Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the clarification of hematuria and subsequent treatment, a high specificity is expected from urinary cytology when no tumor is present, because false positive results lead to unnecessary diagnostic measures. The aim of this study was to investigate different disturbing factors to determine the specificity of urinary cytology and whether the specificity can be increased by cytometry. Out of 150 patients with no malignant disease, 125 were affected by the following disturbing factors: urinary infection, urolithiasis, transurethral electroresection, utilisation of hypo-osmolar flushing solution or administration of contrast agents. In 5 patients who were diagnosed with urinary infection or urolithiasis, the urine was falsely cytologically determined to be tumor positive, an error which was corrected by cytometric analysis. Therefore, cytometric analysis should be carried out in patients in whom a tumor has been cytologically diagnosed in order to increase the specificity of urinary cytology.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of disturbing factors on the specificity of exfoliative urinary cytology]. 1761 43

Many diseases have multifactorial origins. There is increasing evidence that mild dehydration plays a role in the development of various morbidities. In this review, effects of hydration status on acute and chronic diseases are depicted (excluding the acute effects of mild dehydration on exercise performance, wellness, cognitive function, and mental performance) and categorized according to four categories of evidence (I-IV). Avoidance of a high fluid intake as a precautionary measure may be indicated in patients with cardiovascular disorders, pronounced chronic renal failure (III), hypoalbuminemia, endocrinopathies, or in tumor patients with cisplatin therapy (IIb) and menace of water intoxication. Acute systemic mild hypohydration or dehydration may be a pathogenic factor in oligohydramnios (IIa), prolonged labor (IIa), cystic fibrosis (III), hypertonic dehydration (III), and renal toxicity of xenobiotica (Ib). Maintaining good hydration status has been shown to positively affect urolithiasis (Ib) and may be beneficial in treating urinary tract infection (IIb), constipation (III), hypertension (III), venous thromboembolism (III), fatal coronary heart disease (III), stroke (III), dental disease (IV), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (IIb), gallstone disease (III), mitral valve prolapse (IIb), and glaucoma (III). Local mild hypohydration or dehydration may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several broncho-pulmonary disorders like exercise asthma (IIb) or cystic fibrosis (Ib). In bladder and colon cancers, the evidence on hydration status' effects is inconsistent.
 ...
PMID:Hydration and disease. 1792 62

The transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the upper urinary tract is relatively uncommon. The clinical presentation of TCCs and many other diseases of the upper urinary tract are nonspecific, and most of these lesions are usually necessary to be evaluated by computed tomography (CT) urography. CT appearances of TCCs can be classified as papillary, infiltrating papillary, and diffusely infiltrating tumor. Most TCCs of the upper urinary tract can be identified on the bases of characteristic CT appearances. However, some benign lesions may mimic different categories of TCCs and should be taken into account for differentiating diagnosis. These lesions include endometriosis, nephrogenic adenoma, mycetomas, malacoplakia, and inflammatory pseudotumor which are similar to infiltrating papillary TCCs; complex urolithiasis, passed stone of ureter and ureteropelvic junction, chronic ureteropelvic junction obstruction with superimposed infection, atypical pyelonephritis, and tuberculosis which mimic diffusely infiltrating TCCs, and fibroepithelial polyp which has the same CT appearances as papillary TCCs. The useful CT signs to make differential diagnosis involve enhanced pattern, location of lesion, induration of urinary tract, and range of thickening of urinary wall. The three-dimension (3D) reconstructed images is useful in making differential diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Transitional cell carcinoma of upper urinary tract vs. benign lesions: distinctive MSCT features. 1858 Nov 62

Pancreatic cancer is sometimes called a "silent disease" because it often causes no symptoms in the early stage. The symptoms can be quite vague and various depending on the location of cancer in the pancreas. The anatomic site distribution is 78% in the head of the pancreas, 11% in the body, and 11% in the tail. Pancreatic cancer is rarely detected in the early stage, and it is very uncommon to diagnose pancreatic tail cancer during an emergency department visit. The manifestation of pancreatic tail cancer as left flank pain is very rare and has seldom been identified in the literature. We present a case of pancreatic tail cancer with the sole manifestation of dull left flank pain. Having negative findings on an ultrasound study initially, this female patient was misdiagnosed as having possible acute gastritis, urolithiasis or muscle strain after she received gastroendoscopy and colonofiberscopy. Her symptoms persisted for several months and she visited our emergency department due to an acute exacerbation of a persistent dull pain in the left flank area. Radiographic evaluation with computed tomography was performed, and pancreatic tail tumor with multiple metastases was found unexpectedly. We review the literature and discuss this rare presentation of pancreatic tail cancer.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic tail cancer with sole manifestation of left flank pain: a very rare presentation. 1863 19

