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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Previously diagnosed tumor specimens from 35- to 74-year-old female patients with endometrial cancer who were residents of King County, Washington, during the first 6 months of 1975 were reviewed by a single pathologist using uniform criteria for the assessment of cancer. Routinely reported incidence of this tumor in this population was judged to be inflated, the annual incidence rate (excluding carcinoma in situ) falling from 108.2 to 88.5 per 100,000 women after the exclusion of cases found not to be unequivocally malignant. This rate nonetheless represented a large increase over the rate of 47.3 per 100,000 observed in the U.S. Third National Cancer Survey just 5 years earlier. We concluded that U.S. pathologists in the 1970's may have been using more liberal criteria by which to diagnose endometrial cancer, but that such a change could only account for a small part of the rising incidence of the disease.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 May
PMID:Incidence of endometrial carcinoma in King County, Washington: a standardized histologic review. 64 39

Methodologic issues inherent in epidemiologic studies of an infrequent cancer that is putatively associated with medication of high-use prevalence are reviewed, using as example effects of endometrial cancer study designs and data interpretation which are caused by changing patterns of estrogen use or hysterectomy. Problems common to all types of epidemiologic studies include pathologic classification, data collection, indications for the therapy vs. the therapy as cause, and patient use of medical care. Specifically, problems with studying the association of endometrial cancer and estrogen use include incorrect carcinoma vs. hyperplasia diagnosis, accuracy of estrogen use information (pharmacy files are recommended), patient compliance, duration of data collection (10 years is best compromise from the ideal of a lifetime history), and type of data collected (natural vs. synthetic estrogen, progesterone content, duration of use, dosage, continuous or interrupted schedule, route of administration). Proper design of follow-up, cohort, and case-compeer studies is outlined. Cohort and follow-up studies have the major advantage of following several outcomes simultaneously. The importance of risk-benefit evaluations (e.g., value of estrogen usage for specific indications) is emphasized.
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PMID:Methodological issues in epidemiologic studies of endometrial cancer and exogenous estrogen. 64 95

Forty-five cases of Stage II endometrial cancer are analyzed with regard to histologic grade, therapy, site of recurrence, survival, and cause of death. This group represents 5% of all endometrial cancer patients registered at the Southern California Cancer Center from 1954 to 1974. Thirty-two (71.2%) were classified as poorly differentiated tumors. A significant analysis of survival data comparing the 26 patients treated by RT alone, and 17 patients managed by surgery and RT, could not be obtained because of the small number of patients. However, the frequency of residual tumor in the uterus and intraperitoneal recurrence in the RT only group suggests that RT plus surgery should provide a better survival than RT alone.
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PMID:Stage II endometrial carcinoma: two modalities of treatment. 64 97

This is a retrospective 5 year study of cancer detection in the suburban office of a primary-care physician. There were 127 diagnoses of malignancy confirmed in 5,011 patients, 62 in the reproductive system and 62 in other organ systems. More than 9,000 Pap smears resulted in the final diagnosis of carcinoma of the cervix in only seven patients. 374 curettages yielded 37 cases of endometrial carcinoma. All of these patients had Class I Pap smears preoperatively.
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PMID:The primary-care physician and cancer detection: the role of the Pap smear. 64 2

Report about 31 second-look-curettages 3--12 months after radiotherapy of cancer of endometrium. In 5 cases the microscopic examination showed carcinoma of the endometrium, in 1 case the tissue formation was atypical. In 2 cases the curettage was not feasible. Indication of the second-look-curettage was discussed.
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PMID:[Experience with second-look curettage]. 67 65

