Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ninety-six urine samples were collected by a sterile technique from 75 dogs affected with urinary tract disease (cystitis, urolithiasis, prostatitis, etc) involving bacteruria. The infecting organisms were isolated and tested against sensitivity discs (penicillin G, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulphamethoxazole/trimethaprin and Sulphatriad). The commonest isolate was Escherichia coli, which was generally sensitive to several agents, though in eight cases it was resistant to all drugs. Next in order were Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Proteus spp. A double infection was present in 11 cases. Further data give a breakdown for sex and the clinical diagnosis, neither of which was related to any particular organism.
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PMID:Lower urinary tract pathogens in the dog and their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. 33 57

The examination of 630 miners aged 18-64 working in the mines of the Lugansk region revealed urinary and renal diseases in 15.7% of them. They were affected with chronic prostatitis (34.3%), urolithiasis (27.2%), chronic pyelonephritis (14.2%), 162 miners (33%) out of 490 had urinary shifts (hematuria in 91, proteinuria in 52, both hematuria and proteinuria in 19 examinees) when examined upon ascending from the mine. 61 miners had urinary syndrome only after working shifts. It was unrelated to relevant diseases. The authors point out the necessity of active screening of renal and urinary diseases during routine medical check-ups in miners.
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PMID:[Diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract and possibilities of their active detection in miners]. 138 82

During a one-year morbidity survey of urinary tract diseases in general practice 741 cases were diagnosed. Only about half of all the patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection had significant bacteriuria. In young women urinary tract infections and symptoms from the urinary tract without bacteriuria-in particular urethritis-were found to predominate. In middle-aged women, the urinary tract symptoms were ascribed increasingly to genital prolapse, while incidence of urolithiasis was the highest in any group, and urinary tract infections became less frequent. The prevalence of urinary tract infection showed another increase in elderly women, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis, which occurs with a steadily increasing prevalence throughout all age groups, became common.In younger male urological patients diseases with symptoms of urinary tract infection without bacteriuria were predominant, whereas prostatitis and urinary tract infections were less frequent. In middle-aged men, urolithiasis was especially frequent, while an increasing proportion of elderly men had prostatic hypertrophy, urinary tract infections, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Epidemiology of urinary tract diseases in general practice. 418 93

Prostatodynia is a clinical entity associated with voiding symptoms and pelvic pain suggestive of prostatitis but with a normal prostate examination and without evidence of inflammation or infection in expressed prostatic secretions. The problem tends to be chronic and is vexing in its management. Although thought to be a common condition, prevalence data are generally lacking. From June to October 1995, the U.S. Army's 86th Combat Support Hospital provided medical support to a multinational United Nations peacekeeping force in Haiti. Patients diagnosed with prostatodynia were more common (13 cases) than men with other urologic problems (urolithiasis, 6 cases; urinary tract infection, 6 cases; scrotal abscess/mass, 2 cases; epididymitis, 1 case). Patients tended to be young (mean age 29.8), had multiple visits, failed to respond to multiple courses of antibiotics for presumed "prostatitis," and denied recent sexual relations. Some patients reported having had similar symptoms on prolonged separation from their spouses in the past that resolved with resumption of normal intercourse. Masturbation, however, had no impact on symptoms and was painful in some individuals. Terazosin, an alpha-antagonist, and stress-reduction therapy led to improvement in some patients' symptoms. A discussion of these retrospective findings in light of what is known about the possible etiologies and treatment of prostatodynia is presented. Prostatodynia appears to be a common problem in deployed troops and can lead to frequent use of medical services. Physicians supporting long deployments need to be aware of this entity.
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PMID:Prostatodynia in United Nations peacekeeping forces in Haiti. 918 57

The biofilm mode of growth has been implicated in the majority of human bacterial infections. In the urinary tract, notable biofilm-associated infections include prostatitis, chronic cystitis, struvite urolithiasis, and catheter-associated infections. Biofilms protect the causative organisms from host defences and antimicrobial therapy. Biofilm formation has traditionally been considered to result from adhesion and capsule formation by adherent microorganisms. Recent work has shown that a large number of genes are activated during this process, some of which have been associated with twitching motility, quorum sensing, and slow growth. In this paper, we review some of the recent work on biofilm biology and highlight its role in urinary tract infections, particularly those associated with urinary catheters.
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PMID:The development of bacterial biofilms on indwelling urethral catheters. 1065 64

