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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred sixty-four consecutive patients with clinical stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma who underwent primary surgical therapy between July 1979 and August 1988 were followed prospectively and evaluated for disease recurrence for 8-112 months (mean 51.5). Thirty-three patients (12.5%) developed recurrence or died of disease. In univariate statistical analysis, prognostic factors significantly associated with disease recurrence were as follows: age (mean 68.6 years with versus 60.3 years without recurrence; P = .0001); histology (adenocarcinoma 8.8%, adenosquamous 35.7%, papillary 25%, clear-cell 57.1%; P less than .0001); tumor grade (grade 1, 7.7%, grade 2, 10.5%, grade 3, 36.1%; P less than .0001); depth of myometrial invasion (none 9.8%, less than one-half 7.4%, one-half or greater 29.6%; P = .0001); lymph node status (negative 8.3%, positive 47.6%; P less than .0001); non-nodal extrauterine disease spread (absent 11.0%, present 50%; P = .0003); peritoneal cytology (negative 9.4%, positive 26.3%; P = .004), and tumor size (2 cm or less 7%, greater than 2 cm 17.3%; P = .05). Cervical extension and uterine size had no significant effect on recurrence. Using multivariate analysis, grade 3 tumor (P = .002), advancing age (P = .004), lymph node metastasis (P = .006), and presence of extrauterine disease spread other than lymph node metastasis (P = .038) were the only variables significantly associated with disease recurrence or death. This study supports the new International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics surgical staging system for endometrial cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prognostic factors associated with recurrence in clinical stage I adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. 204 70

The expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGF-R) in gynecological malignant tumors was investigated immunohistochemically. 1) With respect to the expression of EGF-R in the uterine cervix, it was seen in 20.0% with benign lesion. In cases of dysplasia, it was expressed in 62.5% of the cases with mild dysplasia, 81.8% with moderate dysplasia and 53.3% with severe dysplasia. In cases of CIS, it was seen in 46.7% and in cases of invasive cancer, it was seen in 22.2%. By hystological type, the expression rates were 27.3% for keratinized squamous cell carcinoma and 33.3% for large cell non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma. No expression was seen in three cases of small cell non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma or four cases of adenocarcinoma. In cases of benign lesions, EGF-R was localized in the cell walls of the basal layer, but in cases with dysplasia, it was found in the cell walls and also in the cytoplasm in all layers of the epithelium. 2) The expression rate in endometrial carcinoma was 14.3% and all of these cases were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. There was no reverse correlation with estrogen receptors. 3) The expression rate for advanced malignant ovarian tumors was 31.4% and there was no clear correlation with the histological type. The prognosis tended to be better in cases expressing EGF-R than in those not. These results indicated that EGF-R appears to be related to the degree of advance of cervical dysplasia, but it was clear that the frequency of expression of EGF-R decreased when the cancer became invasive. In cases of malignant ovarian tumors, the expression of EGF-R tended to be related to the prognosis.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in gynecological malignant tumor]. 206 13

The authors analyse 474 patients with endometrial carcinoma, admitted and treated at the gynecological clinic of the Higher Medical Institute in the town of Pleven during the period of 1980-1988. The mean age of the women is 63.15-8.14 years. The hospitalized patients are arranged according to the clinical stage during the period of 1984-1988 in the following way: I stage--17.43%, II stage--72.69%, III stage--6.25% and IV stage--3.61%. The degree of a 5-year survival depends on the histological structure of the tumour. The late results in the treatment of patients with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma in comparison with the remaining forms are considerably better. The survival is over 76% of the treated women at I stage. The results from the clinical and morphological study on the basic variants of growth and distribution of carcinoma of the uterine body determine the basic principles for rational surgical treatment. Timely discovery, dispensary observation and treatment of women, predisposed to endometrial carcinoma are practical possibilities for pathogenetically substantiated prophylaxis.
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PMID:[The prognostic significance of the histological types of endometrial cancer in relation to the 5-year survival of the patients]. 209 72

