Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-three patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma no longer amenable to management with surgery or radiotherapy were treated with adriamycin. Sixteen of the 43 patients demonstrated objective response to drug therapy with a greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the size of measurable disease. There were 11 complete responses among these 16 responders. Responders had a significantly better survival than nonresponders (P less than 0.05). Initial performance status was the only factor of demonstrable prognostic significance. Toxicity was similar to that observed in other phase II trials of adriamycin. Adriamycin, based on these data, is an active agent in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Phase II trial of adriamycin in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 36 91

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an aggressive malignancy that accounts for a disproportionate number of intraabdominal failures among endometrial carcinoma patients. The histologic appearance and tendency toward intraabdominal spread resemble those of papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Because approximately 70% of untreated ovarian carcinoma patients respond to platinum-based chemotherapy, it has been suggested that UPSC patients might respond to similar treatment regimens. Twenty patients with UPSC were treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide (PAC) chemotherapy between January 1982 and December 1989. They included 9 patients with advanced primary disease, 5 with recurrence, and 6 who received PAC as adjuvant therapy. Patients received a mean of five cycles of PAC. Only 2 of 11 patients with measurable disease greater than 2 cm achieved complete clinical responses of 12 and 31 months duration; there were no partial responses. Actuarial 5-year survival for all patients was 23%. The mean progression-free interval was 9 months. Patients with clinical stages I or II disease had a higher survival rate than those with stage III or IV disease (P = 0.003). Survival did not correlate with depth of myometrial invasion (P = 0.81) or size of residual tumor following initial surgery (P = 0.16). Estrogen or progesterone receptors were detected in 10 of 11 tumors tested. Seven of 9 patients tested had elevated serum levels of CA-125 (greater than 35 U/ml). Correlation between CA-125 value and clinical course was demonstrated in 3 of 5 patients who had serial measurements. Of all patients, 3 are currently alive; 1 has documented disease. Moderate to severe toxicity was seen in 14 patients (70%). There was one possible treatment-related death from cardiomyopathy. UPSC, despite its histologic and clinical similarities to ovarian carcinoma, was relatively resistant to PAC chemotherapy in this mixed group of patients.
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PMID:Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) treated with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC). 152 8

Four patients with recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer have undergone combination chemotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and Cisplatin (CAP). All drugs were administered by I.V. on day 1 in the following doses: Cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, Adriamycin 50 mg/m2 and Cisplatin 50 mg/m2. The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks and continued as long as there was disease progression. Two complete clinical responses and two partial responses were achieved. Based on these good results, we have initiated post-operative prophylactic chemotherapy using CAP in high risk patients. Adverse effects including myelo-suppression, nausea, and vomiting, and alopecia were seen in almost all patients. In no case, however, did any patient experience life-threatening toxicity. Based on our experience, CAP therapy appears tolerable when used per our schedule.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cisplatin in recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer--a preliminary report]. 292 85

An attempt was made using dose intensity to resolve some of the conflicting issues regarding chemotherapy in ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. Analyses were done to determine if dose intensity correlates with outcome of first-line and salvage chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer and chemotherapy of advanced endometrial cancer. The concept of dose intensity was used to analyze the relative contributions of individual drugs, such as cyclophosphamide, hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) and cisplatin to outcome, and to suggest how such drugs should be used in combination.
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PMID:The application of dose intensity to problems in chemotherapy of ovarian and endometrial cancer. 312 Mar 17

Anthracyclines, especially Adriamycin stand as a major progress in cancer chemotherapy: in ovarian carcinoma anthracyclines are combined to cyclophosphamide and cisplatin to obtain a rapid and complete remission; in endometrial carcinoma Adriamycin is the most active drug for palliative treatment; in soft-tissue sarcomas, anthracyclines in combination with other drugs give 15 to 65% response rates (8 months of median duration) in metastatic situation; except in one study (NCl), all adjuvant studies with these drugs are actually negative.
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PMID:[Importance of anthracyclines in tumors of the ovary and endometrium and soft tissue sarcomas]. 355 Jun 6

RL-95, a moderately well-differentiated adenosquamous endometrial carcinoma cell line, can be used as a model for testing chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. Cells are grown in T-75 flasks, transferred to scintillation vials, and grown for 24 hr. Following this, medium is removed and new medium containing Adriamycin (Adr) and cis-platinum (CP) is added. Effects of the two drugs are measured by cell counts and DNA synthesis. To measure DNA synthesis, cells are incubated with [3H]thymidine (3H-THY) for up to 24 hr. Decreased DNA synthesis is reflected in decreased 3H-THY uptake. Cell kill is obtained with levels of drugs that are clinically achievable. Evidence is presented for increased cytotoxicity with concomitant, rather than sequential, chemotherapy. Results are also confirmed by testing the agent on MCF-7, a well-known breast cancer cell line. The results indicate that (1) endometrial carcinoma responds to Adriamycin and cis-platinum chemotherapeutic agents in vitro, and (2) RL-95 can be used as a model for testing varying concentrations, time of exposure, and combinations of chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:The use of a human endometrial carcinoma cell line (RL-95) for in vitro testing of chemotherapeutic agents. 365 67

