 0.001 and P < 0.03, respectively). Yet, peritoneal fluid LDH demonstrated higher diagnostic sensitivity (87%) and greater diagnostic accuracy (90%) than serum LDH (60 and 77%, respectively) or serum CA-125 (73 and 83%, respectively). Comparing the histological types of ovarian cancer, serous cystadenocarcinoma presented higher peritoneal fluid LDH levels than endometrioid or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. No difference in peritoneal fluid LDH was observed comparing different stages of ovarian cancer. The results suggest that peritoneal fluid LDH may be an efficient biochemical marker in diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Peritoneal fluid lactate dehydrogenase in ovarian cancer. 929 52

We describe a 65-year-old woman with a large surgically unresectable and chemoresistant liver metastasis of endometrial carcinoma who was treated by infusion with peripheral blood T cells stimulated with tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DC). Extensive in vitro characterization of the DC-activated T cells included phenotypic analysis, cytotoxicity, and intracellular cytokine secretion. High cytotoxicity was observed against autologous tumor cells, but not against NK-sensitive K562 cells, autologous Con-A lymphoblasts, or autologous Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cells. Blocking studies demonstrated that lytic activity was HLA class I restricted. Two-color flow cytometric analysis revealed that a significant proportion of CD8+ T cells was also CD56+, and analysis of intracellular IFN-gamma and IL-4 expression suggested a type 1 cytokine bias. The patient was treated by three infusions of tumor-specific T cells at 3- to 4-week intervals, and in vivo distribution of the T cells was followed by (111)In oxine labeling and serial gamma camera imaging. Tumor localization and accumulation of labeled lymphocytes was consistently detected at serial time points following each injection. However, deep infiltration of the large tumor mass by activated T cells was minimal, as evaluated in 3 dimensions by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging. Transient serum increases of the tumor marker lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were detectable after each injection. Similar posttreatment elevations were seen for serum uric acid and potassium. Clinically, stabilization of the large liver metastasis was obtained during treatment. Collectively, these results indicate that tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses can be generated in patients with endometrial cancer, and suggest that T-cell immunotherapy may be of therapeutic value in patients harboring metastatic disease.
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PMID:Development and therapeutic effect of adoptively transferred T cells primed by tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in a patient with metastatic endometrial cancer. 1072 62

In diagnosing endometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding analysis of lactate dehydrogenase, LD, isoenzymes in uterine aspirates appeared to have 100 percent sensitivity and negative predictive value combined with high specificity and positive predictive value. Determination of the LD-profile is suggested as a marker for endometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasonography might be combined with determination of the LD-isoenzyme profile to secure the diagnosis of endometrial malignancy in order to minimize the use of other more invasive diagnostic methods.
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PMID:[LD isoenzyme in uterine aspirates a potential marker of endometrial cancer. Investigation of postmenopausal bleeding can be simpler and cheaper]. 1611 Nov 3

Postmenopausal patients with vaginal bleeding (n = 72) were evaluated with the combination of transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) and analysis of the lactate dehydrogenase (LD) isoenzyme activity profile in uterine fluid aspirates. TVS evaluation of the endometrium was classified as <5 mm, > or =5 mm, or poorly defined. The LD isoenzyme activity profile was characterized as abnormal or normal. Pathologic findings were further evaluated with diagnostic curettage. TVS found the endometrium to be > or =5 mm or poorly defined in 44 patients (61%). Endometrial carcinoma was found in 6 of 72 patients (8%). They appeared in the TVS groups endometrium >5 mm (n = 2) and endometrium poorly defined (n = 4) but not in the endometrium <5 mm. The LD isoenzyme activity profile was abnormal in the six malignant cases and in ten benign cases. Thus, the need for further evaluation with hysteroscopy and curettage was reduced to 16 cases. Since TVS had 100% sensitivity but only 42% specificity, it is suitable for first-level examination in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. The second-level method should have similarly high sensitivity but much higher specificity. The LD isoenzyme activity profile in uterine fluid aspirates had 100% sensitivity and 85% specificity. Another important feature is that the method is not sensitive to endometrial thickness, amount of sample, sampling device, or dilution. Thus, it is more reliable than aspiration histology. For every hysteroscopy or curettage that can be replaced by LD analysis, the cost is reduced by approximately EUR 720 or 540, respectively.
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PMID:Transvaginal ultrasound and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activity profile in uterine aspirate for diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding. 1736 17

