Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Drug-induced urolithiasis are observed in 1.6% of the urinary calculi in France. Drugs crystals are identified in two thirds of these stones. Other drugs are responsible for stones which have an apparent metabolic origin (one third of the cases). Stone analysis using physical methods such as infrared spectroscopy is needed to unambiguously identify stones containing drugs. The inquiry is an important step to identify lithogenetic drugs which do not crystallize in the stones. The main substances which were identified in stones over the past decade were indinavir monohydrate (31.4%), triamterene (11.1%), sulphonamides (10.5%) and amorphous silica (4.5%). The main drugs involved in the nucleation and growth of metabolic stones were calcium and vitamin D supplementation (15%) and long-term treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (8%). Stone prevention is based on drug withdrawal or change in dosage with additional measures including an increase of diuresis and, if necessary, changes in the urine pH.
 ...
PMID:[Drug-induced urinary calculi in 1999]. 1065 46

The paper presents the results of the 1-year screening of biochemical parameters of urine in female patient with recurrent calcium urate urolithiasis. Based on the data of quantitative X-ray phase analysis of the composition of stone and a complex of clinical and laboratory examination, reasons for recurrent stone formation were determined. The main reasons included hypocitraturia, hyperosmolarity of urine and uric acid diathesis. Therapy with citrate mixtures and adequate water schedule (daily urine--2-2.5 liters) for 10 weeks allowed to increase the urinary pH, led to 2.5-fold increase in daily urinary citrate excretion and getting rid of residual stones in both kidneys. The effect of citrate therapy lasted for a further six months after drug withdrawal. Subsequently, the daily urinary citrate excretion and pH decreased, but even after 8 months remained still above baseline values. Obviously, for high risk patients it is necessary to define the daily excretion of citrate, and diagnosis of hypocitraturia requires long course therapy with citrate mixtures, with a break ofnot more than six months and obligate maintenance of adequate diuresis.
 ...
PMID:[DIAGNOSIS OF METABOLIC DISORDERS AND METAPHYLAXIS OF RECURRENT CALCIUM OXALATE UROLITHIASIS]. 2685 47