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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Echography has recently become one of the leading methods of examination in different branches of medicine. Despite its high informativeness, however, it is not used widely in pediatrics. The article generalizes the practical experience accumulated in ultrasonic examination of urinary organs in children with developmental anomalies and diseases of the kidneys, ureters, urolithiasis, and Wilms' tumor. Besides, the possibility of echography as a screening test in outpatient examination of children with changed values of urinalysis is shown for the first time in pediatric practice. The authors describe the advantages of the method in combined developmental anomalies and regular medical examination of patients after various methods of treatment. They emphasize its merits (absolute safety, no injurious effect, high informativeness, the possibility of performing it in children who are in a grave condition, its extensive use under outpatient conditions, etc.). It is shown the ultrasonic examination in outpatient clinics makes it possible to divert from the traditional plan of radiourological examination of children, which includes excretory urography performed in children in inpatient clinics as a rule. It is obvious that the use of echography as a diagnostic test will make it possible to exclude the radiation load which is most harmful for the growing and developing organism and will not require mass hospitalization, which will undoubtedly have a high therapeutic and economical effect.
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PMID:[Ultrasonic study in the diagnosis of developmental defects and diseases of the urinary system in children]. 226 3

8 cases of XGP in children are reported. The presence of urolithiasis together with xanthogranulomatous lesion in 7 cases and of nephroblastoma in one may be of help in understanding the aetiopathogenesis. In all the cases the involved kidney did not function thus necessitating subcapsular nephrectomy via retroperitoneal approach.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children. Report of 7 cases and one associated with nephroblastoma. 301 18

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an uncommon disease in children. We report of a 2-month-old girl with urinary tract infection and with a renal mass detected by ultrasound scan. The preoperative differential diagnoses were Wilms tumor, multicystic dysplastic kidney, renal abscess, and mesoplastic nephroma. The subsequent histopathological findings allowed the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). Although XGP is rare at this age, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child presenting with renal mass, either with or without associated urolithiasis, anemia, and elevated inflammatory markers. The long-standing mainstay of therapy for diffuse XGP has been nephrectomy. However, we report the successful preservation of renal mass with partial nephrectomy for diffuse XGP. The affected kidney grew normally and preserved residual function after the operation. Hence we strongly suggest parenchymal saving in pediatric cases of XGP to preserve renal function.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis treated by partial nephrectomy. 1530 98