Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 38 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism seen at a single hospital within a four a half year period is reported. The importance of hypercalcemia in the diagnosis of this syndrome and its screening in cases of arterial hypertension, gout, osteoporosis, and families with type I multiple endocrine neoplasia are underlined. The patients in the present series had a florid clinical history with a mean duration of 14 years. Main symptoms were urolithiasis (52%), arterial hypertension (28.9%), bone involvement and pain (23.7%), and peptic ulcer (18.4%). There were a high proportion of patients with hyperuricemia (26.3%), some with classical symptoms of gout. One patient presented simultaneous pituitary and pancreatic involvement. Surgical therapy was undertaken in 25 patients, of whom 24 (96%) were cured, one of them after reoperation. There were no cases of relapse, hypoparathyroidism, or postoperative death. Surgery is the only rational and definitive form of treatment of hyperparathyroidism; both experienced surgeons and pathologists are necessary to deal with the anatomic and histologic subtleties of this interesting endocrine disorder.
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PMID:[Comments on a series of 38 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)]. 724 69

Out of a regional traumatic spinal cord injury population consisting of 379 individuals, 353 (93.1%) participated in the present study. Subjects were individually interviewed using semi-structured protocols. In addition, previous medical records were available for over 96% of subjects, and were used in all these cases to minimise recall bias. Cause of injury, prevalence of present medical symptoms and occurrence of medical complications in the post-acute, post-discharge phase were recorded. Neurological classification was verified by physical examination according to ASIA/IMSOP standards. Many subjects had experienced complications since discharge from initial hospitalisation, especially urinary tract infections, decubitus ulcers, urolithiasis, and neurological deterioration. Prevalence of medical symptoms was also high. More than 41% of subjects with spastic paralysis reported excessive spasticity to be associated with additional functional impairment and/or pain. Almost two-thirds of subjects reported significant pain, with a predominance of neurogenic-type pain. Bladder and bowel dysfunction were each rated by nearly 41% of subjects as a moderate to severe life problem. As expected, sexual dysfunction was also commonly reported. Prevalence of reported symptoms by general systems review was high, particularly fatigue, constipation, ankle oedema, joint and muscle problems, and disturbed sleep. However, lack of adequate normative data precludes comparison with the general population. The frequent occurrence of reported medical problems and complications support advocacy of comprehensive, life-long care for SCI patients. The commonly reported problems of neurogenic pain and neurological deterioration, in particular, require more attention, as these symptoms are not seldom ominous, either by virtue of their impact on quality of life, or because of underlying pathology.
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PMID:The Stockholm spinal cord injury study: 1. Medical problems in a regional SCI population. 764 55

ESWL of urinary stones is a well-established treatment in adult patients. The treatment of urinary stones in children has gained increasing importance in recent years. From 1987 to 1993, a series of 27 children with urolithiasis in all parts of the urinary tract were treated by ESWL. Treatment was performed with general anaesthesia or analgosedation. During the treatment no complications occurred. On average, 34 sessions of ESWL, with 2165 shockwaves and 22.3 kV energy, were performed. Minor early complications, such as fever, pain and hydronephrosis, were observed in 7 patients. The overall stone clearance rate was 92%. Stone recurrence occurred in only 1 patient. There were no late complications, such as malfunction of the kidney, skeletal deformation or hypertension after 38 months of follow up. In conclusion, ESWL is the treatment of first choice in paediatric urolithiasis.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in children. Complications and long-term results]. 767 42

Laser lithotripsy is a new method of treating symptomatic urolithiasis. The pulsed dye laser lithotripter uses coumarin to deliver energy with a visible peak wave-length of 504 nm. This energy is transmitted to the calculus through an optical fiber, and mechanical disruption of the stone occurs when multiple pulses of laser energy are applied to the surface of the stone. The method is safe and effective for impacted ureteral calculi. A woman at 20 weeks of pregnancy experienced intractable pain secondary to a 9-mm, distal ureteral stone. She was treated successfully with endoscopic fragmentation using pulsed dye laser lithotripsy.
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PMID:Laser lithotripsy in pregnancy. A case report. 772 82