Fifty consecutive patients with documented advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma from 1978 through 1985 were prospectively treated with melphalan, 5-fluorouracil, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MFP) as first-line chemotherapy. From 1987 through 1993, 50 consecutive patients with documented advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma were prospectively treated with cisplatin, Adriamycin, etoposide, megestrol acetate (PAV-M) as first-line chemotherapy. Response rates for MFP versus PAV-M, 2- and 5-year survival, median survival, 2- and 5-year progression-free survival, and median progression-free survival were not statistically different. However, there was a significant improvement favoring PAV-M in 2-year (45 versus 14%), 5-year (30 versus 5%), and median survival (22.3 versus 8.7 months) (P = 0.008) compared to MFP in patients with primary advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in 2- and 5-year and median survival (55 and 15% and 26.7 months) for PAV-M compared to MFP (7 and 0% and 7.3 months) (P = 0.002) for the more aggressive other adenocarcinomas (adenosquamous, clear cell, papillary serous, undifferentiated) compared to the more common endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The current data suggest that cisplatin- and adriamycin-based chemotherapy results in some long-term survival benefit for patients with primary advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma and the more aggressive nonendometrioid adenocarcinoma histologies.
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PMID:Cisplatin, adriamycin, etoposide, megestrol acetate versus melphalan, 5-fluorouracil, medroxyprogesterone acetate in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. 759 Apr 80

Endometrial carcinoma is considered a tumor which does not respond well to chemotherapeutic treatment. Among the various mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy which are under investigation, two of them (multidrug resistance, mediated by P-glycoprotein, and glutathione-S-transferase-pi [GST-pi] overexpression) are of great interest for gynecologic oncologists, because they involve several drugs commonly used in practice, among which Adriamycin and cisplatin are probably the most important ones. We have studied 23 human endometrial carcinomas of different histological varieties and 3 normal endometrial samples for the overexpression of both P-glycoprotein and GST-pi by means of immunohistochemistry. Both resistance markers were detectable in all tumor samples, and in normal endometrial tissue as well. The concomitant intrinsic overexpression of these two resistance mechanisms may in part explain why these tumors tend to be extremely resistant to chemotherapy.
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PMID:Intrinsic overexpression of two different mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy (P-glycoprotein and GST-pi) in human endometrial carcinoma. 791 81

The prognosis of recurrent endometrial carcinomas is generally poor, except for isolated vaginal relapse. We report a case of recurrent endometrial cancer in a 58-year-old woman who initially received a type I extended hysterectomy with bilateral salpin-go-oophorectomy and bilateral para-aortic and pelvic lymph node dissection. The first recurrence occurred in the left parametrium 7 months after the primary surgery. The salvage therapy consisted of radiotherapy combined with hormonal therapy (tamoxifen and Megace). Complete remission was achieved initially. Subsequently, the patient accepted six courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin and Adriamycin) for progressive elevation of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125). The CA-125 levels remained elevated with titers fluctuating around 100 U/ml until a second recurrence at the left iliac 75 months following salvage therapy. The second salvage treatment consisted of maximal debulking of the pelvic mass and intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) followed by four courses of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. Complete remission was again accomplished, with clinical investigations and molecular markers returning to normal. The patient has been clinically free of disease for more than 2 years since the second relapse of cancer. In this particular case, we found that repeated recurrence could occur after a long complete remission following salvage therapy; however, the disease could be recontrolled with further aggressive salvage efforts. A multimodality approach with combinations of radical resection, IORT, and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy can be offered to patients with localized recurrent or repeatedly recurrent endometrial carcinoma after previous cisplatin-based chemotherapy and pelvic radiation.
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PMID:Radical resection and intraoperative radiotherapy for a recurrent endometrial cancer after prolonged remission following aggressive salvage therapy: case report. 1069 17

The available monolayer culture systems for the study of bone metastases constitute a suboptimal simulation of the in vivo pathophysiology of bone metastases, and therefore, do not provide sufficient information to assess the morphologic evidence of bone reaction to cancer cells, the nature of cell-specific mediators of osteolysis and osteoplasia and the response to treatment. Therefore, we have developed a three-dimensional (3-D) type I collagen gel system that allows co-culture of human osteoblasts (MG-63) with cancer cells, such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 or ZR-75 breast cancer cells, PC-3 prostate cancer, KLE endometrial cancer cells and Calu-1 lung cancer cells. We used type I collagen purified from rat tail tendons and the 3-D system was prepared by mixing MG-63 cells with type I collagen in 24-well plates. The 3-D system was inoculated with cancer cells and processed with standard cell culture procedures. After 1 week of culture, the matrix gel was fixed with formalin and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were stained with trichrome Masson stain and modified Masson-Goldner stain, as well as analyzed by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and the TUNEL technique for semi-quantitative detection of apoptotic cell death, assessing the response to adriamycin therapy. The inoculation of PC-3 cells in this collagen matrix produced a blastic reaction, documented by an increased number of MG-63 cells and increased density of type I collagen. The human KLE cells and inoculation of cell-free media produced no reaction, while ZR-75, MCF-7 and Calu-1 cells produced local degradation of the collagen matrix. In situ hybridization revealed the expression of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) mRNA, while immunohistochemistry detected differential expression of uPA and cathepsin D. Adriamycin induced apoptotic cell death in prostate cancer cells and estrogen receptor negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, while adriamycin did not induce apoptosis but cytostasis in ER+ MCF-7 cells. The adriamycin-induced apoptosis was inhibited by co-culture with osteoblast-like cells (MG-63). We conclude that this 3-D culture system is a useful in vitro model allowing the analysis of local mediators of osteolytic and osteoblastic reactions to bone metastases and treatment response.
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PMID:Three-dimensional type I collagen co-culture systems for the study of cell-cell interactions and treatment response in bone metastases. 1575 11


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