Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous cutaneous fistulae and abscesses of the renal pelvis and ureter have become rare. Six case reports demonstrate their etiology and differential diagnostic problems. If there is no underlying urologic disease, above all no urolithiasis, other causes of fistulae and abscesses should be kept in mind, the most frequent of these being Crohn's disease.
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PMID:[Spontaneous fistulae and abscesses of the upper urinary tract (author's transl)]. 50 87

Mucosal folds in the ureter or renal pelvis were demonstrated in 2 children and 27 adults with urolithiasis. It appeared from the sequence of events observed in these cases that the folds occurred in a redundant mucosa following an episode of mural stretching. Urinalysis, including bacterial culture in the majority of cases, showed infection in only 3 of the adults.
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PMID:Mucosal folding in upper urinary pathways following ureterolithiasis. 98 62

Between August 1987 and December 1990, 546 patients were admitted to the department of Urology at the Poh Ai Hospital of I-Lan, Taiwan, R.O.C. for the treatment of urinary stones. These urinary stone cases accounted for 50 to 60% of all urology patients admitted. The incidence of urolithiasis in I-Lan was estimated at 147/100,000 population in 1990. There were 402 male patients and 144 female patients, The male to female ratio was 2.8: 1. There were 450 upper urinary tract stones (kidney, ureter) in 314 males and 136 females, and 79 lower urinary tract stones (bladder, urethra) in 72 males and 7 females. The ratio of upper to lower urinary tract stones was 6:1. Endourological treatments such as percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and transurethral ureterolithotripsy have increased rapidly in recent years. A summary of the present analysis for composition of 365 stones follows. The most frequent type was calcium-containing stone (92.3%), followed by infection stone (4.7%), then uric acid (UA) stone (3.0%). There were no UA stones found in the female patients. According to urinalysis criteria of more than 10 WBC/HPF (x 400), pyuria was found in 67 cases of 334 metabolic stones (20.1%), and 11 cases of 17 infection stones (67.7%). There were neither pediatric case of stone formation nor cystine stones.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of urolithiasis in Poh Ai Hospital of I-Lan, Taiwan, R.O.C.--a comparative study with urolithiasis in Japan]. 128 22

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been proved to be an effective method of treating upper urinary tract calculi. However, there is little experience with the use of this approach in pediatric urolithiasis, especially for lower urinary tract calculi. Nine children, aged 1-18 years, were treated here with urolithiasis in the renal pelvis, lower ureter and bladder, using Dornier MFL 5000. A polystyrene plate was used to protect small children from chest damage. Prone position was routinely used to treat lower ureteral and vesical calculi, thus avoiding bony pelvis blockage of shock wave energy. Excellent pulverization was achieved in eight cases; fragmentation in only one case, then required cystolithotripsy for bladder stone fragments three months after ESWL. No patient had melena. Neither hemoptysis nor gastrointestinal complications were seen. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a safe and effective method of treating urinary tract calculi in children.
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PMID:Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in children: experience with the multifunctional lithotripter MFL 5000. 129 46

Eighteen patients were evaluated before and 5 weeks after the first treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using abdominal plain radiography, 131I-hippuran probe renography, and 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy. In 6 patients no urolithiasis was present on the post ESWL plain radiograph, in 7 the size had decreased, and in 5 the stone mass was unchanged. The renograms were within normal range in the 6 patients who were cured by ESWL, whereas this was the case for only 4 of the 12 who still had renal calculi. In 2 patients pelvic stones had descended into the ureter after ESWL, and the renograms indicated obstruction. Another 3 patients had ureteral stones, whereas in the remaining 7 patients only pelvic stones were found on the plain radiographs. In no patient did the scintigrams reveal scars. It is concluded that abdominal plain radiography of the urinary tract and probe renography are complementary and sufficient in the monitoring of patients with urolithiasis post ESWL.
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PMID:Plain radiography, renography, and 99mTc-DMSA renal scintigraphy before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for urolithiasis. 133 58

Medical records of 68 horses with urolithiasis were examined. Calculi were in the bladder in 47 horses, urethra in 11 horses, kidneys in 15 horses, and ureter in two horses. They occurred at several sites in six horses. Common clinical signs included hematuria, altered micturition (pollakiuria, dysuria, urinary incontinence), and tenesmus. Weight loss, possibly attributable to chronic renal failure and colic, was associated more commonly with renal and ureteral calculi. Weight loss also occurred in 13% of horses with cystic calculi only. In male horses, most cystic calculi were removed by perineal (ischial) urethrotomy under epidural anesthesia. Although there were few surgical complications with urethrotomy, seven of 15 horses with follow-up suffered recurrent urolithiasis.
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PMID:Urolithiasis in 68 horses. 158 59

