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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, human uterine endometrial estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in normal menstrual cycle were estimated, and biochemical characterization of ER and PR in normal endometrium and endometrial carcinoma were also investigated. Following results were obtained in this study. In normal menstrual cycle, ER and PR levels in endometrial cytosol gradually rose to peaks in the late proliferative phase, but PR in nuclear fraction rose to a peak in the early secretory phase. Scatchard analysis of ER in normal endometrium and myometrium contains two estradiol (E2) binding sites with dissociation constants (Kd) of 10(-9) M and 10(-10) M, but endometrial carcinoma contains a single population of E2 binding site with Kd's 10(-10) M. Total binding sites for ER and PR of normal endometrium have 2 approximately 3 times much more than those of endometrial carcinoma. In normal endometrium, specific binding of 40nM 3HE2 on isoelectric focusing (IEF) indicated three binding activities with elution pH's (EPH) of 4, 6 and 8. But specific binding of 2nM 3HE2 indicated only one binding activity with EPH of 6 in endometrial carcinoma. Specific binding of EPH 6 indicated high affinity ER (type 1 ER) and specific binding of EPH 8 indicated low affinity ER (type 2 ER) in the result of IEF and Scatchard analysis. Loss of type 2 receptor is important result in endometrial carcinoma. The above results suggest that increase in blood E2 level increases endometrial ER and PR, and increase in blood progesterone level after ovulation decreases endometrial ER and PR for anti-ER and PR effect of progesterone. If type 2 ER could transport hormone receptor complex to the nucleus, loss of type 2 ER would be the important cause of ER and PR decrease and get resistance of hormone therapy to endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:[Biochemical analysis of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in normal uterus and endometrial carcinoma]. 356 7

Regulation of progesterone receptor (PR) in human endometrial carcinoma was investigated in vivo in a multisite nude mouse tumor experimental system by estrogen administration and withdrawal. The cytosolic PR concentration was low in tumors grown in the absence of 17 beta-estradiol, but increased rapidly upon estrogen administration, reaching a maximal receptor concentration of 1.4-1.6 pmol/mg cytosol protein within 7 days. Protein blot analysis using a monoclonal antibody (hPRa 1) raised against PR from EnCa 101 showed no immunoreactivity in tumors grown in the absence of estrogen. Immunoreactive proteins of mol wt 116,000 and 81,000 were detectable 8 h after estrogen administration and increased in intensity as the cytosolic PR concentration increased. Interestingly, the protein of mol wt 116,000 was composed of mol wt isoforms and was detectable as a doublet 8 h after estrogen administration and finally as a triplet. The effect of estrogen withdrawal on EnCa 101 PR concentration and structure was determined by removal of 17 beta-estradiol pellets (200 pg/ml plasma) from EnCa 101-bearing animals after achievement of maximal tumor PR concentrations. The PR concentration in tumor cytosols decreased in a biphasic manner after estrogen removal, with the initial rapid phase having a half-life of around 2 days. Cytosolic PR was still detectable 21 days after estrogen withdrawal. Protein blot analysis showed that immunoreactive proteins of mol wt 116,000 and 81,000 were also detectable up to that time. Photoaffinity labeling with [3H]R5020 demonstrated that the 81,000 mol wt protein, as well as each of the triplet proteins at mol wt 116,000, was specifically photoaffinity labeled. The 116,000-mol wt protein was detected as a triplet on protein blots until 13 days after estrogen withdrawal, when diminution in the intensity of the highest mol wt triplet protein was noted.
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PMID:Progesterone receptor regulation by 17 beta-estradiol in human endometrial carcinoma grown in nude mice. 366 38