The examination and surgical treatment were performed in 34 kidney recipients (22 males and 12 females aged 16-65 years) with different urological diseases admitted to the urological clinic of M. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Region Research Clinical Institute in 1992-2007 3 weeks to 15 years after kidney transplantation. Most of the patients had urolithiasis, prostatic adenoma, some patients had renal cyst, implanted kidney tumor, tumor of the arteriosclerotic kidneys, posterior urethra stricture, posterior urethra valve. The recipients with such urological diseases as chronic pyelonephritis, vesicoureteral reflux, chronic prostatitis, chronic cystitis received conservative treatment outpatiently. Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ELT) was made in 12 patients (each patient, except one, was exposed to 2 sessions, one patient--3)--a total of 27 sessions. After the first ELT session fragments of the concrements (mean size 2-5 mm in diameter) evacuated spontaneously. Transurethral (retrograde) x-ray-endoscopic operations for removal of the transplanted kidney uroliths were not conducted as the newly created ostium in the upper part of the urinary bladder made it impossible to use a retrograde approach for elimination of the concrements. Kidney recipients with prostatic adenoma (2 and 5 years after transplantation) in 3 cases were subjected to scheduled TUR because of manifest obstructive symptoms. Four patients with AUR undergoing TUR showed intraoperative tissue hemorrhage as the operation was conducted during anticoagulant and anti-platelet therapy used early (3 months to 2 months after the transplantation. In view of this, TUR lasted longer as adequate hemostasis was needed. Urethral nitinol stenting was made in one patient with AUR and prostatic size over 60 cm3, TUR was made 4 months later. Thus, low invasive surgical interventions in kidney recipients with urological diseases have changed routive approaches to treatment of such patients consisting in open surgery which was often cancelled because of contraindications. ELT is a basic method of treatment of the transplant's uroliths, in other cases different endourologic interventions are used. Prostatic adenoma is treated, as a rule, surgically (TUR of the prostate).
 ...
PMID:[Current trends in the treatment of urological patients with transplanted kidney]. 1952 68

To investigate the exon mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX or VKDC) in patients with calcium oxalate urolithasis, renal cortex and peripheral blood samples were obtained from severe hydronephrosis patients (with or without calculi), and renal tumor patients undergoing nephrectomy. GGCX mutations in all 15 exons were examined in 44 patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis (COU) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denatured high pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and confirmed by sequencing. Mutation was not found in all COU samples compared to the controls. These data demonstrated that functional GGCX mutations in all 15 exons do not occur in most COU patients. It was suggested that there may be no significant association between the low activity and mutation of GGCX in COU.
 ...
PMID:Genetic mutation of vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase domain in patients with calcium oxalate urolithiasis. 1982 Oct 94

The paper describes a case of maldiagnosis of giant-cell tumor in a patient with parathyroid osteodystrophy, in this connection elbow joint resection and replacement were made. Parathyroid adenoma with the symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed only two years after surgery. Progression of diseases was accompanied by severe bone changes and the development of urolithiasis complicated by chronic renal failure. Thus, the interpretation of bone tissue changes without considering clinical and laboratory data led to the unwarranted surgical intervention and the late diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. Differential diagnosis of a giant-cell tumor should be made, by obligatorily considering clinical and laboratory data, including the parameters of calcium metabolism.
 ...
PMID:[Maldiagnosis of giant-cell tumor of the bone in a patient with hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy]. 1993 6

The morbidity and mortality of individuals with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) can be reduced by early diagnosis of MEN1 and related endocrine tumors. To find factors contributing to early diagnosis, we collected clinical information on MEN1 patients through a MEN study group, "MEN Consortium of Japan" and analyzed the time of initial symptom-dependent detection of parathyroid tumors, gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEPNETs) and pituitary tumors, and that of tumor detection-dependent MEN1 diagnosis in 560 patients. Main tumors were identified up to 7.0 years after symptoms appeared and there was no difference in age at the diagnosis of GEPNETs alone between probands and family members. In patients with typical symptoms (peptic ulcers, urolithiasis, fasting hypoglycemia, bone fracture/loss and amenorrhea), the mean interval between symptom manifestation and tumor detection was extended up to 9.6 years. In particular, 21.7% (5/23) of patients with amenorrhea were diagnosed with pituitary tumors in under one year. In patients with peptic ulcers (from parathyroid tumors or GEPNETs) and urolithiasis (from parathyroid tumors), the interval was positively correlated with age at tumor detection. The interval between tumor detection and MEN1 diagnosis was also prolonged to approximately four years in patients with fasting hypoglycemia (from GEPNETs) and amenorrhea. A substantial delay in the diagnosis of symptom-related tumors and subsequent MEN1 and inadequate screening of GEPNETs in family members were indicated. A greater understanding of MEN1 may assist medical practitioners to make earlier diagnoses, to share patients' medical information and to give family members sufficient disease information.
 ...
PMID:Delay in the diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: typical symptoms are frequently overlooked. 2267 1

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the kidney characterised by an infectious phlegmon arising in the renal parenchyma. It is seen in patients who have urolithiasis, urinary tract infection and immunocompromised status. The clinical presentation is variable and renal neoplasm is considered as a differential due to its characteristic extrarenal visceral invasion. The treatment is almost universally extirpative and can pose a formidable challenge to the treating physician and surgeon. The authors report a rare case of XGP in a postpartal woman who presented with multiple visceral abscesses whose diagnosis was arrived on histopathological examination.
 ...
PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a young postpartal female. 2271 17

Mucinous adenocarcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter are among the rarest upper urinary tract neoplasm. We report a case of multifocal primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter occurring in association with a staghorn calculus and pyonephrosis. A 68 year old man had suffered from right flank pain and upper abdominal swelling for one year. After a series of investigation, a right staghorn stone with pyonephrosis leading to non-functioning kidney was found. Right nephrectomy was performed. The pathological report showed mucinous adenocarcinoma with ureteric margin positive for tumour deposits. Patient was reoperated; right ureterectomy with removal of bladder cuff was done. Although uncommon, the possibility of a tumor should be kept in mind especially in patients with a long standing urolithiasis accompanied by hydronephrosis and/or infection.
 ...
PMID:Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. 2280 23


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>