In recent years, the incidence of endometrial cancer has a tendency to increase gradually in our country. Its majority (stage I and II) is a case to be treated by hysterectomy alone. However, to patients with advanced inoperable cancer (stage III and more), a radiotherapy, which is not so sensitive to endometrial cancer, has been used. Since the progression of endometrial cancer is dependent on sex steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone), anti-tumor effects of progestogen are expected to be effective to patients with estrogen receptor (ER) positive and progesterone receptor (PR) positive cancer or with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (G1 type) histologically. The most widely used progestogens are medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and megestrol acetate (MGA). Many investigators have reported that progestogen with high dosage shows a good response to advanced endometrial cancer. On the other hand, the monochemotherapy responsive to endometrial cancer is adriamycin (ADR), cyclophosphamide (CPA), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or cisplatin (CDDP). The drugs in polychemotherapy regimens are used to be combined basically the above anti-cancer agents. The polychemotherapy is more effective than monochemotherapy. The combined chemotherapy regimen (CPA, ADR and CDDP; CAP regimen) obtained a good clinical results to advanced endometrial cancer. Thus, in recent years, the combined hormonochemotherapy of high dose progestogen and polychemotherapy was recommended as the best therapy to advanced endometrial cancer, and reported a good results. In conclusion, the treatment of advanced endometrial cancer is based on the use of progestogen therapy and on polychemotherapy. The choice of treatment is made on the basis of patients' conditions and the biological characteristics of the endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:[Therapy of advanced endometrial cancer]. 214 5

Seventy-five samples of human tumors were examined immunohistochemically for fertility alpha-2-microglobulin also known as progesterone-associated protein of the endometrium. The protein was detected in 35.7% (5 of 14) endometrial cancer samples and in 20% (2 of 10) of ovarian malignancies. Tumors of the stomach, colon, breast, lung and some other sites failed to reveal the antigen with the exception of a single case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma which showed the ectopic expression of the protein. Fertility alpha-2-microglobulin is stage-specific tissue marker of the endometrium. It is expressed at the final stage of cell differentiation and is partially lost in cancer.
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PMID:[The cellular localization of the fertility alpha 2-microglobulin in tumors of the reproductive system]. 220 44

The role of cellular oncogenes in the development of epithelial tumors of the human female reproductive tract has not previously been extensively studied. DNAs isolated from ten human uterine, 13 ovarian, and four cervical neoplasms and from three cell lines derived from endometrial adenocarcinoma were investigated by dot blot hybridization after polymerase chain reaction amplification of ras gene sequences and in some cases by NIH 3T3 transfection. Transforming activity was found in two of nine endometrial adenocarcinomas, but none of seven ovarian carcinomas and none of four cervical carcinomas showed transforming activity. K-ras sequences with a GGT----GAT mutation in codon 12 were demonstrated in both transformants derived from endometrial carcinoma. K-ras codon 12 mutations were similarly detected in six of 13 endometrial carcinomas (one GAT and GCT, one GTT and GCT, two GAT, two GTT) and two of 13 ovarian tumors (GAT and GCT, GAT), both mucinous adenocarcinomas. Point mutation of K-ras in codon 12 is thus comparably frequent in uterine endometrial carcinomas and in colorectal carcinomas and may have similar significance as an event that contributes to progression of these tumors. Cervical carcinomas and ovarian tumors in general, with the possible exception of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary, do not appear to have this characteristic.
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PMID:K-ras activation in neoplasms of the human female reproductive tract. 220 77

