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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We induced the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in rat kidney by intraperitoneal administration of 4-hydroxy-L-proline or sodium oxalate and studied the amounts and size distribution characteristics of the deposited crystals. Intravenous administration of sodium copper chlorophyllin inhibited the deposition and growth of calcium oxalate crystals induced by 4-hydroxy-L-proline or sodium oxalate. This finding may be of importance in calcium oxalate urolithiasis.
Invest Urol 1980 Sep
PMID:Effect of sodium copper chlorophyllin on the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in rat kidney. 705 81

The course of all 113 patients with Crohn's disease whose initial procedure involved an anastomosis operated upon from 1942 to 1972 was followed through 1980. The calculated cumulative 30-year total mortality was 23.4%, 16.7% disease-related. The cumulative recurrence rate was 29% at five years, 52% at ten years, 64% at 15 years and 84% at 25 years, with no important differences between disease locations and types of operation. Sex, age, duration, granulomas, enteral or perirectal fistulas and length of the resection, the disease, and the proximal resection margin had no significant influence on the rates of development of recurrent disease or on functional outcome. By far the most common site of recurrence was the neo-terminal ileum, but in ileocolitis compared with ileitis, recurrence was 5.2 times more likely (p = 0.0001) to involve the adjacent or remote colon as well. Moreover, only 1/63 ileitis patients eventually required ileostomy, whereas 15/47 patients with ileocolitis or colitis ultimately required this procedure (p less than 0.001). The current status of the patients was excellent or good in 64% and unwell or dead related in 24%. Urolithiasis developed in 19%.
Ann Surg 1982 Sep
PMID:The long-term outcome of restorative operation in Crohn's disease: influence of location, prognostic factors and surgical guidelines. 711 39

Between 1971 and 1980, 55 children with urolithiasis were assessed and treated. Pediatric urolithiasis accounted for 1:4090 hospital admissions. Forty percent of patients had no identifiable predisposition to urolithiasis. Eight patients presented with hematuria in the absence of renal colic suggesting that pediatric urolithiasis, although uncommon, is an important cause of painless hematuria.
Can J Surg 1982 Sep
PMID:Urolithiasis in children. 711 56

We present a model for oral uric acid loading which may be used to study the relapsing tendency of stone-formers. The oral administration of 2 g of guanosine was associated with two different response patterns of urinary uric acid excretion in patients with urolithiasis. The two groups also had considerably different relapse rates. The relapsing tendency in the group with the comparatively decreased reaction of urate excretion was less pronounced than in the group with enhanced uric acid excretion after oral purine loading.
Invest Urol 1980 Sep
PMID:Oral purine loading for evaluation of uric acid excretion in patients with urinary calculi. 741 20

We propose that in vitro urolithiasis research that involves crystallization should include in each observation set measurements made in a standard reference artificial urine to facilitate comparison of work done in different laboratories and facilitate the rate of advance in urolithiasis research. We describe a general technique to construct artificial urine and apply it to the construction of the reference artificial urine that we propose.
Invest Urol 1980 Sep
PMID:A proposal for a standard reference artificial urine in in vitro urolithiasis experiments. 741 32

We measured urinary oxalate by the method of Hallson and Rose before and during long-term thiazide therapy in 49 patients with recurrent urolithiasis. Urinary oxalate excretion in normal men and women on their usual diets was 38.8 +/- 10.3 mg per day (mean +/- SD) and in patients with calcific renal calculi was 45.9 +/- 14.3 mg per day. Hydrochlorothiazide produced a significant decrease in urinary oxalate excretion in patients treated for more than 12 months (33 +/- 10.6 mg per day). We believe that the thiazide-induced reduction of urinary oxalate excretion is related to reduced intestinal calcium absorption which has been shown during chronic thiazide therapy and may not be evident until 12 or more months of thiazide administration.
Invest Urol 1980 Sep
PMID:Reduction of urine oxalate during long-term thiazide therapy in patients with calcium urolithiasis. 741 33

