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Query: UMLS:C0476089 (endometrial cancer)
 11,379 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-four patients with Stage II endometrial cancer were treated by a combination of preoperative radiation therapy followed by extrafascial hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and paraaortic lymph node sampling at the University of Kentucky Medical Center from 1967 to 1988. All patients had histologically confirmed endometrial cancer with involvement of the endocervix. The cell types and numbers of the tumors treated were as follows: adenocarcinoma, 58; adenoacanthoma, six; adenosquamous carcinoma, nine; and clear cell carcinoma, one. Preoperative radiation consisted of 4500 cGy external therapy followed by one intracavitary implant providing an additional 2000 cGy to point A. Surgery was done 4 to 6 weeks after completion of radiation therapy. Five patients (7.1%) had paraaortic lymph node metastases. Four were treated with extended-field radiation therapy and one with platinum-based combination chemotherapy. After treatment, the patients were followed at regular intervals from 2 to 22 years (mean, 5.4 years). Eleven patients (15%) had recurrent cancer, with the vagina and upper abdomen being the most common sites of spread. The estimated 5-year and 10-year disease-free survival rates of these patients are 88% and 76%, respectively. Cell type, depth of myometrial invasion, and lymph node status were the most important prognostic variables in the patients evaluated. These data confirm that the combination of preoperative radiation therapy and surgery produces excellent long-term survival in patients with Stage II endometrial cancer.
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PMID:Preoperative radiation therapy followed by extrafascial hysterectomy in patients with stage II endometrial carcinoma. 187 79

Endometrial hyperplasias and some endometrial carcinomas arise in a setting of estrogen excess. Steroid hormones interact with cells via specific receptors; assessing receptor levels may indicate a tissue's potential for interaction with that hormone. To examine estrogen receptor (ER) levels in endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, and physiologically cycling endometrium, an immunohistochemical technique utilizing a monoclonal anti-estrophilin (estrogen receptor) antibody was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. In complex hyperplasia and grade I adenocarcinoma, the mean percentages of epithelial cells demonstrating nuclear staining for ER was mildly decreased compared to proliferative endometrium. A trend was noted toward less ER staining in atypical hyperplasia compared to non-atypical complex hyperplasia. ER varied with physiologic cycling of the endometrium. ER was also present in atrophic endometrium, myometrium, adenomyosis, and leiomyomata. Immunohistochemistry permits localization of ER and is a useful technique in ER assessment of endometrial hyperplasias and carcinomas.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical estrogen receptor assessment in hyperplastic, neoplastic, and physiologic endometria. 187 29

Radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) was performed in 20 patients with gynecologic tumors, 14 ovarian, 5 cervical, and one endometrial carcinoma. One murine monoclonal antibody (mab) against placental alkaline phosphatase (H7) was used after radiolabeling with 131I. The labeling procedure yielded antibodies with specific activity varying between 60 and 73 MBq/mg mab. Each patient received 57 to 100 MBq of the preparation. RIS was performed 7 to 35 days later. Patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma had an accumulation of activity on RIS at tumor sites (79%, 11/14) verified by ultrasonography, CT, and clinical examination. A low or absent accumulation of activity was seen in patients with cervical tumors. The patient with an endometrial adenocarcinoma was seen to have an activity accumulation at RIS corresponding to tumor sites determined by ultrasound and/or CT. It is concluded that RIS using monoclonal antibodies against placental alkaline phosphatase can provide information which will supplement that gained from other investigations of patients with ovarian adenocarcinomas.
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PMID:Radioimmunoscintigraphy of gynecologic tumors with 131I-labeled anti-PLAP monoclonal antibodies. 191 Sep 91

Effectiveness of radiotherapy and measures for improvement of treatment were examined with regard to cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, for (1) adenocarcinoma, (2) metastatic cancer, and (3) cancer in persons of advanced age. I. (1) The prognosis of cervical adenocarcinoma is poor, but radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy can be expected to be effective for the poorly differentiated type, metastasis to the lymph node, and deep cervical invasion. (2) Radiotherapy has limited effectiveness for endometrial cancer and needs to be employed in combination with chemotherapy for the poorly differentiated type adenocarcinoma, serous adenocarcinoma, deep uterine wall invasion, vascular invasion, and metastasis to the lymph nodes. (3) In regard to cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, identification and computation of the labeling index of S-phase cells by BrdU and examination of the localization and the changes in the appearance of tumor markers and oncogenic products showed radiosensitivity of adenocarcinoma to be poor. (4) For ovarian cancer, whole pelvic irradiation by the moving strip (MS) method in combination with chemotherapy showed satisfactory results for stage I and stage II cancers. For stage III cancers, the results was not satisfactory when the residual tumor was 2 cm or larger in size. Whole pelvic irradiation of 50-TDF or more is necessary in such cases. II. The prognosis in cases of metastasis to multiple pelvic lymph nodes is poor. For such cases, it is desirable to employ paraaortic irradiation in combination with chemotherapy, with consideration of the histologic type and progress of the cancer. III. The prognosis is poor in persons of advanced age of 70 or over.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Significance of radiotherapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of gynecological malignant tumor]. 191 74

Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) were established from the same endometrial carcinoma. 1) Amplification of the N-ras gene was not able to be observed in Southern blot hybridization. K-ras gene amplification of KCC-1b was more than 10 fold that of KCC-1a and the control. N-myc gene amplification of KCC-1b was more than 3-5 fold that of KCC-1a. c-myc gene amplifications of KCC-1a and KCC-1b were more than 5-7 fold that of the control DNA. 2) p21 was observed in tubular adenocarcinoma but not in clear cell carcinoma. p21 was detected in KCC-1b cells but not in KCC-1a cells. 3) KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells had quite different characteristics in molecular biology.
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PMID:[Characterization of oncogenes (K, N-ras and N, c-myc) in subcloned cell lines (KCC-1a and 1b) derived from same endometrial carcinoma presenting well differentiated adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma]. 195 83

Sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) is a highly specific tumor marker composed of sugar chain antigens that have Lewis X at their terminals and bind to sialic acid. This antigen is rarely detected in normal tissues, and is present in adenocarcinoma and fetal tissues. We studied the clinical usefulness of SLX in gynecological patients and obtained the following results. (1) The antigen was frequently positive in patients with ovarian cancer with a mean of 89.5 +/- 48.3 U/ml (72.8%, 8/11) and in those with endometriosis with a mean of 39.8 +/- 10.3 U/ml (75.0%, 6/8). (2) Among the gynecological malignancies, the percent positivity was low in those with cervical cancer (20.0%, 5/25), endometrial cancer (33.3%, 1/3), and cancer of the fallopian tube (33.3%, 1/3). (3) The antigen was negative in 20 with myoma uteri, 20 normal pregnant women, and 9 nonpregnant healthy women during the follicular, luteal, or menstrual phase. It was negative in 8 of 9 patients with benign ovarian cyst. False negative results were rare. (4) The SLX level was higher in the ascites than in the serum in patients with ovarian cancer and in those with benign ovarian tumors. (5) The serum SLX in patients with ovarian cancer, which was positive before tumor resection, became negative 2 weeks postoperatively. These results suggest that SLX is a tumor marker with a high specificity to adenocarcinoma of the reproductive organs.
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PMID:Clinical evaluations of the tumor marker sialyl SSEA-1 antigen for clinical gynecological disease. 197 88

Between June 20, 1977 and February 5, 1983, the Gynecologic Oncology Group entered 1180 women with clinical stage I or II (occult) endometrial carcinoma into a surgical-pathological staging study. Eight hundred ninety-five patients with endometrioid or adenosquamous carcinoma were evaluable for this study which relates surgical-pathological parameters and postoperative treatment to recurrence-free interval and recurrence site. Proportional hazards modeling of time to recurrence was performed. For patients without metastasis determined by surgical-pathological staging the greatest determinant of recurrence was grade 3 histology adenocarcinoma grade 3, relative risk (RR) = 15; adenosquamous carcinoma grade 3, RR = 8.1; all adenocanthomas, RR = 1.0). Of 48 patients with histologically documented aortic node metastases, 47 had one or more of the following features: (1) grossly positive pelvic nodes, (2) grossly positive adnexal metastasis, or (3) outer one-third myometrial invasion. Pelvic radiation was administered to 48.0% and vaginal brachytherapy alone to 10.2% of patients postoperatively; 41.8% received no adjuvant radiation therapy. None of three recurrences in the vaginal implant group were vaginal or pelvic; 7.4% (7 of 95) of recurrences in the pelvic radiation therapy (RT) group were vaginal and 16.8% were pelvic; 18.2% (8 of 44) of recurrences in the no adjuvant radiation group were vaginal and 31.8% pelvic. Because of the high degree of selection bias no valid comparisons can be made of recurrence-free interval in these groups. The 5-year recurrence-free interval for patients with negative surgical-pathological risk factors (other than grade and myoinvasion) was 92.7%; involvement of the isthmus/cervix 69.8%; positive pelvic cytology 56.0%; vascular space invasion 55.0%; pelvic node or adnexal metastases 57.8%; and aortic node metastases or gross laparotomy findings 41.2%. It is not clear that cervix invasion per se diminishes survival, because it is more often associated with poor tumor differentiation (34.7% versus 24.0%, grade 3) and deep myoinvasion (47.0 vs 18.6%) than cases without cervix invasion. The relapse rate among cervix-positive and -negative cases with grade 3 lesions and deep myoinvasion is not dramatically different (48.8% vs 39.8%). The proportion of failures which were vaginal/pelvic (34.6% for the surgery only group compared to 12.5% of the RT group) appears to favor the use of adjuvant radiation for patients with more than one-third myoinvasion and grade 2 or 3 tumor. There were 97 patients in the study group with malignant cytology of which 29.1% had regional/distant failure, which compares to 10.5% of the cytology-negative patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Relationship between surgical-pathological risk factors and outcome in clinical stage I and II carcinoma of the endometrium: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 198 16

Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) were established from a resected endometrial carcinoma of a 67-year-old woman. The original tumor showed the bimorphic patterns of tubular adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma. The cell lines have been maintained for 50 months through 100 passages. The doubling time of KCC-1a was 87 hours, whereas that of KCC-1b was 144 hours. The number of chromosomes of KCC-1a distributed in a range from 33 to 79, whereas that of KCC-1b distributed in a range from 64 to 82 (mode, 76). Functionally, both KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells showed the productions of estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) but not estriol (E3) or progesterone (P). These cells grown in a serum-free medium secreted E1 (KCC-1a, 13.6 pg/ml; KCC-1b, 9.5 pg/ml) and E2 (10.5 pg/ml, 9.5 pg/ml) at passage 40. Neither KCC-1a nor KCC-1b cells contained estrogen or progesterone receptors. Tumor markers--alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125, and CA 19-9--were not detected. Both KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells produced tumors in nude mice xenografts. Histologically, the tumors of KCC-1a cells were clear cell carcinoma, whereas those of KCC-1b cells were tubular adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells will provide useful information to clarify the histogenesis of endometrial carcinoma combined with clear cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of unique cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) from endometrial adenocarcinoma with clear cell carcinoma presenting unusual karyotypes and estrogen secretion. 200 48

The purpose of this prospective clinical trial was to determine the reliability of the Pipelle endometrial biopsy instrument in recovering adequate tissue for confirmation of the diagnosis of endometrial cancer in patients with known endometrial carcinoma, and to compare endometrial histology of the sampling specimen with that of the subsequent hysterectomy specimen. Forty patients were enrolled in this study. All biopsies were performed in the office without anesthesia. The patients had a median age of 62 years (range 40-83). Discomfort was reported by the patient as mild, moderate, or severe; only two patients (5.0%) reported severe pain. There were no complications experienced with endometrial sampling. Thirty-nine of 40 specimens (97.5%) confirmed endometrial carcinoma; therefore, this study yielded a 97.5% sensitivity for the Pipelle endometrial sampling device. Comparing Pipelle and hysterectomy histology for individual patients, the histologic grade was the same in 29 (74.4%), while the Pipelle demonstrated a more advanced degree of differentiation in five (12.8%) and a lesser degree in five (12.8%). There was no residual tumor identified in one hysterectomy specimen (2.5%). Among the 12 patients who had a D&C for diagnostic purposes before referral, the Pipelle biopsy correlated with the D&C histology in ten of 12 (83.3%) and revealed a more advanced grade of tumor in one (8.3%) and a more differentiated grade in one (8.3%). In one patient, the D&C histology was adenocarcinoma grade 1, with the Pipelle demonstrating atypical hyperplasia and the hysterectomy specimen interpreted as endometrial adenocarcinoma in situ. This study demonstrates the Pipelle to be an accurate device for endometrial sampling in patients with endometrial carcinoma.
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PMID:Pipelle endometrial sampling in patients with known endometrial carcinoma. 203 Aug 77

Fifteen hundred sixty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrioid type (AC) were studied. These accounted for 78.9% of all 1985 patients with confirmed endometrial carcinoma diagnosed in Norway in the period 1970 through 1978. Four hundred and sixty-nine patients (29.9%) had well-differentiated tumors, 677 (43.2%) were moderately and 420 (26.8%) poorly differentiated. Eighty-one percent of the patients had surgicopathologic Stage I disease, 11% Stage II, 6% Stage III, and 2% Stage IV. Mean age at diagnosis was 62.1 years (range, 36 to 91). The crude 5-year and 10-year survival rates for all patients were 74.1% and 62.2%, respectively. Five-year crude survival was 86.8% for Grade 1 and 58.3% for Grade 3 tumors. The 5-year crude survival for patients with intramucosal tumors was 88.7% as opposed to 46.9% for patients with tumors infiltrating to the serosa. Sixty-six percent of the patients with vessel invasion survived for 5 years in contrast to 88.6% for patients without vessel invasion. Histologic grade, myometrial infiltration, vessel invasion, and lymphocyte reaction surrounding the tumor were strongly interrelated. Multivariate analysis showed that the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis was the most important single prognostic factor. Disregarding age, survival in operated patients was more dependent on the depth of myometrial invasion than on grade and stage of disease.
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PMID:Endometrial adenocarcinoma in Norway. A study of a total population. 204 53


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