Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the years 1980-1987 in the Department of Internal Diseases, Silesian Medical Academy in Katowice 32 patients were observed with multiple malignant neoplasms of various organs. The time from the diagnosis of the first neoplasm to the appearance of the second one was from 0 to 168 months (mean 61.8 months). The second neoplasm developed in over half the cases (53.1%) after more than 5 years from the first one. The most frequent first neoplasms were: Hodgkin's disease and breast carcinoma, and the most frequent second neoplasm was colonic carcinoma, gastric carcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. The necessity of prolonged observation of patients with malignant neoplasms during many years is stressed.
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PMID:[Multiple primary neoplasms]. 262 11

Alkylating agents have caused acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), probably bladder cancer, and possibly other solid tumors. Phenacetin also has enhanced risk of bladder cancer, and probably also carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Topical nitrogen mustard, potassium arsenite, tar ointments, and methoxsalene have been related to development of nonmelanotic skin cancers. Immunosuppression by azathioprine, usually with prednisone, has enhanced risks of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, hepatobiliary cancers, and various mesenchymal tumors. Liver cancers have been reported in users of androgenic anabolic steroids, and both hepatic cell adenomas and carcinomas have been associated with use of combined oral contraceptives. These contraceptives reduce risks of endometrial and ovarian carcinomas. Estrogens increase risk of endometrial cancer. Exposure to diethylstilbestrol in utero can result in clear cell carcinomas of the vagina and cervix, and possibly testicular carcinomas.
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PMID:Steroid hormones and medications that alter cancer risks. 304 37

As part of our efforts to define subpopulations at increased risk for gynecologic malignancies, sera from 145 women were obtained prior to diagnosis and analyzed for antibody to asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide. This neutral glycolipid is present on the surface of thymocytes and natural killer cells, and asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide antibody has been shown in animals to block natural killer cell activity and promote tumor cell proliferation. With the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and with a value of 2 SD above the mean for healthy women designated as the boundary for a positive response, antibody to asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide was detected in only one of 30 (3%) healthy women, none of 16 pregnant women, none of 18 women with benign masses, and two of 24 (8%) women with microbial infections. All of the above samples that contained antibodies were barely over the 2 SD limit. In marked contrast, 19 of 35 (54%) women with gynecologic malignancies had asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide antibodies, with positive values ranging to greater than 10 SD above the control mean. Asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide antibody was found in six of eight (75%) patients with cervical cancer, five of eight (63%) with endometrial cancer, and seven of 15 (47%) with ovarian cancer. Of the eight patients with Stage I gynecologic cancer at any site, five (62%) had asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide antibodies. Four of 22 (18%) women with Hodgkin's disease also had antibodies, with values just exceeding 2 SD above control levels. The presence of these antibodies may contribute to an impaired immune surveillance system in these women and so increase their susceptibility to malignancy.
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PMID:Antibodies to the neutral glycolipid asialo ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide: association with gynecologic cancers. 397 67

Methyl-GAG was given to 71 patients with advanced malignancies as a weekly brief infusion (30-120 minutes) or as a biweekly 24- or 120-hour infusion. Mucositis (stomatitis, pharyngitis, esophagitis, and, rarely, inflammation of other mucous membranes) was dose-limiting in all three schedules. Generalized fatigue, malaise, myalgia, dysesthesias, nausea, and vomiting were more frequent in the brief-infusion schedule. Myelosuppression was mild and not dose-related. Fever, ventricular arrhythmias, skin rash, tender swelling of the palms, neuropathy, and paralytic ileus were rare. Toxicity was increased in patients with renal insufficiency or "third-space" fluid but was not increased by hepatic dysfunction. Cumulative and overlapping toxicity was evident only in the weekly schedule. Higher doses of methyl-GAG were tolerated when the duration of infusion was increased. The recommended doses for phase II trials are 700 mg/m2 weekly as a 1-2 hour infusion, 850 mg/m2/24 hours biweekly, and 1500 mg/m2/120 hours biweekly. Therapeutic effects were seen in all schedules and included objective responses in colon carcinoma (one of 13 patients), renal cell carcinoma (one of nine), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (one of two) and objective improvements in esophageal carcinoma (one of three), endometrial carcinoma (two of two), and leiomyosarcoma (one of three).
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PMID:Methyl-GAG in patients with malignant neoplasms: a phase I re-evaluation. 705 68

