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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The morphology of the pars intramuralis of the fallopian tube has been histological examined in 500 uteri which were exstirpated in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the University of Kiel in the years of 1972 to 1973. It was found that the interstitial pars of the endometrium changes regularly during the menstrual cycle. In the same way the endometrium in the interstitial part of the tubal canal suffers from an atrophy if patients were treated with gestagens. The adenomatous hyperplasie or the polypes of the endometrium which are often found near the utero-tubal junction are to be considered as the matrix of the carcinoma of the endometrium; continuous changes between the adenomatous hyperplasie and the carcinoma of the endometrium can be observed. The frequency of precancers near the utero-tubal junction underlines the demand for an accurate curettage in this region of the cavum uteri. The histological examination of the region of the utero-tubal junction after the extirpation of the uterus is absolutely necessary and has to be generally to be asked for.
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PMID:[Morphology of the tubal drainage angle of the human uterus and of the pars intramuralis of the tuba uterina]. 43 96

This study compares the clinicopathologic features of 13 pure uterine papillary serous carcinomas (UPSC) with 19 tumors consisting of UPSC admixed with other types of endometrial carcinoma and nine UPSC associated with endometrial polyps. The mean patient age, frequency of preoperative clinical understaging, postoperative pathologic stage, and survival of patients was similar for the three groups. Surprisingly, widespread metastasis, recurrence, and death occurred even in those cases where myometrial invasion amounted to less than 1 mm or where tumor was confined to an endometrial polyp. Poor prognosis appeared to be related to a propensity for vascular invasion and multifocal carcinogenesis. The latter was manifested by the presence of cytologically malignant cells closely resembling the invasive serous carcinoma in the surface endometrium adjacent to the tumor in 89% of cases and in multiple sites in the genital tract and abdomen. This lesion, designated "intraepithelial carcinoma," was present in the endocervix in nine (22%) of the 41 cases, in the fallopian tube in two cases (5%), on the surface of the ovary in four cases (10%), and on peritoneal surfaces or omentum in 10 cases (25%). In addition, we found that UPSC display considerable morphologic heterogeneity. Foci of clear-cell carcinoma were identified in 13 (32%) of the 41 tumors. In five (12%) neoplasms, the invasive component was composed primarily of glands; and in 22 (54%) tumors, thin as opposed to thick papillae predominated. Accordingly, UPSC may be broadly defined as a carcinoma that displays foci of well-differentiated papillae lined by cells that are markedly atypical cytologically. UPSC frequently contain areas of clear cells. Glands with papillary infoldings sometimes predominate in the invasive component. Because the behavior of endometrial neoplasms, in which at least 25% of the carcinoma exhibits a glandular or papillary architecture with serous differentiation, is similar, the term "uterine serous carcinoma" is an appropriate designation for these tumors, regardless of whether other patterns of differentiation are present or whether the tumor is associated with a polyp.
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PMID:Uterine serous carcinoma. A morphologically diverse neoplasm with unifying clinicopathologic features. 159 38

This paper considers the debate over the risks of developing cancer from using various contraceptive methods. Claiming that the debate provokes unfair publicity and misinterpretation, various risks of cancer due to the oral pill, long-acting contraceptives, and IUDs are discussed. The oral pill is examined in the context of its potential relationship in causing breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, vaginal and fallopian tube neoplasms, and trophoblastic disease. Long-acting contraceptives are discussed in the context of genital tract neoplasia, while IUDs are examined in regard to gynecologic malignancies. The paper finds that no conclusive evidence exists indicating that IUDs cause gynecological cancers. Low-dose oral contraceptive pills are currently being used, and no clear evidence exists that they cause or increase the chance of developing cancer in the genital tract and the breast. Oral contraceptives do, however, have beneficial effects in preventing endometrial and ovarian cancer. The low-dose combined oral contraceptive should be considered safe where cancer, cardiovascular, and thrombotic risks are concerned.
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PMID:Fertility control and the risk of gynecological malignancies. 184 23

The authors present a retrospective review of 90 cases of Stage III endometrial carcinoma seen over a 10-year period at the Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto. Overall 5-year survival was 45.5% and disease-free survival was 36.0%. Prognostic factors identified within Stage III were tumor grade, geographic distribution of disease, the presence of symptoms other than vaginal bleeding or discharge, and completeness of surgery. Isolated involvement of the ovary or fallopian tube emerges as a distinct syndrome with a good prognosis (5-year survival of 82.3%). Surgery is the treatment of choice for operable cases, but 13 of 36 patients with inoperable disease who completed radical radiotherapy were alive and free of disease at 5 years.
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PMID:Stage III endometrial carcinoma. A review of 90 cases. 241 90

Effects of oral contraception on cancers of the female breast and reproductive tract are critically reviewed from human studies reported since 1980. The cumulative risk of breast cancer through 59 years of age appears to bear no relationship to oral contraceptive (OC) use whatsoever. Studies restricted to women under age 45, however, raise concern about a possible adverse effect from OC use before a 1st term pregnancy. A duration-related protective effect against endometrial cancer occurs from the use of combined OCs. The risk is reduced by about 40% with 2 years of use, and by about 60% with 4 or more years of OC use. OC use in excess of 3 years protects against ovarian cancer. 4 years of use confers a 50% reduction in risk, and 7 or more years of use confers a 60-80% reduction in ovarian cancer risk. Studies of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma in situ suggest elevated risks with 2 or more years of OC use, although results are difficult to interpret in view of numerous factors that might distort the findings. The risk of invasive cervical cancer appears to be unaffected by up to 5 years of oral contraception. Beyond this, there is evidence suggesting an elevated risk which approaches a 2-fold increase at 10 years of use. Cancers of the vagina and fallopian tube are extremely rare. Their risks have yet to be characterized in relation to OC use.
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PMID:Cancer of the breast and reproductive tract in relation to use of oral contraceptives. 267 58