We studied the growth of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals (weddellite) in simulated urine and its transformation into the more stable monohydrate (whewellite). Sodium copper chlorophyllin in a concentration of 100 microgram per ml inhibited the growth of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals in simulated urine. The size distribution parameters of the dihydrate crystals in the presence and absence of chlorophyllin suggest that soluble chlorophyllin could be of clinical significance in calcium oxalate urolithiasis.
Invest Urol 1980 Sep
PMID:Growth retardation of weddellite (calcium oxalate dihydrate) by sodium copper chlorophyllin. 743 22

59 children with urolithiasis were seen between 1969 and 1977 (8 1/2 years). Calculi from 50 patients were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Half of the patients were 0-4 years old, and in this age group males greatly predominated (76%). Calculi in 26 patients were of infectious, and in 15 patients of metabolic origin (cystinuria 7, idiopathic hypercalciuria 5, primary hyperoxaluria 3), whereas 18 were idiopathic. Most infectious stones contained struvite, and most idiopathic stones contained calcium oxalate. An infectious etiology was observed in 55% of the 0-5-year-old children (n = 33), but in only 20% of the 10-16-year-old ones. In contrast, the percentage of idiopathic stones rose from 18% in the youngest to 70% in the oldest age group, although the absolute numbers were similar in all age groups, Childhood urolithiasis in Switzerland is thus primarily observed in young male patients and is usually secondary to a definable cause.
Helv Paediatr Acta 1980 Sep
PMID:Childhood urolithiasis. 745 Dec 34

Urease (urea amidohydrolase; EC 3.5.1.5) catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to yield ammonia and carbamate. The latter compound spontaneously decomposes to yield another molecule of ammonia and carbonic acid. The urease phenotype is widely distributed across the bacterial kingdom, and the gene clusters encoding this enzyme have been cloned from numerous bacterial species. The complete nucleotide sequence, ranging from 5.15 to 6.45 kb, has been determined for five species including Bacillus sp. strain TB-90, Klebsiella aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Helicobacter pylori, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Sequences for selected genes have been determined for at least 10 other bacterial species and the jack bean enzyme. Urease synthesis can be nitrogen regulated, urea inducible, or constitutive. The crystal structure of the K. aerogenes enzyme has been determined. When combined with chemical modification studies, biophysical and spectroscopic analyses, site-directed mutagenesis results, and kinetic inhibition experiments, the structure provides important insight into the mechanism of catalysis. Synthesis of active enzyme requires incorporation of both carbon dioxide and nickel ions into the protein. Accessory genes have been shown to be required for activation of urease apoprotein, and roles for the accessory proteins in metallocenter assembly have been proposed. Urease is central to the virulence of P. mirabilis and H. pylori. Urea hydrolysis by P. mirabilis in the urinary tract leads directly to urolithiasis (stone formation) and contributes to the development of acute pyelonephritis. The urease of H. pylori is necessary for colonization of the gastric mucosa in experimental animal models of gastritis and serves as the major antigen and diagnostic marker for gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in humans. In addition, the urease of Y. enterocolitica has been implicated as an arthritogenic factor in the development of infection-induced reactive arthritis. The significant progress in our understanding of the molecular biology of microbial ureases is reviewed.
Microbiol Rev 1995 Sep
PMID:Molecular biology of microbial ureases. 756 14

Within eight years, since October 1985 till June 1993, we had been operating on 409 patients, who had been subjected to 500 percutaneous nephrolithotomies. In 30% per cent of all the operations we had used mechanical, electrohydraulic or ultrasound lithotripsy. Out of the total number of the patients, 7 per cent had been discharged with the residual stones, but in 5.6 per cent the ESWL or spontaneous exodus had been presumed. Serious complications we had registered at 10 patients (e.g. 2 per cent of all operations). None of them however had required an emergency nephrectomy. The authors discuss the today's position of the PNL among the other operative methods of treatment of urolithiasis.
Rozhl Chir 1994 Sep
PMID:[Percutaneous nephrolithotomy]. 771 54


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