A 34-year-old patient developed metastic endometrial carcinoma after Hodgkin disease in childhood. She had ovarian failure after abdominal irradiation and chemotherapy for Hodgkin disease, and received exogenous estrogens, a treatment implicated in the development of endometrial cancer in menopausal women. Young women on replacement estrogens for ovarian failure after cancer therapy may also have increased risk of endometrial carcinoma and should be examined periodically.
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PMID:Endometrial carcinoma after Hodgkin disease in childhood. 742 34

Some animal data have raised the possibility that benzodiazepines influence the risk of selected cancers. With data collected in 1977-1991 in a US hospital-based study, the authors assessed the relation of benzodiazepine use to the risk of 11 cancers: breast (6,056 patients), large bowel (2,203), malignant melanoma (1,457), lung (1,365), endometrium (812), ovary (767), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (382), testis (314), Hodgkin's disease (299), thyroid (111), and liver (37). Cases were compared with cancer controls (3,777 patients with other cancers) and noncancer controls (1,919 patients admitted for acute nonmalignant disorders). Relative risks were estimated for benzodiazepine use at least 4 days a week for at least 1 month, initiated at least 2 years before admission (sustained use) by multiple logistic regression with control for confounding factors. Results derived with noncancer controls were similar to those derived with cancer controls. For sustained benzodiazepine use relative to no use, relative risk estimates for all 11 cancers were compatible with 1.0 at the 0.05 level of significance. Relative risk estimates for durations of at least 5 years were also compatible with 1.0, with the exceptions of an increased estimate, of borderline statistical significance, for endometrial cancer, and a decreased estimate for ovarian cancer. Relative risk estimates both for sustained use that continued into the 2-year period before admission and for sustained use that ended up to > or = 10 years previously were compatible with 1.0, suggesting a lack of tumor promotion and no increase in the risk after a latent interval. Results were also null for diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and other benzodiazepines considered separately. The results suggest absence of association between benzodiazepine use and the cancers considered, with the evidence stronger for the cancers with larger numbers of subjects. The similarity of results derived with cancer and noncancer controls suggests that benzodiazepines do not influence the risk of cancer as a whole.
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PMID:Relation of benzodiazepine use to the risk of selected cancers: breast, large bowel, malignant melanoma, lung, endometrium, ovary, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testis, Hodgkin's disease, thyroid, and liver. 777 53

Methylglyoxalbisguanylhydrazone or MGBG is an agent with a unique mechanism of action (polyamine biosynthesis inhibition). MGBG was discarded in the 1960s because of severe mucositis and other toxicities. New clinical trials in the late 1970s and early 1980s utilized weekly administration and indicated MGBG had significant activity in patients with chemotherapy-refractory Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In addition, some activity was noted in patients with head and neck, prostate, esophageal, and endometrial cancer. The toxicities on the weekly schedule were minimal and no myelosuppression was noted. Based on MGBG's spectrum of antitumor activity and its activity in severely debilitated patients, we hypothesize that MGBG may have greater antitumor activity in patients who are malnourished (possibly based on polyamine depletion). MGBG is a good candidate for treatment of AIDS-associated NHL because it has proven activity in patients with NHL which is not associated with AIDS, crosses the blood brain barrier, is non-myelosuppressive, and appears to work in patients with inanition (no polyamines available to reverse MGBG's antitumor effects). Clinical trials are ongoing to determine the activity of MGBG in AIDS-associated NHL and other diseases. Based on encouraging initial results, it appears MGBG may become part of our therapeutic armamentarium.
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PMID:MGBG: teaching an old drug new tricks. 791 20

