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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 53 patients with carcinoma of the ovary, 16 patients with other malignant genital tumors, and 31 women with nonmalignant diseases of the genital tract. The serum CEA concentration was elevated (greater than 5 ng/ml) in 11 patients with ovarian cancer, 2 patients with endometrial cancer, 1 patient with carcinoma of the cervix, and 1 patient with a benign embryonal cystic teratoma. Elevated CEA levels were found only in patients with advanced malignant disease, while early stages were associated with normal CEA concentrations. AFP levels were normal in all but 1 patient. Both CEA and AFP levels were markedly raised in a case of advanced genital carcinoma arising probably from the ovary. Ascitic fluid of another patient with ovarian cancer contained a high concentration of CEA, giving an identical reaction in immunodiffusion with CEA from colon cancer. The present results indicate that while the increased expression of carcinofetal components takes place in some malignant tumors of the female genital tract, it is usually a late phenomenon.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha fetoprotein in malignant tumors of the female genital tract. 4 62

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was examined by radioimmunoassay in 125 Japanese with various gynecological malignancies. Elevated serum AFP levels were frequently noted in patients with yolk sac tumor and solid teratoma, while normal AFP levels (less than or equal to 20 ng/ml) were seen in those with vulvar carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma or ovarian carcinoma. Serum AFP levels were also within normal range in patients with uterine choriocarcinoma or ovarian dysgerminoma. The present findings indicate that serum AFP is an effective marker substance for the diagnosis of both yolk sac tumor and solid teratoma.
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PMID:Serum alpha fetoprotein in gynaecologic related malignancies. 616 66

Adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in patients 40 years of age or younger is rare and accounts for 2.9% of all endometrial cancers diagnosed in the study community. However, the diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed in only 32 of 54 patients (59.2%) with pathologic material available for review. None of the 32 patients had Stein-Leventhal syndrome or was receiving sequential oral contraceptives. Obesity was found in only 37.5%, nulligravidity in 37.5%, and hypertension in 25%. In 81%, the presenting symptom was abnormal vaginal bleeding, and 6 patients (19%) had coexisting ovarian neoplasms (4 endometrioid carcinomas, 1 mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and 1 adenocarcinoma arising in a cystic teratoma). Atypical endometrial hyperplasia, previously interpreted as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, was diagnosed in 11 of 22 patients. The pathologic criteria for establishing a diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and distinguishing it from well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium are emphasized. Thirteen of 32 patients received no radiation therapy and none developed pelvic recurrence or metastatic tumor. The 2 deaths from tumor were in patients with stage 3 ovarian cancer, and no patients died of endometrial carcinoma. The current policy is to treat patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (clinical stage I, pathology confirmed) by hysterectomy without irradiation treatment. Because of 6 of the 32 patients (19%) had coexisting ovarian neoplasms, careful examination of the adnexa at the time of clinical staging is emphasized.
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PMID:Endometrial carcinoma in women 40 years of age or younger. 701 3

Umbilical metastasis from gynecologic malignancies is very rare. We report fifteen patients with primary gynecologic malignant tumors associated with umbilical metastases treated in this hospital from 1958-1991. 1, including 10 epithelial ovarian cancer. 1 malignant teratoma of the ovary, 2 endometrial carcinoma and 2 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Apart from one patient initially diagnosed as stage 1 endometrial carcinoma, all patients had advanced tumors. Six patients had umbilical lesion present at the time of initial diagnosis of the primary tumor. The main clinical finding is an umbilical nodule or an ulcerated nodule in a diameter less than 2 cm. Usually the prognosis was poor. The average survival from initial diagnosis of umbilical metastasis to death was 14 months in 12 patients. There were 4 cases with longer survival, including one patient with endometrial carcinoma who survived 40 months, and 3 patients with ovarian carcinoma who survived 54, 52, 31 months, respectively. Two cases are surviving with tumor. It indicates that aggressive therapy may prolong survival time, especially in patients with ovarian cancers.
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PMID:[Umbilical metastasis from gynecologic malignancies--a clinical study of 15 cases]. 833 40

