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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

29 female immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients were examined gynecologically. In 2 cases the epithelium of the portio was found to be dysplastic, while endometrial carcinoma was present in 1 patient. A review of the literature suggests that immunosuppressed patients are more likely to develop tumors than others. The authors stress the need for gynecological and cytological examinations at short intervals, to identify premalignant and early malignant uterine changes at a time at which these can readily be treated without discontinuation of the immunosuppressive therapy.
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PMID:Premalignant and malignant uterine changes in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients. 34 40

A review of the nature of estrogens (Es) and their effects on the female genital tract, the effects of deprivation in the climacteric, and treatment of menopausal women is presented. The production of E begins in significant amounts in puberty. It is necessary for growth and development, secondary sex characteristics, and maintenance of pregnancy. Specific structural and metabolic alterations produced by E deficiency are described. Symptoms of the climacteric and postmenopause vary widely in severity. Familial, cultural,and educational background are important aspects of symptom development as is the psychological status of the woman. The role of E in the etiology of endometrial cancer is still unclear although some relationship is suggested. A description of therapy includes dose and administration and surveillance. There must be positive indication for the use of E and constant follow-up must be included.
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PMID:Use of estrogens in the climacteric and postmenopausal years. 34 68

A patient with gonadal dysgenesis who developed endometrial carcinoma in her 31st year of estrogen therapy is discussed in relation to thirteen previously reported cases of carcinoma of the uterus in patients with Turner's syndrome. The pattern of steroid receptor proteins in the endometrial carcinoma was found to correlate with the degree of differentiation of the tumor as assessed by light and electron microscopy. The findings reflect a potential for continued hormonal responsiveness of the tumor.
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PMID:Gonadal dysgenesis with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium: an electron microscopic and steroid receptor analyses with a review of the literature. 35 68

The factors that increase the risk of development of endometrial cancer are reviewed. Many of these conditions are frequently associated with an elevated production of estrone in peripheral (nonendocrine) tissues from circulating androstenedione. Elevated estrone production may occur in young, anovulatory or postmenopausal women whose ovaries secrete higher than normal amounts of androstenedione. Alternatively, conditions such as obesity and liver disease are associated with higher than normal rates of conversion of androstenedione to estrone, resulting in high estrone levels. Neither the exact tissue site(s) of conversion nor the normal function of this process has yet been established. Much less information concerning steroid hormone receptor measurements in endometrial cancer than in breast cancer is available. However, it seems certain that measurement of progesterone receptors will provide a useful guide in the selection of progestational therapy.
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PMID:Steroid hormones and endometrial cancer. 35 36

Oestrogen treatment of climacteric disorders, chiefly with formulations based on oestradiol or oestrone, which cause much less metabolic disturbance than synthetic oestrogens, is now widely accepted. Physiological replacement requires a blood production rate approaching 0.5 mg/day. Deleterious effects of oestrogen loss are known, but the appropriate scale of long-term prophylaxis with oestrogens is controversial. Evidence for a risk of endometrial carcinoma from unopposed oestrogen therapy is inconclusive but has focused attention on the concurrent use of progestogens, which is rising rapidly but is at present no more than 10%.
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PMID:Review of the status of oestrogen replacement therapy. 36 42

Forty-three patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma no longer amenable to management with surgery or radiotherapy were treated with adriamycin. Sixteen of the 43 patients demonstrated objective response to drug therapy with a greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the size of measurable disease. There were 11 complete responses among these 16 responders. Responders had a significantly better survival than nonresponders (P less than 0.05). Initial performance status was the only factor of demonstrable prognostic significance. Toxicity was similar to that observed in other phase II trials of adriamycin. Adriamycin, based on these data, is an active agent in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Phase II trial of adriamycin in the treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 36 91

A model of functional-morphological organization of epithelium of human normal, hyperplastic, and tumour endometrium is described. The model is based on a hypothesis that a population of stem cells capable of indefinite unlimited self-maintenance exists in normal glandular epithelium of the endometrium. The population of normal stem cells of endometrium epithelium is the source of emergence of differentiated types of epithelial cells among which, according to the model, three cell types can be distinguished: cells sensitive to estradiol alone, cells sensitive to both estradiol and progesteron, and cells sensitive to progesteron alone. The conditions necessary for transition of one cell type to another as well as histochemical characteristics of each of the cell types are described. The model has been used for the analysis of morphological changes developing in hyperplastic processes and cancer of the endometrium as well as for the substantiation of the current schedules for hormone therapy of these diseases.
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PMID:[Functional-morphological model of organization of the epithelium of normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic human endometrium]. 37 88

This case report demonstrates the use of the hysteroscope for the localization and removal of a missing Heyman radium capsule in a patient with endometrial carcinoma. There has been much recent interest in the use of the hysteroscope for therapeutic purposes in clinical gynecology. This case report emphasizes the value of this instrument in patient care.
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PMID:Hysteroscopic removal of a Heyman radium capsule. 37 31

Hormones may act as promoters in the carcinogenic process, and occasionally their metabolites may act as antihormones or have new physiologic effects. Drugs can interact with the endocrine system in many ways. They can promote secretion of a hormone, alter its rate of removal from plasma, change plasma protein-binding characteristics, or modify routes of metabolism. Estrogens have a preparative effect on the uterine endometrium. There are biologic, clinical and epidemiologic reasons for believing that estrogen administration to postmenopausal women increases the risk for endometrial cancer. Although there are similar biologic reasons to associate prolonged estrogenic stimulation with breast cancerr, evidence for such an association is weak. Oral contraceptive use has been associated with a variety of hepatocellular tumors. Although estrogens, per se, can effect several hepatic functions, it seems likely that the 17 alpha-alkyl and 17 alpha-ethinyl functions of the progestins and estrogens are involved in this process. The role of estrogen use during pregnancy in the causation of vaginal cancer in female offspring and the role of androgens in prostate cancer have been discussed.
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PMID:Interaction of drugs, hormones, and nutrition in the causes of cancer. 37 2

After a brief epidemiologic survey of endometrial cancer, the subject of detection and diagnosis of early lesions is addressed. Emphasis is placed on major gaps that exist in the knowledge of natural history of the disease. Cytologic and histologic detection and diagnostic techniques are reviewed and their advantages and disadvantages discussed.
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PMID:Diagnosis of early endometrial cancer and precancerous states. 38 Apr 47


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