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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum CA 125 levels were measured preoperatively by standard radioimmunometric techniques in 89 patients with primary endometrial carcinoma before definitive surgical staging and resection. Fifty-seven of 58 (98%) patients with clinical and surgical Stage I or II disease had normal preoperative serum CA 125 levels. All eight patients with clinically advanced endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stage III or IV) had elevated CA 125 levels before surgery. Twenty of 23 patients (87%) with clinical Stage I or II endometrial cancer who were found to have extrauterine spread of disease during staging laparotomy had elevated preoperative serum CA 125 levels. Thus preoperative CA 125 levels were elevated in 28 of 31 patients (90.3%) with surgically staged endometrial adenocarcinoma with extrauterine disease and may play a useful role in detecting those patients with clinically localized endometrial cancer who have occult extrauterine spread of disease.
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PMID:Predictive value of preoperative serum CA 125 levels in clinically localized and advanced endometrial carcinoma. 244 79

A new monoclonal antibody, 1C5, was produced by fusion of spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with CAC-1, a human cell line of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus, and NS-1 myeloma cell. The objectives of this study were to obtain moAb that can be used for routine histology and cytology, and to examine the histogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma. 1. 1C5 reacted with 88% of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus, but did not react with cervical squamous cell carcinoma of the uterus and other squamous cell carcinoma. However, 1C5 reacted with some adenocarcinomas, such as endometrial carcinoma of the uterus and ovarial carcinoma. 2. The staining pattern by 1C5 was different, in cervical adenocarcinoma from that in endometrial carcinoma of the uterus, and also different in the endocervical type from that in the endometrioid type of cervical adenocarcinoma. Therefore, 1C5 is useful in distinguishing between two types of adenocarcinoma of the uterus. 3. 1C5 did not react with normal squamous cells or normal columnar cells of the uterine cervix, or with normal endometrial cells of the uterus. However, the columnar cells in a limited area of the squamocolumnar junction were strongly stained with 1C5. 4. 1C5 reacted with ethanol-fixed, and routine formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. Thus, 1C5 may be used for clinical diagnosis. 5. 1C5 was found to be IgG1. 6. The molecular weight of the 1C5-defined antigen was 26,000 daltons, and the epitope of the 1C5-defined antigen was carbohydrate moiety. 7. We examined the histogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus by utilizing the reactivity of 1C5.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The production and characterization of monoclonal antibody, 1C5, reactive with cervical adenocarcinoma of the uterus]. 247 40

To determine a phenotypic difference between normal endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma, a new monoclonal antibody (MSN-1) was produced by immunizing a new endometrial cancer cell line (SNG-II), which was established in 1981 from a 43-year-old Japanese woman with stage II uterine endometrial cancer. MSN-1 recognized the Lewis-b carbohydrate moiety on the cell surface glycolipid and seldom reacted immunohistochemically with normal endometrium but with about 90% of endometrial cancer cases. By application of MSN-1 to flow cytometry, the possibility of differentiating endometrial normal cells from cancer cells was demonstrated.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody (MSN-1) against a newly established uterine endometrial cancer cell line (SNG-II) and its application to immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. 238 76

The responsiveness and action mechanisms of steroid hormones and epidermal growth factor on human endometrial carcinoma cells are analyzed by using in vitro culture system. 1) The Ishikawa cells, derived from a well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and possess ER and PR, are shown to respond to estrogens by increasing a variety of parameters, viz cell proliferation, PR levels, ALP and DNA polymerase activities. 2) ER and PR of those cells are localized in the nuclei by immunocytochemical staining using the monoclonal antibodies against to ER and PR, confirming the correctness of Gorski and Greene's one step theory involving the action mechanisms of steroid hormones. 3) Progestins reduced the ER level and stimulate E2DH activities and glycogen content, which are completely abolished by anti-progestin (RU486), suggesting that PR of those cells should be functional. 4) These responses to steroid hormones of Ishikawa cells are synergistically enhanced or appeared earlier by addition of EGF. 5) The main metabolite of E2 incubated with Ishikawa cells is E2-3-sulfate instead of E1, indicate that the higher estrogenic status may be persisted in endometrial cancer tissues.
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PMID:[Responsiveness and mechanisms of action of steroid hormones in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells]. 251 14