We established seven hybridomas secreting murine IgG monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP). The seven hybridomas were designated (1) 7C6, (2) 6G10, (3) 5B9, (4) 6D5, (5) 6B5, (6) 11G6 and (7) 3E10, respectively. The characteristics of these hybridomas were evaluated by radioimmunoassay (RIA) with 125I-PLAP. Their reactivity with the intestinal alkaline phosphatase, one of the alkaline phosphatase isozymes, was (1) 0.04, (2) 0.2, (3) 1.4, (4) 1.8, (5) 0, (6) 4.0 and (7) 6.2(%), respectively. None of them showed signs of cross-reactivity with the liver-type alkaline phosphatase, also one of the alkaline phosphatase isozymes, within a PLAP concentration of 2,000 IU/l. The subtype of 5B9 was IgG1, and that of the others was IgG2a. We then used 7C6, to develop a sensitive, specific and convenient enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the determination of PLAP, and assayed sera from patients with various gynecologic diseases. The incidence of increased PLAP was 6.4% in patients with benign diseases, 21.5% in cervical cancer, 36.4% in endometrial carcinoma, and 39.5% in malignant ovarian tumors. The specificity for malignant diseases seemed to be higher than that of CA125. Among endometrial carcinomas, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma had the highest incidence of an increased concentration. Among malignant ovarian tumors, serous cystadenocarcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, dysgerminoma and Krukenberg's tumor showed a higher incidence than the other types.
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PMID:Establishment of hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to placental alkaline phosphatase and development of an enzyme immunoassay for its determination. 220 81

Between 1983 and 1987, 79 patients received radiation therapy in combination with surgery for cancer of the endometrium. The pathology in all cases was adenocarcinoma. Most cases had deep myometrial penetration with moderate or poor differentiation. More than two-thirds of the patients had stage I disease. Twenty-two patients received preoperative radiation, and 57 patients received radiation following surgery. There were 10 recurrences in the 79 patients treated. Most recurrences were from distant disease, and there was only one case of an isolated pelvic recurrence. Adjuvant radiation is well-tolerated, and the failure rate in the pelvis is low, even with aggressive lesions.
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PMID:Adjuvant radiation therapy in endometrial carcinoma. 221 85

Autologous lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) were administered intraperitoneally (IP) to 24 patients with malignancies limited to the peritoneal space. Ten patients had ovarian cancer, 12 had colorectal cancer, and one patient each had endometrial carcinoma and primary small-bowel adenocarcinoma. All ovarian cancer patients, three of twelve colorectal cancer patients, and one patient with endometrial carcinoma had received prior therapy. Patients received IL-2 100,000 U/kg every 8 hours intravenously (IV) for 3 days, and 2 days later underwent daily leukapheresis for 5 days. LAK cells were generated in vitro by incubating the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in IL-2 for 7 days and were then administered IP daily for 5 days through a Tenckhoff catheter (Davol, Inc, Cranston, RI) together with IL-2 25,000 U/kg IP every 8 hours. All but one patient completed at least one cycle of therapy. Toxic side effects included minor to moderate hypotension, fever, chills, rash, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, diarrhea, oliguria, fluid retention, thrombocytopenia, and minor elevations of liver function tests; all of these rapidly improved after discontinuation of IL-2. One patient had a grand mal seizure, and one suffered a colonic perforation; these were felt to be treatment-related. IP fibrosis developed in 14 patients and limited repeated cyclic administration of this therapy in five patients. Two of 10 (20%) ovarian cancer patients and five of 12 (42%) colorectal cancer patients had laparoscopy- or laparotomy-documented partial responses. We conclude that LAK cells and rIL-2 can be administered IP to cancer patients, resulting in moderate to severe short-term toxicity and modest therapeutic efficacy. Further investigation of this form of adoptive immunotherapy modified to address the problem of IP fibrosis and with lower IP IL-2 doses is justified by these initial results.
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PMID:Intraperitoneal lymphokine-activated killer-cell and interleukin-2 therapy for malignancies limited to the peritoneal cavity. 221 99

Clinical classification of gynecological tumours according to UICC and FIGO, and their histological classification according to WHO and the Japanese general rules for clinical and pathological management of gynecological tumours are presented. We have discussed the following histological topics which have close correlation with the clinical staging of gynecological tumours. 1. Postoperative recording of definite diagnosis according to pTNM and FIGO. 2. Difference of diagnostic criteria between squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of Ia stage of cervical cancer. 3. Differential diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ in endometrial cancer. 4. Objective findings for corporeal cavity and myometrial invasion of corpus carcinoma. 5. Correlation between histological classification of ovarian tumours and their malignant potentials. 6. Clinical significance of histological diagnosis of ovarian tumours invasion and cytological diagnosis of ascitic fluids.
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PMID:[Histological and clinical classification of gynecological tumours]. 221 45


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