Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A randomized pilot trial was performed to evaluate the feasibility of administration of glutathione (GSH, 1200 mg, i.v.) as a protector in preventing diarrhea in patients operated on for endometrial cancer and submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy of the pelvis. Diarrhea occurred in 52% of patients in the untreated control group and only in 28% of patients in the GSH-treated group. Our preliminary data indicate that GSH administered before radiotherapy reduced the occurrence of diarrhea from oxidative damage to the intestinal mucosa. A large-scale phase III study is required to obtain definitive conclusions on the protective potential of GSH.
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PMID:Adjuvant radiotherapy of the pelvis with or without reduced glutathione: a randomized trial in patients operated on for endometrial cancer. 129 31

Autologous lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) were administered intraperitoneally (IP) to 24 patients with malignancies limited to the peritoneal space. Ten patients had ovarian cancer, 12 had colorectal cancer, and one patient each had endometrial carcinoma and primary small-bowel adenocarcinoma. All ovarian cancer patients, three of twelve colorectal cancer patients, and one patient with endometrial carcinoma had received prior therapy. Patients received IL-2 100,000 U/kg every 8 hours intravenously (IV) for 3 days, and 2 days later underwent daily leukapheresis for 5 days. LAK cells were generated in vitro by incubating the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in IL-2 for 7 days and were then administered IP daily for 5 days through a Tenckhoff catheter (Davol, Inc, Cranston, RI) together with IL-2 25,000 U/kg IP every 8 hours. All but one patient completed at least one cycle of therapy. Toxic side effects included minor to moderate hypotension, fever, chills, rash, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, oliguria, fluid retention, thrombocytopenia, and minor elevations of liver function tests; all of these rapidly improved after discontinuation of IL-2. One patient had a grand mal seizure, and one suffered a colonic perforation; these were felt to be treatment-related. IP fibrosis developed in 14 patients and limited repeated cyclic administration of this therapy in five patients. Two of 10 (20%) ovarian cancer patients and five of 12 (42%) colorectal cancer patients had laparoscopy- or laparotomy-documented partial responses. We conclude that LAK cells and rIL-2 can be administered IP to cancer patients, resulting in moderate to severe short-term toxicity and modest therapeutic efficacy. Further investigation of this form of adoptive immunotherapy modified to address the problem of IP fibrosis and with lower IP IL-2 doses is justified by these initial results.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal lymphokine-activated killer-cell and interleukin-2 therapy for malignancies limited to the peritoneal cavity. 221 99

Disease-oriented phase II trials of doxifluridine were performed in advanced colorectal, breast, renal, endometrial, stomach, and ovarian carcinomas. The dose schedule recommended by the phase I trial (12.5 g/m2 by continuous iv infusion over 6 hours once a week for 3 weeks followed by a 1-week rest) was chosen first: the initial dose was later decreased to 10 g/m2 due to the fact that several neurotoxic effects were reported. A total of 207 patients were entered: 137 patients who received at least two courses of treatment were evaluable for response. Therapeutic activity was demonstrated in breast cancer [two complete responses (CR) and 13 partial responses (PR) among 42 patients], colon cancer (seven PRs among 35 patients), and rectal cancer (six PRs among 23 patients). Some therapeutic activity was detected in ovarian cancer (one CR among nine patients), endometrial cancer (one PR among five patients), and stomach cancer (one PR among five patients). No significant activity was noticed in renal cancer (one PR among 18 patients). Nonhematological toxicity was evaluated according to World Health Organization criteria. Nausea and vomiting were recorded in 50% of the patients (Grade 3-4 in 5%), diarrhea was recorded in 20% (Grade 3-4 in 5%), and cutaneous and allergic reactions were recorded in 10% (Grade 3-4 in 2%). Myelotoxicity during the first treatment course was mild; median wbc and platelet count nadirs (x 10(9) cells/L) were 4.1 (range, 0.1-11) and 194 (range, 20-482), respectively. Nevertheless, some cases of acute leukopenia and thrombopenia were reported. Consciousness alterations and neurologic symptoms were the major side effects (72 of 173 evaluable patients), since treatment had to be interrupted in 34 patients and four lethal neurotoxic effects occurred. At the same total dose of doxifluridine, the risk of neurotoxicity significantly increases with age and with the weekly dose and to the contrary it decreases with increasing bilirubin level. Although activity was demonstrated, this treatment cannot be recommended because of major neurotoxicity. Further pharmacological studies seem warranted to define the optimal dosage schedule and to obtain a better therapeutic index.
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PMID:Phase II clinical evaluation of doxifluridine. 294 45