A new human endometrial carcinoma cell line, designated OMC-2, was established from the endometrial adenocarcinoma of a 59-year-old woman. This cell line has grown well for 51 months and has been subcultured more than 50 times. Monolayer cultured cells are polygonal in shape, showing a pavement-like arrangement and a piling up tendency without contact inhibition. The chromosomal number shows aneuploidy and the modal chromosomal number is in the diploid range. The cells were transplanted into the subcutis of nude mice and produced tumors resembling the original tumor. 1 X 10(5) OMC-2 cells produced CA 125 (184-682 U) during 19 days in culture media. CA 125 was demonstrated immunohistochemically in the original tumor, heterotransplanted tumor, and OMC-2 cells. The cells contain no estrogen or progesterone receptors. Twenty-nine other reports of endometrial carcinoma cell lines are reviewed.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of CA 125 producing cell line (OMC-2) originating from a human endometrial adenocarcinoma. 262 81

Preoperative serum CA 125 levels were measured in 61 patients with various FIGO stage endometrial adenocarcinoma and they were compared with stage of disease, grading and pelvic lymph nodes involvement. Serum CA 125 levels in excess of 35 U/ml were detected in 19 patients (31.1%): circulating levels exceeding 65 U/ml were also found in 15 patients (24.5). Rising concentrations were associated with increasing stages. Grading and lymph nodes involvement were correlated with the presence of elevated serum levels (more than 65% for grade two or three and more than 80% in patients with positive lymph nodes). Preoperative high concentrations of CA 125 suggest the presence and the probability of advanced endometrial cancer. The cases with elevated CA 125 serum levels seems to be a higher risk for extrauterine tumor progression and lymphatic space invasion: the preoperative presence of the antigen imposes an accurate intraoperative surgical staging and a careful follow-up for preventing recurrence or metastases.
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PMID:[Preoperative levels of CA 125 and risk factors in adenocarcinoma of the endometrium]. 263 16

The presence and/or depth of myometrial invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Fifteen patients with histologically proven endometrial cancer underwent preoperative evaluation with sonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess depth of invasion. Using criteria of greater than or equal to 50% of myometrial wall involvement as representing deep invasion, and less than 50% as superficial invasion, US was more accurate than MRI in five cases; in three MRI was more accurate than US; both MRI and US were equally accurate in four; neither was accurate in three. Polypoid lesions caused the greatest number of false positive reports of deep invasion with both MRI and US. Preliminary results indicate that US and MRI have promise as preoperative tests to assess the extent of myometrial invasion.
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PMID:Preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion of endometrial adenocarcinoma by sonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 266 84

In recent years the incidence in endometrial cancer is rising. The relation of cervical to endometrial cancer has shifted to almost 1:1. The peak of age distribution is between 50 and 60 years of age. Accompanying diseases are obesity, diabetes and hypertension. The endometrial cancer has its precancerous stages. The pertinent estrogenic stimulus is probably significant for the development of precancerous lesions: adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium without atypias is known as an optional, that with atypia as an obligatory precancerous lesion. The range of morphologic variation extends from mature endometrial adenocarcinoma with favorable prognosis to immature neoplasias with unfavorable outcome. Besides various other parameters of neoplastic disease the depths of infiltration into the myometrium is known to be significant. The leading sign of endometrial cancer is uterine bleeding. The histological diagnosis is established by the examination of the tissue produced by curettage from the cervical canal and from the uterine cavity. A true early diagnosis--in comparison to the early detection of cervical cancer--does still not exist for endometrial cancer. Exfoliative cytology from the uterine cavity or ultrasonography does still not allow the final and definite diagnosis. Among the therapeutic alternatives abdominal hysterectomy in combination with bilateral adnexectomy plays the most important role. Depending from more specific morphologic criteria of a given case additional pelvic and paraaortic lymphnode-dissection is advised. Surgical therapy in general accounts for a 10 to 20 percent better survival. In patients who cannot surgically be treated because of the local extension of the tumor or due to a general high risk situation the primary therapy is pelvic irradiation both by packing and percutaneously. Disseminated neoplasms, adenocarcinomas in particular, respond well to large dosages of progestins, whereas combinations of cytostatics have failed to show favorable results, perhaps with the exception of those containing adriamycin. All endometrial cancer patients need special posttreatment care, because early recurrences still have a certain chance of survival when recognized and appropriately treated.
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PMID:[Precancerous conditions and cancer of the endometrium]. 269 33

