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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Uric acid urolithiasis develops from various causes. To investigate the clinical and biochemical presentation of patients with uric acid urolithiasis, a retrospective study was designed. A total of 46 cases were enrolled between January 2004 and December 2005. The compositions of the stones were analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry. There were 39 males (84.8%) and seven females (15.2%), with a mean age of 61.5 +/- 10.6 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 26.7 +/- 3.1 kg/m2. The stone location was kidney in 10 (21.7%), ureter in 22 (41.8%), and bladder in 14 (30.5%). Multiple stones were diagnosed in 36 patients (78.3%). Pre-existing comorbidities included diabetes mellitus in 11 patients (23.9%), hypertension in 23 (50%), gout in 13 (28.2%), and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 14 (30.4%). Mean serum creatinine and uric acid was 1.6 +/- 0.6 mg/dL and 7.6 +/- 1.8 mg/dL, respectively. There were 27 patients (58%) with creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL. The mean urinary pH was 5.42 +/- 0.46. Patients with uric acid urolithiasis were predominantly male, older, with higher BMI, multiple stone presentation, with lower urinary pH, and hyperuricemia. Exacerbation of the renal function should also be of concern because of the high proportion of patients with renal insufficiency diagnosed in this study.
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PMID:Clinical study of uric acid urolithiasis. 1752 14

Uric acid nephrolithiasis and unduly acidic urinary pH are both considered a renal manifestation of insulin resistance but the underlying mechanisms for the development of low urinary pH and the propensity for uric acid stone formation are not completely elucidated. Nevertheless, excessive dietary acid intake, increased endogenous acid production and/or defective NH4+ excretion play an important role, among other factors. The main principles of therapy for uric acid nephrolithiasis are aimed at urinary alkalinization through diet modification or pharmacologic agents, increase of urinary volume, and less importantly at the reduction of uric acid excretion.
Urolithiasis 2016 Feb
PMID:Treatment of patients with uric acid stones. 2664 68

Uric acid urolithiasis constitutes approximately 7-10% of all urinary stones. Previous studies have revealed that patients with gout do not equally have uric acid stones. Instead, the risk of gout in patients with uric acid stones remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether there is different associated risk of gout for diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-diabetes patients with uric acid urolithiasis. Therefore, we examined all baseline chemistries to determine any risk factors or protective factors related to developing gout in patients with uric acid stones. Ninety-nine patients from a single medical center, who had a uric acid component in their stone specimen were enrolled and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively between January 2010 and December 2016. All patients were divided into gout and non-gout groups. Gout was confirmed in 24 patients in this study (24.2%). The proportion of DM was significantly higher in the non-gout group (34.7%) than in the gout group (4.3%, p < 0.05). Renal function was decreased and serum triglyceride was higher in patients with gout. Uric acid urolithiasis patients with DM had a lower risk for gout (adjusted odds ratio: 0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.01-0.61, p = 0.015). In 89 patients with predominant uric acid stones (>50% uric acid composition), the risk for gout was still lower in patients with diabetes than non-diabetes (adjusted odds ratio: 0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.01-0.61, p = 0.015). These findings suggest that decreased risk of gout is found in uric acid urolithiasis patients with diabetes. Our results imply that patients with uric acid stones should have complete diabetes evaluation before the administration of uric acid controlling medication.
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PMID:Decreased Associated Risk of Gout in Diabetes Patients with Uric Acid Urolithiasis. 3155 90