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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The reported incidence of adenomyosis based on unselected hysterectomies varies so widely that conclusions regarding the influence of any factor on that incidence are difficult to reach, although the relation of adenomyosis uteri to endometrial carcinoma has been the subject of only a few studies. In a 5-year period at the General Hospital of Athens, 646 hysterectomies were performed. All data were retrieved from the surgical pathology laboratory files concerning adenomyosis uteri with either simultaneous endometrial carcinoma or endometrial hyperplasia. A control population was selected from patients operated upon for a variety of benign pelvic diseases. Adenomyosis was found in association with endometrial carcinoma in 17.5% of 40 cases, and in association with endometrial hyperplasia in 21.6% of 60 cases. The control series of 546 patients had a 26% incidence of adenomyosis. The results of our study do not indicate any correlation between adenomyosis uteri and endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Incidence of adenomyosis uteri in a Greek population. 176 7

The monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1BE12 has recently been reported to react with several human normal and abnormal tissues. In human endometrium, it reacts more strongly with carcinomas than with normal tissue. To investigate the effectiveness of MAb 1BE12 in identifying cell proliferation in human endometrial cancers, 1BE12 immunocytochemical assays (ICAs) were performed on frozen (n = 47) and paraffin (n = 100) sections with subsequent computer-assisted microcytophotometric (SAMBA) evaluation of immunoprecipitate distribution. MAb 1BE12 immunoreactivity was not impaired by tissue fixation and paraffin embedding. It reacted with normal proliferative endometrium but not with normal secretory endometrium, and immunoreactivity increased with the degree of cell proliferation and malignancy, the amount of immunostaining being greater in invasive carcinomas than in normal proliferative endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia. ICAs showed no correlation between MAb 1BE12 immunoreactivity and estrogen and progesterone receptor antigenic sites. On the other hand, MAb 1BE12 staining in frozen sections increased with Ki67, EGFR, pHER-2/neu, and cathepsin immunostaining. These findings suggest that ICAs on frozen and paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens using MAb 1BE12 along with other markers can be useful for early detection and grading of endometrial carcinoma. The relevance of MAb 1BE12 to the selection of patients for laser ablation of the endometrium rather than hysterectomy is also discussed.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody 1BE12 immunoreactivity with human endometrium. Correlations with hormone receptors and proliferation cell markers. 177 9

From December 1980 to February 1991 24 patients with endometrial hyperplasia after estrogen treatment were followed-up at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. All were referred for post-menopausal bleeding. They were followed-up with abrasio three and nine months after the initial diagnosis. Seven patients demonstrated cystic glandular hyperplasia (CGH), six adenomatous hyperplasia (AD) and eleven atypical hyperplasia (AT). In the CGH-group five revealed atrophic endometria and one developed into endometrial carcinoma. In the AD-group two patients refused follow-up, four had atrophic endometria, in the AT-group five developed atrophia, one refused follow-up, one developed CGH, while three developed carcinoma. All four carcinomas in the series developed within the first three months of follow-up. The frequency of carcinomatous development was much higher for exogen estrogen induced hyperplasias compared to earlier findings for endogenously estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasias. It is recommended that non-opposed estrogen treatment should be used in rare circumstances under close follow-up and that patients developing endometrial hyperplasias are followed-up until the hyperplastic changes have disappeared.
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PMID:Endometrial hyperplasia following estrogen treatment without the addition of gestagen. A follow-up study after withdrawal of estrogens. 177 42

The present study was undertaken to develop an animal model for endometrial neoplasms. A total of 107 female ICR mice, 10 weeks of age, were used and treated as follows: Group 1 (31 mice) was given intravaginal instillation of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) solution (1 mg/100 g body wt.) once a week for three weeks and then fed diet containing 5 ppm 17 beta-estradiol (E2) for 20 weeks, starting one week after the last exposure to MNU. Group 2 (30 mice) was given MNU alone. Group 3 (31 mice) was given E2 diet alone. Group 4 (15 mice) was fed the basal diet alone and served as the untreated control. At the termination of the experiment (week 23), all surviving mice were killed. Histopathological examination revealed that adenocarcinomas in the uterine corpus developed in mice of Groups 1-3, with a high incidence of endometrial hyperplasia. The incidence of endometrial carcinomas in Group 1 (15/31, 48%) was significantly higher than in Group 2 (2/29, 7%, P less than 0.001) or Group 3 (7/31, 23%, P less than 0.01). In the uterine cervix, small numbers of squamous cell carcinomas and pre-neoplastic lesions (dysplasias and hyperplasias) were also present in mice of Groups 1-3. In Groups 1 and 3, an increased E2/progesterone (P) ratio was observed. Thus, the results indicated that this medium-term model for endometrial neoplasms is useful for studying the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer and that an increased E2/P ratio is an important factor for the development of endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Rapid induction of endometrial carcinoma in ICR mice treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and 17 beta-estradiol. 177 63