The effects of trans-4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHTam) on proliferation of cells of the Ishikawa human endometrial adenocarcinoma line were studied under serum-free, phenol red-free conditions and compared to those of estradiol. The addition of OHTam (1 microM) to basal medium (BM), consisting of equal parts of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F-12 with additional glutamine and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, resulted in significant increases in cell numbers relative to controls. These effects were even greater than those obtained with estradiol (10 nM-1 microM) or 1% charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum (ctFBS). Addition of 1% ctFBS to BM containing 1 microM OHTam further increased cell numbers whereas addition of estradiol (10 nM) did not do so. The stimulation of growth was positively correlated with OHTam concentrations in the range of 10 nM to 1 microM. Dissociation of estradiol and OHTam proliferative effects was observed in a variant of Ishikawa cells in which estradiol did not increase proliferation while OHTam had a strong stimulatory effect. The growth-promoting effects of OHTam were also observed in BM containing 5% or 15% ctFBS. In contrast, in parallel experiments in which BM was replaced by minimal essential medium (Eagle's) with Earle's salts, OHTam (1 microM) did not stimulate proliferation under these conditions and acted as an antiestrogen, inhibiting the proliferative effects of estradiol. These results illustrate marked effects of medium composition on proliferation and antiestrogenic actions of OHTam. Alkaline phosphatase activity was strongly stimulated by estradiol (10 nM) but only very weakly affected by OHTam (1 microM); at these concentrations, OHTam inhibited the effect of estradiol, both in serum-free BM and in minimal essential medium plus 15% ctFBS, demonstrating dissociation in its actions on proliferation and on enzymatic activity. These findings suggest that OHTam may stimulate the proliferation of particular clones of endometrial cancer cells in human tumors. They also suggest that OHTam can exert effects not mediated by the estrogen receptor system, or form OHTam-estrogen receptor agonistic complexes unlike those resulting from estradiol-estrogen receptor interactions. Clearly, Ishikawa cells provide a useful model to investigate mechanisms of action of antiestrogens.
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PMID:Stimulatory effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen on proliferation of human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (Ishikawa line). 270 24

The cell line SPEC-1, derived from a human serous papillary endometrial carcinoma (SPEC), has been established and repetitively subcultured for over 18 months. SPEC is a clinically aggressive histologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma with a significantly poorer prognosis. The SPEC cells exhibit morphologic and ultrastructural characteristics of transformed epithelial cells. The cells were further characterized with regard to growth kinetics, histochemistry, karyotype, and tumorigenicity. These studies indicate that several properties of the SPEC cells in culture contrast markedly with those of both typical endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines and normal endometrial epithelia, as described in the literature. The most significant of these differences concern cytogenetic and ultrastructural features. The implications of these unique characteristics are discussed with regard to the relationship they may have to the unusually aggressive biological behavior of this tumor cell type in vivo. This SPEC cell line should prove useful in future studies designed to determine important factors in the biological behavior of human tumor cells.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a human cell line from a serous papillary endometrial carcinoma. 272 53


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