A series of 270 paediatric stone patients was studied retrospectively according to the clinical pattern of urolithiasis (age and sex, stone location, stone analysis, recurrence rate) and aetiology of stone disease (infection, anatomical, metabolic or idiopathic). Infection stones occurred earliest and more commonly in males and were usually upper tract struvite calculi related to Proteus infection. Anatomical stones were most commonly associated with pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction and had a high recurrence rate, despite surgical correction of obstruction. Idiopathic stones most resembled those found in adult urolithiasis by virtue of occurring latest, being sited in the ureter more often and being more frequently composed of calcium oxalate. Metabolic stones were most frequently calcium phosphate or cystine and virtually all were renal. They comprised the smallest group but had the highest recurrence rate.
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PMID:Clinical patterns of paediatric urolithiasis. 188 49

With EDAP LT-01 PLUS, a new extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor which generates shock waves by 320 ceramic elements activated by the piezoelectric effect and which was produced to be used for the treatments of both urolithiasis and gall bladder stones, we performed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) on 37 patients with urolithiasis between November 22, 1989 and July 31, 1990. Thirty seven target stones of 37 patients were located in the renal calyx (11 cases), renal pelvis (3 cases), UPJ (6 cases), renal calyx and pelvis (1 case), renal calyx and UPJ (1 case), renal calyx and upper ureter (1 case), upper ureter (9 cases), middle ureter (1 case), and lower ureter (4 cases). None of the patients needed anesthesia. The average number of treatments per case was 2.9 and the average total times of treatment per case was 196 minutes. The overall stone-free rate one month after the last ESWL treatment was 54.1% (20/37), and no patients had any major side-effects. Judging from our present clinical application, we concluded that EDAP LT-01 PLUS is a useful extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor for urolithiasis.
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PMID:[Clinical application of EDAP LT-01 PLUS on extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for urolithiasis]. 189 17

Although extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has become the standard therapy for urolithiasis, there are still indications for endoscopic stone treatment. Laser lithotripsy in association with flexible or semirigid "miniscopes" has become increasingly important for this form of therapy. So far the Nd: YAG and the pulsed dye laser have been used for laser lithotripsy in clinical applications. Since each system has its specific drawbacks, the new solid state alexandrite laser was developed to combine the advantages of the two existing systems. In order to evaluate the lithotriptic potential of the alexandrite laser, a stone model and eight human calculi were exposed to the laser in an experimental setting. Results with the stone model were comparable to those obtained with a reference Nd: YAG system. Adequate destruction was possible in all the human calculi except for one monohydrate stone. In the second part of the study, bladder and ureteric wall were exposed to the laser in ten female pigs, with different numbers of shock waves at various energy levels. While there was a relatively high incidence of early changes, late histological specimens 4-5 weeks after the exposure did not reveal any significant pathology. There was no stricture-formation in the ureter. Finally 12 patients were treated with ureteroscopical laser lithotripsy, and 8 of these were evaluatable. All were stone free without any additional lithotripsy and did not develop any secondary changes in the ureter. The alexandrite laser can therefore be expected to become a safe, reliable and cost-effective alternative for endoscopic stone treatment.
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PMID:[Experimental results and initial clinical experiences with the alexandrite laser lithotripter]. 198 Dec 89

We report our initial experience using the pulsed dye laser in 26 patients with urolithiasis. The patients ranged in age from 27 to 82 years; 11 patients were female and 15 were male. Of the 26 patients, 4 stones were in the kidney, 21 were in the ureter, and one was in the bladder. Surgical time ranged from 32 to 130 minutes. All patients were treated under spinal or general anesthesia. The size of ureteral stones ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 cm, and the renal stones 3.0 to 4.0 cm. Chemical analysis of the stones was not available on all patients, but when available, chemical analysis revealed the stones to be calcium monohydrate, calcium dihydrate, or struvite. The use of the Candela miniscope in 11 patients permitted access without ureteral dilation. In 19 patients, ureteral stents were placed. One patient suffered a ureteral perforation. Success was defined as adequate disintegration of the stone for passage of the fragments without the necessity of a secondary procedure. Using this criterion, 22 of 26 patients were successfully treated for an overall success rate of 85%.
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PMID:Preliminary experience with the pulsed dye laser for treatment of urolithiasis. 199 74


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