A novel difluoroquinolone drug sparfloxacine has a wide antibacterial spectrum. It is active both against gram-negative and gram-positive flora. Sparfloxacine was tried in 43 patients with pyelonephritis and prostatitis complicated with urolithiasis, diabetes mellitus, nephroptosis, anomalous kidneys, etc. The drug was given according to its pharmacokinetics for 7-14 days in a daily dose 400 mg (day 1) then 200 mg/day. The effectiveness of sparfloxacine in complicated pyelonephritis and prostatitis was rather high: clinical response reached 83.7%, bacteriological one--78.7%.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of sparfloxacin (sparflo) in the treatment of complicated forms of pyelonephritis and prostatitis]. 1189 27

The authors review the effectiveness of a novel fluoroquinolone drug sparfloxacine (Sparflo, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories) in the treatment of patients with complicated forms of pyelonephritis and prostatitis. Both gramnegative and grampositive agents causing complicated urologic infections were highly sensitive to sparfloxacine: Enterobacter spp.--40.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa--38.5%, Proteus spp.--42.6%, E. coli--91.4%, Staphylococcus spp.--80.0%, Enterococcus faecalis--21.4%. Sparfloxacine was used in the treatment of 43 patients with complicated pyelonephritis and prostatitis. The complicating factors were the following: urolithiasis, renal anomalies, hydronephrotic transformation, nephroptosis, benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clinical response reached 83.7%; microbiological--78.7%. Thus, sparfloxacin has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity and can be effectively used in patients with complicated infections of the urinary tract.
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PMID:[Use of sparfloxacin (Sparflo) in treating complicated urologic infections]. 1207 17

A 37-year-old small bowel transplant recipient with a history of urolithiasis was admitted for dysuria after passing a urinary stone. His laboratory evaluation showed increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Urinalysis showed increased white blood cells and positive leukocyte esterase. A computed tomography scan revealed signs of urinary tract obstruction and prostatic enlargement. He failed to respond initially to empiric antibiotic treatment with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin sulbactam while waiting for culture results. The pathogen recovered from both urine and blood culture was subsequently identified as Nocardia asteroides complex. The isolate was sensitive to ceftriaxone and sulfa but resistant to ciprofloxacin. The patient improved on ceftriaxone and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and completed a 6-month course without any relapse. Nocardia prostatitis is an uncommon infection and must be treated with a long course of antibiotics guided by susceptibility testing.
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PMID:Nocardia prostatitis in a small intestine transplant recipient. 1297 90

The case histories of 299 patients examined at the Urogenital Department, Novosibirsk Research Institute of Tuberculosis, were analyzed to define the etiology of urogenital diseases. The diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis was established in 112 (37.4%) patients; that of chronic nonspecific pyclonephritis was in 90 (30.1%) patients; chronic nonspecific prostatitis was detected in 49 (16.4%) males; urolithiasis was found in 20 (6.7%) patients. Twelve (4%) and 60 (20.1%) patients were diagnosed as having urinary system cancer and hematuria, respectively. Hematuria most frequently (75%) was indicative of the presence of a tumor. However, in renal tuberculosis, this sign was also revealed in 24.1% of the patients. It should be noted that there is a recent tendency for an increase in the incidence of diseases concurrent with hematuria: the kidney has been found to be concomitantly afflicted with tuberculosis and cancer in 2 patients; tuberculosis is concurrent with nephrolithiasis in 2 other patients.
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PMID:[Significance of hematuria in phthisiourology]. 1452 93

An 8-year-old, entire male crossbreed dog had a 2-day history of abdominal pain and straining to urinate and defecate. A diagnosis of urolithiasis with urinary retention, and probable prostatitis was made. The dog was treated with fluids and enrofloxacin. Five days later, ultrasonography of the prostate showed two hypoechoic areas compatible with abscesses. Twelve hours later, the patient started to urinate from the rectum during micturition and urethrorectal fistula was diagnosed. The omentalization of the prostatic abscesses and castration were performed and calculi were removed. The urethrorectal fistula was treated conservatively with an indwelling urinary catheter, a low residue diet and antibiotics. The dog recovered uneventfully without recurrence of the fistula.
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PMID:A urethrorectal fistula due to prostatic abscess associated with urolithiasis in a dog. 1668 90


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