Recombinant interferon alpha-2 (Sch 30500) was administered to 29 patients with advanced gynecological cancers (14 patients with cancer of the cervix, 8 with ovarian cancer, 4 with uterine sarcoma, 2 with endometrial cancer and 1 with unclassified cancer). No antitumor effects (CR and PR) were noted in 23 evaluable patients. Side effects observed were fever, tachycardia, diarrhea, chills, general fatigue, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. In some patients, leukopenia, decrease of hemoglobin and elevation of SGOT and SGPT were observed. No production of antibody for Sch 30500 was noted.
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PMID:[Clinical study of recombinant interferon alpha-2 (Sch 30500) in advanced gynecological cancers]. 389 57

The effect of radiotherapy treatment unit and technique on body weight loss during 5 to 6 weeks of pelvic irradiation was assessed in 129 patients with cervix or endometrial cancer. The patients treated with the 60Co APPA technique lost 2.91 +/- 2.28 percent, whereas the patients treated with the 10-MV APPA technique lost only 1.30 +/- 2.58 percent (P = 0.003). The patients treated with the 60Co "box" technique lost 4.36 +/- 3.85 percent and the patients treated with the 10-MV "box" technique lost 2.00 +/- 2.69 percent (P = 0.04). Patients treated with 60Co experienced more nausea during treatment than the 10-MV patients but the incidence of diarrhea was similar for the treatment units. Weight loss during radiotherapy was somewhat greater for cervix patients and for patients having advanced disease but was not adversely affected by previous pelvic surgery. We conclude technical factors such as treatment unit and technique can influence the amount of weight lost by patients during pelvic irradiation.
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PMID:Weight loss during pelvic irradiation: cobalt-60 vs. 10 MV. 743 84

In recent years, we treated recurrent uterine endometrial cancer by combined therapy including CDDP. But in poor cases, like renal failure and such, it is difficult to perform the therapy. Two cases of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer treated earlier with MPA were presently treated with an addition of etoposide. The first case was given etoposide (50 mg/m2/day 4 times for 21 days by oral administration). The target tumor mass was reduced in size, occult blood vanished, and the tumor marker was reduced. The other case was treated with etoposide, 50 mg/body/day for 21 days by oral administration, but because of diarrhea, the dose had to be decreased to 25 mg/body/day every day. The tumor marker was reduced and genital bleeding vanished. These cases suggested that etoposide-MPA combined therapy might be effective for recurrent uterine endometrial cancer of well-differentiated type.
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PMID:[Treatment of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer in adjuvant therapy with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in addition of etoposide]. 782 70

It has been reported that the antitumor effect of CPT-11 is manifested through the inhibition of topoisomerase I by SN-38 which is an active metabolite of CPT-11 produced by intracellular carboxylesterase, and that CPT-11 is effective against recurrent ovarian carcinoma. We investigated the antitumor effect and adverse reactions in the combined therapy with CPT-11 and CDDP in patients with prior chemotherapy for recurrent carcinoma, and in 7 patients without prior chemotherapy, consisting of 4 patients with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for clear cell carcinoma and 3 patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. CDDP was administered on day 1 and CPT-11 was administered three times on days 1, 8 and 15. The dose of both CDDP and CPT-11 was 50 mg/m2 or 60 mg/m2. Adverse reactions were investigated in all patients and the antitumor effect was assessed in 12 patients with recurrent carcinoma who had measurable lesions. (1) The DLF was neutropenia. The neutrophil count nadiar occurred on day 18 or 19. Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions were observed in 60% or more of the patients, but they disappeared following short term administration of G-CSF. In patients with recurrent carcinoma given CDDP and CPT-11 at 60 mg/m2, the incidence of grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions and number of occasions on which CPT-11 administration had to be postponed were higher than those in patients given 50 mg/m2. (2) Mild platelet reduction was observed. (3) Grade 3 or 4 diarrhea was observed in 3.2% of patients with recurrent carcinoma and in 7.7% of patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. (4) The antitumor effect was evaluated in 12 patients with recurrent carcinoma: CR in 2 patients. PR in 3, NC in 6, and PD in one. The response rate was 41.7%. (5) An antitumor effect was observed in 2 patients with serous carcinoma and in one patient each with mucous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. In conclusion, adverse reactions caused by the combination therapy with CPT-11 and CDDP (CPT-11: 50-60 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15, CDDP: 50-60 mg/m2 on day 1) can be relieved by short term administration of G-CSF and it is suggested that the combination therapy may be effective in treating ovarian carcinoma.
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PMID:[Combination of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) and cisplatin as a new regimen for patients with advanced ovarian cancer]. 884 Oct 50