Twelve enzymes related to the direct oxidative and glycolytic pathways of glucose metabolism were assayed in 88 cancers of the cervix and 48 cancers of the endometrium of the human uterus, and the activities compared with those obtained from a group of control tissues. Significant increases for all but one of the enzymes studied (alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase) were found in cancer of the cervix, when compared with normal cervix epithelium. Hexokinase, phoshofructokinase, and aldolase appear to be rate-limiting in normal cervix epithelium; however, since the increase in activity of the first two in cancers was least of all the glycolytic enzymes, redundant enzyme synthesis probably occurs in the malignant cell for the enzymes catalysing reversible reactions. There was virtually no correlation between the activity of any enzyme measured in the cancer sample and histological assessments of the degree of malignancy of the tumour, or the clinical stage of the disease. All enzymes except pyruvate kinase had significantly higher activity in normal endometrium than in normal cervix epithelium, presumably reflecting the greater metabolic requirements of the former tissue. Only phosphoglucose isomerase and pyruvate kinase were significantly higher in endometrial cancer than in normal endometrium, and there were few significant differences between cancers of the cervix and of the endometrium, despite the marked differences in their tissues of origin. These results suggest the changes occur during malignant transformation to the activities of both regulatory enzymes and those catalysing reversible reactions, in a manner justifying the conclusion that the general metabolism of tumours is convergent.
Br J Cancer 1978 Jun
PMID:Enzymes of glucose metabolism in carcinoma of the cervix and endometrium of the human uterus. 67 39

Metastatic serosal and omental implants from a primary papillary endometrial carcinoma were well demonstrated by radionuclide uptake on a bone scan utilizing 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate. Imaging of an endometrial malignancy by a 99mTc-labeled phosphate compound has not previously been reported. While the exact mechanism of accumulation in such soft-tissue neoplastic foci is not known, several possibilities have been suggested. In this particular case, the mechanism appears related in some way to the presence of dystrophic calcifications within the metastatic deposits.
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PMID:Metastatic abdominal implants of endometrial carcinoma demonstrated on 99mtc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan. 69 48

A continuing education examination of estrogen therapy is discussed. The most common indication of estrogen therapy is for replacement in menopausal women. Estrogens can also be used in the treatment of certain types of cancer such as prostatic cancer. A diagnosis of estrogen deficiency must be established first and then estrogen therapy must be selectively used. Psychoemotional problems must be ruled out. Perimenopausal patients may be treated somewhat differently than postmenopausal patients. 1 of the major controversies surrounding estrogen therapy, other than cancer and osteoporosis, is its implication to coronary heart disease. The evidence indicates that estrogen in some way contributes to endometrial carcinoma. Estrogen administration does not seem to show a correlation to breast cancer. Actual treatment must be individualized, and which estrogen, how much, and how long it should be used is still not clear.
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PMID:Estrogen therapy. 70 1

Data on squamous carcinoma of the cervix from a 20 year study period (1955 to 1974) in metropolitan Toledo revealed a 66% reduction of the average annual age-adjusted incidence rate and a 61% reduction in death rate of cervical squamous carcinoma when the first time period (1955 to 1958) was compared with the last time period (1971 to 1974). The decrease for both morbidity and mortality rates was more pronounced in women age 50 years and younger. The age-adjusted death rate during this study period revealed 15.5/100,000 for black women and 8.7/100,000 for white women. The reduction in death rate of 83% in black women is more prominent than 54.5% in white women. The decrease in both morbidity and mortality for cervical squamous carcinoma has a close relation to cytologic screening activity. The factors of age and race, probably related to socioeconomic status, are two known determinants of risk for cervical squamous carcinoma. Data for endometrial carcinoma during this study period revealed 15.5/100,000 women in the average age-adjusted incidence and an increase of 13.8% in average yearly rates when the first time period (1955 to 1958) were compared with the last time period (1971 to 1974). The peak age was 60 to 64 years old in the first time period and shifted to 70 to 74 years old in the last time period. The trend in metropolitan Toledo is comparable to that of Louisville, Kentucky. The mass cytologic screening program which contributed to a remarkable reduction in morbidity and mortality for the cervical squamous carcinoma, did not have any beneficial effect on endometrial carcinoma.
Cancer 1978 Nov
PMID:The changing trends of uterine cancer and cytology: a study of morbidity and mortality trends over a twenty year period. 71 21

Horones as a therapeutic agent are practically not used in gynecologic oncology, because gynecological malignomas are hormonally independent. Therapeutically succesful in only the use of Progesterone in metastases and relapses of endometrial cancer and of Estrogen in the palliative treatment of cervical cancer relapses. However, significant results are obtained by cytostatic therapy, particularly in carcinomas of the ovary and in choriocarcinomas; the therapy is somewhat less successful in the cancer of the oviduct and vulva, while in the cancer of the cervix and vagina it is not successful at all. Polychemotherapy is recommended because it results in better remissions and is less aggressive.
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PMID:[Cytostatic and hormonal therapy on oncologic gynecology (author's transl)]. 75 24


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