Seventy-four cases of gynecologic tumor; 29 of the endometrium, 20 of the ovary, 9 of the trophoblastic, 7 of the cervix, 2 of the fallopian tube and one of the vulva, and 6 of malignant ascites, were transplanted into nude mice. 1. Overall success rate at the trial of primary transplantation revealed 35.1% or 26 cases out of 74. Trophoblastic neoplasia appeared the highest in the rate among each tumors, showing 55.5% of 9 trials. 2. Out of 26 successful cases of the primary trials, 14 or 53.8% are serially transplantable. These consisted of 7 endometrial, 2 ovarian, 3 choriocarcinoma and 2 cervical carcinomas. 3. The serially transplantable tumors are reproducible of the morphology of each original tumor. 4. The doubling times of the tumor size in choriocarcinoma are evenly short although life span of the tumor-bearing mice varies from each other. Endometrial and ovarian carcinomas spend the time longer than choriocarcinoma. The doubling times differ from each case of endometrial carcinoma with the same histological grade. 5. Choriocarcinoma lines preserve hCG secreting ability. Tumor size of the choriocarcinoma originated from the kidney correlates well with its serum hCG titer. These lines of gynecologic malignancy serially transplantable in nude mice will be useful for further cancer research.
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PMID:[Transplantation of gynecologic tumor in nude mice]. 276 72

The clinical and cytologic findings in ten cases of primary fallopian tube carcinoma, a very rare malignancy, are presented. All ten patients had vaginal pool (V), cervical (C), endocervical (E) and endometrial aspiration (EA) smears examined preoperatively; peritoneal smears were also prepared from cul-de-sac fluid aspirated during surgery. In the preoperative cytodiagnosis, some of V, C, E and EA smears were positive for malignant cells in six of the ten patients (60%). Examination of the EA smear was the most effective means of discovering this disease. A watery discharge was noted in two patients, both of whom were negative in the preoperative cytodiagnosis. In such patients, it is necessary to repeat the smear examinations. The cytologic appearance of this disease is contrasted to that of endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Clinical and cytologic aspects of primary fallopian tube carcinoma. A report of ten cases. 342 43

The fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytologic findings in 18 cases of metastatic neoplasms of the breast are reported. The cases were encountered in a combined series of 2,529 FNA breast biopsies, of which 666 were malignant; the metastatic neoplasms of the breast thus constituted 2.7% of all the malignant breast tumors. The series consists of 15 women and 3 men, with a mean age of 48 years (range of 11 to 73 years). Sixteen biopsies confirmed metastatic malignancy in patients with known extramammary primaries; the prebiopsy clinical diagnoses in six of the patients were benign breast lesions. In eight patients, the clinical differential diagnosis was either a benign or malignant primary breast lesion versus a metastatic malignancy. In two additional patients, the FNA biopsy identified metastatic neoplasms from unsuspected extramammary primaries. The metastatic neoplasms included three small-cell carcinomas of the lung, one squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung, two malignant melanomas, three ovarian malignancies, including a dysgerminoma, and one each of carcinoma of the fallopian tube, endometrial carcinoma, transitional-cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, prostatic carcinoma, acute granulocytic leukemia, lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, hepatoma and neuroblastoma of the retroperitoneum. Recognition of unusual cytologic patterns raised the suspicion of, or confirmed the diagnosis of, malignancy in all cases, with no false-negative diagnoses. None of the cases were cytologically interpreted as a primary breast malignancy. Ancillary studies performed on the FNA material, including immunocytochemistry, contributed to a definitive diagnosis in three cases. FNA diagnosis of metastatic malignancy of the breast is essential in order to avoid unnecessary mastectomy and to ensure appropriate chemotherapy and/or irradiation treatment.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration cytology of neoplasms metastatic to the breast. 347 62

An immunoradiometric assay with the use of a monoclonal antibody can detect an antigenic determinant (CA125) in peripheral blood from more than 80% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. In this report elevated levels of CA125 were detected in serum from patients with adenocarcinomas of the fallopian tube, endometrium, and endocervix. Among patients with endometrial cancer, CA125 levels were elevated in recurrent or disseminated disease but not with tumors confined to the uterus.
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PMID:Elevation of serum CA125 in carcinomas of the fallopian tube, endometrium, and endocervix. 620 Oct 72

Cervical cancer retains its character as a venereal disease associated with infections and multiple sexual partners, but poverty also is important. Precise incidence figures for cervical and endometrial cancer are almost nonexistent because in areas with precise case counts there is rarely accurate knowledge of hysterectomy prevalence. For endometrial cancer little recent attention has been paid to any risk factor except exogenous estrogen. It is now suggested that a low pregnancy rate is a cause, not a consequence, of ovarian pathology leading to cancer. Some progress has been made in separating the epidemiologies of various kinds of ovarian and uterine cancer. A few clues are available regarding the epidemiology of fallopian tube cancers and vaginal cancers other than those produced by maternal stilbestrol. Vulvar cancer becomes common only after the age of 75 and so has been neglected epidemiologically.
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PMID:High-risk factors in gynecologic cancer. 702 59


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