A Gynecologic Oncology Group Phase I study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of whole abdominal radiation therapy with concurrent weekly cisplatin in patients with surgical International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage III and IV endometrial carcinoma. Cisplatin 15 mg/m2 was given once weekly during radiation therapy to the whole abdomen with a pelvic boost and optional para-aortic radiation. All eight patients received the prescribed dose of radiation therapy. Cisplatin chemotherapy was halted in one patient due to increased serum creatinine after three cycles. Acute adverse effects were within acceptable limits, with one patient admitted to the hospital after completion of treatment for diarrhea. Hematopoietic toxicity was clinically unimportant. Serious late toxicities included one radiation enteritis requiring a bowel resection and chylous ascites in one patient. There was no late renal damage reported. This regimen appears to be tolerated acutely and the late toxicities were similar to those seen with whole abdominal radiation therapy alone.
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PMID:A phase I study of weekly cisplatin and whole abdominal radiation for the treatment of stage III and IV endometrial carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group pilot study. 894 62

We encountered two chemotherapy cases related to anticancer drug-induced colitis. Case 1 was a 35-yo-female with a recurrence of ovarian cancer. She was treated with intraarterial infusion consisting of continuous 5-fluorouracil (250 mg/day 5 days/week x 4) following low-dose consecutive cisplatin (20 mg/day 5 days/ week x 1). The catheter was inserted into the abdominal aorta about 2 cm above the carina of the common iliac arteries. Six weeks after the start of chemotherapy, severe abdominal pain and melena occurred. Case 2 was a 68-yo-female with an endometrial cancer recurrence. The same intraarterial chemotherapy used in case 1 was was initiated. Four weeks after the start of chemotherapy, before intraarterial infusion of CDDP, she suffered from constipation and than diarrhea, abdominal pain and melena. Both cases were diagnosed as anticancer drug-induced colitis with the pathological findings from colon biopsy and the clinical course, and improved in about 1 month with the discontinuation of intraarterial infusion, fasting and TPN. Intraarterial infusion of only CDDP caused both patients no intestinal symptoms, so it is supposed that intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil induced the colitis. Anticancer drug-induced colitis should be taken into consideration as a rare but possible course of chemotherapy-related complication with intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil.
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PMID:[Anticancer drug-induced colitis--case report and review of the literature]. 908 99

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and occurrence of late intestinal side effects were assessed 3-4 years after pelvic radiotherapy for carcinoma of the endometrium and cervix. During 1988-1990, 143 women were included in a clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a low fat, low lactose diet on radiation-induced diarrhoea. Of 94 survivors, 79 (84%) answered the request. HRQOL was assessed by the EORTC QLQ-C36 and compared with population-based norms. The women scored lower than the general population on role functioning (81.5 versus 90.6 (p < 0.01)) and higher on diarrhoea (23.8 versus 9.5 (p < 0.01)). Compared with pre-treatment conditions, an increase in cases with pain in the lower back, hips and thighs was seen. Substantial pain and diarrhoea were associated with deterioration in HRQOL. In conclusion, few treatment and/or disease-related effects were detected 3-4 years after radiotherapy, with the exception of increased bowel frequency and pain in the lower back, hips and thighs.
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PMID:Health-related quality of life and occurrence of intestinal side effects after pelvic radiotherapy--evaluation of long-term effects of diagnosis and treatment. 1085 7


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