Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate whether overall tubular dysfunction is encountered in a particular subgroup of patients with urolithiasis, the following parameters of renal tubular function have been measured in fasting morning urine in 124 male stone formers: excretion of lysozyme and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), fractional excretion (FE) or glucose, insulin, bicarbonate after an alkali load, and theoretical phosphate threshold (TmP/GFR). The following have been diagnosed: primary hyperparathyroidism (n = 3), medullary sponge kidneys (n = 5), hyperuricemia (n = 8), cystinuria (n = 1), struvite nephrolithiasis (n = 2), idiopathic hypercalciuria of the absorptive (n = 16), dietary (n = 46) or renal (n = 5) type, and normocalciuric idiopathic urolithiasis (n = 38). Urinary excretion of lysozyme and of gamma-GT were elevated in 14% and 21% of patients respectively; FE glucose and FE insulin were elevated in 6% and 8% of patients respectively. In 62% of the patients TmP/GFR was below 0.95 mmol/l and in 52% of the patients FE HCO3 after alkali load was above normal. The findings show that a large number of stone formers have signs of renal tubular dysfunction; apparent renal leaks of phosphate and of bicarbonate are the most frequently encountered defects; while they are not specific for a given etiologic group of patients, they have been found in each group. The latter observation suggests that nephrolithiasis itself can damage renal tubular function.
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PMID:[Tubular dysfunction in renal lithiasis: cause or consequence?]. 285 24

Urinary excretion of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, angiotensin I converting enzyme, beta-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase was evaluated in 30 patients with idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Higher than normal values were observed and the excretory enzyme pattern suggested tubular damage in patients with stones. A parallel study in the rat showed that an oxalate surcharge can promote increased urinary excretion of these enzymes. It is known that urothelium injury may enhance crystal adhesion. If the damage is primary it may be viewed as a promoting factor. If it is secondary it may be considered a factor capable of increasing salt precipitation.
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PMID:Increased urinary excretion of renal enzymes in idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. 613 62