The prognostic value of flow cytometric DNA measurements of individual tumor cells was studied in 166 patients with endometrial carcinoma stage I-II. Follow-up time was 1-46 months and 110 patients were followed for more than 2 years. Three different ways of estimating DNA ploidy were evaluated, and the use of normal endometria in defining diploidy was considered the best. DNA-ploidy had a much more marked prognostic value in terms of 2-year recurrence-free survival than other known prognostic parameters, such as degree of differentiation, range of myometrial invasion and estradiol and progesterone receptor concentrations. The proliferative activity as determined by DNA flow cytometrical analysis was not correlated with prognosis.
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PMID:Prognostic value of flow cytometrical DNA measurements in stage I-II endometrial carcinoma: correlations with steroid receptor concentration, tumor myometrial invasion, and degree of differentiation. 367 64

Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and creatine kinase (CK) were measured in cancerous tissue from 29 post-menopausal patients with endometrial carcinoma under basal conditions and after a short course of tamoxifen treatment. ER and PR were detected in nearly all tumors. CK was detected in all of the tumors examined. After tamoxifen, PR and CK increased simultaneously in 26% of cases, while they were either enhanced, decreased or unmodified in the remainder. No correlation could be found between increase of PR and tumor differentiation. CK, however, was enhanced only in the more differentiated cancers. These results indicate that only a percentage of endometrial cancers are responsive to tamoxifen. It is hypothesized that patients bearing these tumors are those likely to benefit from endocrine therapy.
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PMID:Effect of tamoxifen on steroid hormone receptors and creatine kinase activity in human endometrial carcinoma. 395 53

Eighty-six cases of primary endometrial carcinoma were assayed for the presence or absence of cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors by the saturation point dextran-coated charcoal assay. The levels of cytoplasmic progesterone receptors and estrogen receptors were analyzed according to clinical stage, histologic type and grade of the tumor, presence or absence of lymph node metastases, myometrial invasion, and survival. The cases were divided into positive and negative receptor groups with levels chosen of greater than 10 fmol/mg of cytosol protein for progesterone receptor and 5 fmol/mg of cytosol protein for estrogen receptor as discrimination points. Statistically significant survival differences were found between estrogen receptor positive versus estrogen receptor negative patients, progesterone receptor positive versus progesterone receptor negative patients, and estrogen positive-progesterone receptor positive versus estrogen negative-progesterone receptor negative patients. Mean cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptor levels were inversely proportional to grade. This report suggests that treatment protocols should be devised to reflect the prognostic significance of receptor status.
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PMID:Cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors as prognostic parameters in primary endometrial carcinoma. 396 Apr 17

The clinicopathologic associations and effect on prognosis of cytoplasmic steroid receptor content were studied in 168 patients with clinical Stage I and II endometrial carcinoma. Cytoplasmic estrogen receptor status was associated (p less than 0.01) with histologic differentiation, nuclear differentiation, and histologic documentation of extrauterine metastases. Progesterone receptor status was related (p less than 0.05) to histologic differentiation and histologic cell type, and combined estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status was associated (p less than 0.05) with histologic differentiation, peritoneal cytology, extrauterine metastases, and histologic cell type among the 105 patients who had determination of both estrogen and progesterone receptors. Single-factor analysis revealed significant (p less than 0.05) effects of estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status on disease-free survival. All other clinicopathologic features significantly (p less than 0.05) affected prognosis, except for peritoneal cytology. With use of stepwise regression analysis of proportional hazards, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and combined estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status were significant independent prognostic factors, replacing histologic assessment of glandular or nuclear differentiation in the models. These data suggest that receptor status of primary endometrial carcinomas provides important information relevant to tumor behavior which complements the information provided by conventional clinicopathologic analysis.
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PMID:Influence of cytoplasmic steroid receptor content on prognosis of early stage endometrial carcinoma. 398 57