Endometrial hyperplasia has since long been proposed to be a predecessor to endometrial carcinoma. In this prospective randomised study one group was treated with abrasio only at regular intervals to follow the natural course. In this group 96/176 were normalised after a 2 year follow-up and 3 patients developed cancer. The frequency of normalised patients after abrasio only (55%) resembles that of cyclic low-dose gestagen treatment. In the other patient group treated with Medroxy progesterone acetate 500 mg i.m. twice weekly for 3 months and then followed for 2 years, 86/89 normalised and none developed cancer.
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PMID:Endometrial hyperplasia. Clinico-pathological considerations of a prospective randomised study after abrasio only or high-dose gestagen treatment. Results of 2 years follow-up of 292 patients. 182 23

Fifty years ago Albright contributed the following to understanding osteoporosis: (1) He recognized it as a deficiency of formation, not of mineralization of bone matrix; (2) he observed that 40 of 42 patients with osteoporosis before age 65 were women past menopause or young women postoophorectomy; (3) he concluded that estrogen stimulates osteoblasts (a conclusion later challenged); (4) he demonstrated by metabolic balance studies that estrogen causes a positive calcium balance in postmenopausal osteoporosis; (5) he introduced periodic progesterone to prevent or treat endometrial hyperplasia from prolonged estrogen therapy; and (6) he showed that long-term therapy arrested vertebral damage and height loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis and prevented them if started early. Since Albright's time, more sensitive methods of assessing bone density have replaced conventional roentgenograms. Some large scale trials of estrogen have indicated increased bone density and fewer fractures. Unopposed estrogen increases risk of endometrial cancer and decreases mortality from other cancers, myocardial infarction, stroke, and osteoporosis. Trials of calcitonin, diphosphonates, fluoride, vitamin D, and high calcium intake have not proved more effective than estrogen.
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PMID:Fuller Albright. His concept of postmenopausal osteoporosis and what came of it. 186 30

Endometrial hyperplasias and some endometrial carcinomas arise in a setting of estrogen excess. Steroid hormones interact with cells via specific receptors; assessing receptor levels may indicate a tissue's potential for interaction with that hormone. To examine estrogen receptor (ER) levels in endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, and physiologically cycling endometrium, an immunohistochemical technique utilizing a monoclonal anti-estrophilin (estrogen receptor) antibody was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. In complex hyperplasia and grade I adenocarcinoma, the mean percentages of epithelial cells demonstrating nuclear staining for ER was mildly decreased compared to proliferative endometrium. A trend was noted toward less ER staining in atypical hyperplasia compared to non-atypical complex hyperplasia. ER varied with physiologic cycling of the endometrium. ER was also present in atrophic endometrium, myometrium, adenomyosis, and leiomyomata. Immunohistochemistry permits localization of ER and is a useful technique in ER assessment of endometrial hyperplasias and carcinomas.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical estrogen receptor assessment in hyperplastic, neoplastic, and physiologic endometria. 187 29

Two hundred and fourteen cases of endometrial hyperplasia were diagnosed at the Hospital of Casorate (USSL 77, Pavia) between 1 january 1984 and 31 december 1989. Cases were subdivided as follows: 60 glandular hyperplasias, 54 glandular cystic hyperplasias, 83 adenomatous glandular hyperplasias, 13 atypical glandular hyperplasias and 24 cases of endometrial cancer. The analysis of data shows an increase in hyperplasia, but only the adenomatous and atypical varieties have a potentially carcinomatous evolution.
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PMID:[Cases of endometrial hyperplasia diagnosed at a regional hospital in the Province of Pavia]. 188 71

Endometrial carcinoma is the most frequent genital neoplasia in women. Precursors of this condition include endometrial hyperplasia, particularly when cytologic atypia occurs. Among the frequent early clinical manifestations of endometrial carcinoma is abnormal uterine bleeding that must be differentiated from bleeding associated with benign conditions. Early detection of endometrial carcinoma and its precursors in women at risk is the best prophylactic measure in the final therapeutic outcome. In this review, the accuracy of methods of early diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma and its precursors is assessed, in order to provide early therapy and optimum prognosis. The epidemiology of endometrial carcinoma, as well as the risk factors for the development of this neoplasia, are also reviewed. A histologic classification of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma of the endometrium, based on current theories of histopathogenesis, is included.
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PMID:Endometrial carcinoma and its precursors: early detection and treatment. 196 55

Endometrial carcinoma in 40 women under 40 years of age (group A), was analyzed clinicopathologically in comparison with that in 126 women over 50 years of age (group B). 1. The incidence of endometrial carcinoma in women under 40 years of age tends to increase. 2. Sixteen (41.0%) of 39 patients in group A had adenoacanthoma, while 28 (23.7%) of 118 patients in group B had it. The tumor in group A was characterized by less myometrial invasion, lower metastatic potential and coexisting endometrial hyperplasia than that in group B. 3. In group A, patients having ovaries with corpus luteum were characterized by less coexisting endometrial hyperplasia and more myometrial invasion than patients having ovaries without corpus luteum.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological analysis of endometrial carcinoma in young women]. 199 15


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