A 76-year-old female was noted to have a rectal mass on evaluation for postmenopausal bleeding. There was no history of abdominal pain, constipation, or rectal bleeding. Flexible sigmoidoscopy revealed a 3-cm pedunculated rectal mass at 10 cm. Hair fibers were visible through the smooth glistening surface. At colonoscopy, the polyp was removed by snare polypectomy. Histology showed epidermal, mesodermal, and endodermal components diagnostic of benign cystic teratoma. Subsequent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy revealed endometrial carcinoma and postmenopausal ovaries. Primary rectal teratoma is a very rare rectal mass that may present endoscopically. Since 1865, only 33 cases have been reported in the literature. Endoscopic photographs, histology, and a review of the literature are presented.
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PMID:Endoscopic resection of primary rectal teratoma. 848 91

Primary malignancies of the fallopian tube are extremely uncommon, in part due to (admittedly arbitrary) definitional criteria. By convention, epithelial tumors that involve the ovary or peritoneal surfaces are considered to have arisen either in the ovary or endometrium or, in absence of significant ovarian or endometrial involvement, in the peritoneum, irrespective of whether or not the fallopian tube mucosa is also involved. Evidence from the World Health Organization and more recently, from case-control studies of BRCA mutation carriers suggests the fallopian tube may have a more direct role in the development of at least some of these carcinomas. An alternative hypothesis for the origin of ovarian and peritoneal carcinoma has even been proposed, based on the concept of transport and implantation of malignant cells from the tube to the ovary and peritoneum. Malignancies in the fallopian tube can therefore be classified as (1) arising primarily in the fallopian tube, either from preexisting endometriosis (or more rarely, a mature teratoma) or directly from tubal mucosa with metastasis to adjacent tissues; (2) arising in the ovary, endometrium, or peritoneum with metastasis to the tubal serosa or mucosa; or (3) arising primarily in the fallopian tube as well as in the ovary, endometrium, or peritoneum (simultaneous primary tumors). Since there are currently no evidence based criteria for distinguishing primary tubal carcinoma from primary ovarian or primary endometrial carcinoma in patients with high stage disease, the Association of Directors of Anatomic and Surgical Pathology recommended strategies for assignment of site of origin are based on current standard practices.
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PMID:Recommendations for the reporting of fallopian tube neoplasms. 1928 85

Malignant transformation of a benign cystic teratoma of the ovary is only rarely seen. A review of the English literature revealed no reports of a malignant melanoma developing from concurrent primary endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cystic teratoma. We report herein a 54-year-old nulliparous woman who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a pelvic mass and was diagnosed by histopathological examination to have a malignant melanoma developing from concurrent primary endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cystic teratoma. No foci of primary malignant melanoma except for the ovary were found upon clinical examination. The patient received postoperative interferon alpha 2B and radiotherapy. She was still asymptomatic at 12 months of follow-up.
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PMID:Synchronous Primary Endometrial Carcinoma and Metastatic Malignant Melanoma in an Ovarian Cystic Teratoma. 2471 50

A 62-year-old woman had the incidental finding of malignant struma ovarii following surgery for primary endometrial carcinoma. The patient had vaginal bleeding for one year. After gynecological examination, she was referred for fractional curettage which revealed endometrial cancer. The patient underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy. Histological findings of uterus confirm the presence of endometrial cancer. The left ovary showed the presence of mature teratoma with dominant thyroid tissue and focus of papillary carcinoma. Postoperatively she underwent radiation therapy and 3 months later total thyroidectomy. The stimulated thyroglobulin level was detectable. She was referred for radioiodine ablation with a dose of 3,7GBq 131-J. Post therapy scintigraphy shows pathological uptake of 131-J only in the neck. The patient continued treatment of endometrial cancer (external beam therapy). She is currently on suppressive hormone L-thyroxin therapy. Two months later hormonal status, thyroglobulin and antithyroglobulin antibodies showed optimal range.
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PMID:Papillary Carcinoma in Mature Teratoma of Struma Ovarii. 3003 72