A nude mouse model for the growth of human endometrial carcinoma and hormonal modulation of the progesterone receptor (PR) was established previously. This study describes the effect of 17 beta-estradiol and tamoxifen (TAM) on growth rate and PR concentration in a hormonally responsive human endometrial tumor (EnCa 101) grown in this experimental system and presents the first characterization of human endometrial carcinoma PR. EnCa 101 was transplanted subcutaneously into ovariectomized, BALB/c, nu/nu athymic mice and grown under 17 beta-estradiol-stimulated, TAM-stimulated, and control conditions. Both 17 beta-estradiol and TAM increased the growth rate of EnCa 101 in nude mice, and a parallel increase in the cytosol PR concentration was observed, from 130 +/- 55 (SD) fmol/mg protein to 1,311 +/- 598 fmol/mg protein and 710 +/- 310 fmol/mg protein, respectively. PR was partially purified by phosphocellulose and DEAE cellulose chromatography, and the DEAE eluate was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and photoaffinity labeling with [17 alpha-methyl-3H]promegestone ([3H]R5020). Two PR-negative tumors (EnCa K and EnCa V) were also examined in parallel. Coomassie blue staining of gels revealed that the protein patterns of all of the partially purified preparations from EnCa 101, EnCa K, and EnCa V were essentially identical. In contrast, photolabeling and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of EnCa 101 grown in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol or TAM revealed incorporation of [3H]R5020 into proteins of molecular weight approximately 116,000 and 85,000. Labeled proteins of molecular weight 66,000, 45,000, and 35,000 were also observed. In each case, the labeling was competable with excess non-radioactive R5020. No incorporation of [3H]R5020 was observed in EnCa 101 grown in the absence of estrogen, nor was any observed in EnCa K or EnCa V.
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PMID:Photoaffinity labeling of the progesterone receptor from human endometrial carcinoma. 405 15

Histologic review of 422 specimens from endometrial carcinoma submitted for biochemical cytosol estrogen and progesterone receptor analysis revealed that 16 (4.0%) contained no evidence of carcinoma on permanent histologic sections. An additional 11 (2.5%) contained focal carcinomas on permanent sections but had no evidence of malignancy in frozen sections of the tissue submitted for receptor analyses. Despite the paucity or even absence of malignancy, many of these specimens had significant cytoplasmic estrogen and progesterone receptors derived from endometrial and myometrial tissues. Rigorous histologic control of specimens from endometrial carcinomas submitted for biochemical steroid receptor analyses is necessary to establish valid clinical and histologic associations of steroid receptor content.
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PMID:Histologic control of biochemical steroid receptor analysis in endometrial carcinomas. 406 13

Estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors were measured in tumors from patients with previously untreated endometrial carcinoma before and after a 5-day course of tamoxifen citrate. On initial biopsy, 13 of 25 tumors (52%) were progesterone receptor-positive, whereas 21 of 25 tumors (84%) were progesterone receptor-positive after tamoxifen. Grades 1 and 2 tumors were more likely to demonstrate this increased incidence of measurable progesterone receptors. Considering these results, and the work of others who have shown that progesterone receptor-positive metastatic endometrial cancer is more responsive to progestin therapy than are progesterone receptor-negative tumors, we instituted a phase II clinical trial of tamoxifen plus progestin for patients with recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Thus far, however, the 33% total response rate achieved with the combination therapy has not been superior to standard progestin therapy.
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PMID:Tamoxifen and endometrial carcinoma: alterations in estrogen and progesterone receptors in untreated patients and combination hormonal therapy in advanced neoplasia. 623 50

A review of single agents and combination chemotherapy, with or without progestins, in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma is presented. Doxorubicin, hexamethylmelamine, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum are considered to be the most active drugs for the treatment of this disease. To date, combination chemotherapy has not shown any advantage over single agent therapy. The role of progestins in the treatment depends upon the presence of progesterone receptor binding sites. Better designed, randomized multi-institutional trials, using these drug combinations or new agents, singly or in combination, are necessary to identify optimal chemotherapy for patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer.
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PMID:Nonhormonal chemotherapy in endometrial cancer--a review. 644 52


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