Anti-inflammatory effects of elm tree have been shown in several studies. Besides this, protective effects of components of elm bark on damaged tissue have also been described. This study was carried out to investigate the antitumour potential of an ethanolic extract isolated from Ulmus laevis in the hormone-dependent endometrial carcinoma cell line RL95-2. A range of 2.5-500 microg/ml of elm bark extract was used as standard concentrations. The molecular-chemical composition of the bark extract was analysed by pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry. The influence of the bark extracts was determined on cell vitality [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide test], cell proliferation (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine test) and cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase test) in the human endometrial carcinoma cell line RL 95-2. By pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry, the main substance classes of the extract as a composition of sterols/triterpenes, free fatty acids and a group of phenols, lignin monomers and flavonoids was identified. Our study showed a significant inhibition of cell vitality and proliferation measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide test up to 5 microg/ml extract and up to 100 microg/ml according to the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine test. Concentrations of 500 microg/ml induced a significant inhibition of cell vitality up to 80% and cell proliferation up to 81.5%. A significant cytotoxity was not observed. The results lead to the assumption that the bark extract from Ulmus laevis has antiproliferation and anticancer potential in hormone-dependent endometrial carcinoma cells.
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PMID:Inhibitory effects of bark extracts from Ulmus laevis on endometrial carcinoma: an in-vitro study. 1933 64

We evaluated the use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for the diagnosis of uterine sarcomas. FDG-PET combined with serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were compared with FDG-PET alone for the diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas (LMS), which are the most difficult uterine sarcomas to diagnose. FDG-PET imaging of endometrial cancer (EC) was used as a reference. Immunoreactivity for glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-I) correlated with FDG uptake was evaluated in sarcomas and leiomyomas (LM), including cases not examined by FDG-PET. FDG was injected after at least 5 h fasting and standardized uptake values (SUVs) were analyzed quantitatively 50-70 min after injection. Immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 was studied in paraffin sections of tumors using anti-GLUT-1 antibodies and GLUT-1 expression scores were derived based on staining intensities. FDG-PET was performed preoperatively in a total of 53 patients including 10 with sarcomas, 19 with EC and 24 with LM. Immunohistochemical examination was performed in 17 sarcomas, 6 EC and 9 LM [6 usual LM, 1 uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (UMP), and 2 bizarre LM (BLM)]. SUVs for uterine sarcomas and EC were significantly higher (p=0.0001) than those for LMs. There were no significant differences in SUVs among ECs, carcinosarcomas (CS) and LMS. Significant differences in SUVs existed between LM and LMS (p=0.003). However, the diagnostic accuracy for LMS was only 73%. The diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET combined with serum LDH was 100%. GLUT-1 expression scores were significantly higher in sarcomas and EC than in LM (p<0.0001). Intermediate GLUT-1 scores were found in two of the three cases of UMP and BLM. In conclusion, FDG-PET is useful for diagnosing uterine sarcomas, while FDG-PET combined with serum LDH is useful for diagnosing LMS. Immunohistochemical examination of GLUT-1 confirmed the high FDG uptake in LMS patients.
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PMID:Use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for diagnosis of uterine sarcomas. 2020 93

High rates of aerobic glycolysis represent a key mechanism by which endometrial cancer cells consume glucose as its primary energy source. The up-regulated glycolytic pathway is a common therapeutic target whose inhibition has implications for anti-tumor activity in cancer cells. The present study was aimed at evaluating the potential of a novel lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor, Galloflavin, as a therapeutic agent for endometrial cancer. Our results revealed that Galloflavin effectively inhibited cell growth in endometrial cancer cell lines and primary cultures of human endometrial cancer through its involvement in multiple signaling pathways that regulate metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell stress and metastasis.
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PMID:Evaluation of the anti-tumor effects of lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor galloflavin in endometrial cancer cells. 2563 26