The relationship between diabetes mellitus and cancer risk was investigated using data from an integrated series of case-control studies conducted in Northern Italy between 1983 and 1992. Cases were 9,991 patients with incident, histologically confirmed neoplasms below age 75, including 181 cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, 316 of the oesophagus, 723 of the stomach, 828 of the colon, 498 of the rectum, 320 of the liver, 58 of the gall bladder, 362 of the pancreas, 242 of the larynx, 3,415 of the breast, 726 of the endometrium, 971 of the ovary, 125 of the prostate, 431 of the bladder, 187 of the kidney, 208 of the thyroid, 80 Hodgkin's lymphomas, 200 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 120 multiple myelomas. Controls were 7,834 subjects in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic, non-metabolic, non-hormone-related disorders. A history of diabetes was reported by 5.1% of male and 5.4% of female controls. Significantly elevated relative risks (RRs) among subjects with diabetes were observed for cancers of the liver [RR = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-3.9], pancreas (RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.9) and endometrium (RR 3.4, 95% CI 2.7-4.3). After allowance for obesity and education as well as age and sex, the RRs were 3.0 for liver, 2.3 for pancreas, and 2.8 for endometrium. Diabetic subjects had no elevated risk for any of the other cancer sites considered. For liver and endometrial cancer the RRs remained elevated up to 10 years after diagnosis of diabetes (RR 2.6 and 2.0 respectively), while the RR for pancreatic cancer declined from 3.2 in the first 5 years after diagnosis of diabetes to 2.3 from 5 to 9 years and to 1.3 (95% CI 0.7-2.3) 10 or more years since diagnosis. This suggests that the relationship between diabetes mellitus and liver and endometrial cancer is probably real, while that with pancreatic cancer is compatible with diabetes being an early symptom of the disease, or at least of preneoplastic lesions.
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PMID:A case-control study of diabetes mellitus and cancer risk. 794 3

Between 1985 and 1990, five cases of radiation-induced bladder cancer were treated at our center. The first primary neoplasm was uterine cervical cancer in three patients, uterine endometrial cancer in one patient, and Hodgkin's disease in one patient. Additional treatment for the primary neoplasm included panhysterectomy for the patient with endometrial cancer and cyclophosphamide-based combination chemotherapy for the patient with Hodgkin's disease. The mean age at development of bladder cancer was 60.4 years, and the average time interval between irradiation and development of bladder cancer was 14.6 years. All the bladder cancers were invasive. The treatment modalities included anterior pelvic exenteration in one patient, partial cystectomy in one patient, reirradiation in two patients, including the use of intraoperative electron therapy in one patient, and TUR plus endoscopic Nd:YAG laser treatment in one patient. Four patients are alive without disease at a mean follow-up period of 15 months from the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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PMID:Second primary bladder cancer following pelvic irradiation for other malignancies. 837 8

In 1976, an accident in a plant near Seveso, Italy, exposed the local population to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Persons residing in three zones of decreasing TCDD contamination (A, B, and R) and a reference population were followed up for cancer occurrence in 1977-1986. The most exposed subgroup (A) was small, and only 14 cancer cases were observed. In zone B, hepatobiliary cancer was elevated, especially for those living in the area for > 5 years [relative risk (RR) = 2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-6.3]. Men exhibited an increase in hematologic neoplasms, most notably lymphoreticulosarcoma (RR = 5.7; 95% CI = 1.7-19.0). Women experienced an increased incidence of multiple myeloma (RR = 5.3; 95% CI = 1.2-22.6) and myeloid leukemia (RR = 3.7; 95% CI = 0.9-15.7). In zone R, the incidence of soft tissue tumors and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was elevated, particularly among persons living in the area for > 5 years (RR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.2-10.4 for sarcomas, and RR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2-3.6 for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas). Breast cancer among females was below expectations in the most contaminated zones, and a clear deficit for endometrial cancer was observed in zones B and R.
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PMID:Cancer incidence in a population accidentally exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin. 839 84


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