Sound, vacuum and electrical stimulation of urodynamics on the units Intrafon, Intraton, electric aspirator has been assessed in 311 urolithiasis patients. Sound stimulation of the upper urinary tracts in the presence of ureteroliths improves urodynamics in 88% of cases, in multiple fragments of the stones crashed at impulse lithotripsy in 81.3%. Vacuum exposure of the upper urinary tracts relieves pain in one third of the patients. The highest effect on urodynamics (93.5%) and the concrement dislodgement rate (82.2%) occurred in sound combined with vacuum stimulation. Modification of the direct electrical stimulation of upper urinary tract urodynamics is proposed to recover the tract tonicity. It can be also used in surgical patients with drained tracts for elimination of the stones and fragments as well as for prevention of lithogenesis.
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PMID:[The stimulation of the urodynamics of the upper urinary tract in the combined treatment of urolithiasis]. 787 18

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using Sonolith 3000 was performed on 153 patients with urolithiasis form October, 1990 to April, 1992. The location of the stone was as follows; kidney in 70 cases, ureter in 82 cases and a Kock reservoir in one case. A double J catheter was installed in 6 cases before ESWL. Epidural anesthesia was required in 4 cases because of severe pain. Among 149 cases available for follow up one month after ESWL, 119 cases (79.9%) became stone free and 19 cases (12.8%) retained stone fragments less than 4 mm in diameter. The effectiveness rate, calculated as the sum of the cases stated above, was 92.7%. A side effect was observed in one case which was perirenal hematoma but required no therapy.
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PMID:[Clinical experience in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with Sonolith 3000 for urinary stones]. 846 98

Interdisciplinary use of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy with sonographic or fluoroscopic guidance has become a routine procedure in clinical practice, for both urolithiasis and cholecystolithiasis. Therefore, newly developed systems with combined locating devices are gaining in importance. A primary sonographically guided lithotripter was extended by a mobile X-ray system. The results were compared with those obtained with a first-generation lithotripter. The results show that sufficient disintegration of stones throughout the urinary tract is possible with both systems. The retreatment rate with both lithotripters was 30% when stone size was comparable. No essential differences in treatment time, shockwave energy and pain were found. The easy localisation of radiolucent stones, convenient positioning of the patient and successful localisation of ureteral stones near to the spine are advantages of the MPL 9000 X. On the other hand, the technically simpler fluoroscopy system and greater ease of electrode changing are advantages of the HM3 Lithotripter. Altogether, differences in the application of the two systems are slight and insignificant except in special cases.
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PMID:[Combined ultrasound and roentgen localization in ESWL. Initial clinical experiences]. 847 12

Despite much research on FUS, there still is no consensus regarding its cause, or even its definition. We recently have demonstrated that some cases of FUS are similar to interstitial cystitis in human beings. Exclusion of anatomic defects, behavior abnormalities, neoplasia, urolithiasis, urethral obstruction, and urinary tract infection leads one to the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis in cats. This diagnosis suggests the need for new approaches to treatment, including pain management and environmental modification.
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PMID:Interstitial cystitis in cats. 871 67

Urolithiasis during pregnancy, though rare, can be challenging both diagnostically and therapeutically. It is helpful if the physician is quick to suspect the presence of stones in the presence of appropriate signs and symptoms, particularly flank pain and tenderness, hematuria, or unresolved bacteriuria. Ultrasonography is the diagnostic imaging method of choice, but modified intravenous urography should be performed whenever this study is necessary for a prompt diagnosis. In the absence of sepsis, renal failure, or intractable pain, conservative management with hydration, analgesics, and (if infection is present) antibiotics is the favored initial approach. If conservative management fails, stent insertion or placement of a percutaneous nephrostomy tube may be appropriate. Ureteroscopy with stone manipulation for distal ureteral stones during pregnancy has also been reported in some cases. If these methods fail, open surgery should be used for stone removal.
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PMID:Urinary calculi during pregnancy. When are they cause for concern? 885 87

Urolithiasis is one of the most common causes of pain in pregnancy. Renal calculi can create a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge; left untreated, they can adversely affect maternal and fetal outcome. Although most cases of obstructive uropathy can be managed conservatively, some require relief of obstruction, usually by placement of a ureteral stent. We describe the use of ultrasound to identify an obstructed collecting system and provide guidance for placement of a double-pigtail ureteral stent in two pregnant patients. The technique used to manipulate the guide wire and stent into the renal pelvis under real-time ultrasound monitoring is discussed.
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PMID:Placement of ureteral stents in pregnancy using ultrasound guidance. 911 18


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