Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0451641 (urolithiasis)
 3,973 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors presented the results of a 5-year follow-up of 50 gout patients who had been regularly (no less than 3-4 times a year) examined in outpatient clinics. Dispensary examinations of the patients resulted in a decrease in the level of uric acid and in the number of exacerbations of gouty arthritis, the reduction of the sizes of tophi or their disappearance. Regular examination and ultrasonic investigation made it possible to prevent in some cases attacks of urolithiasis, and to reduce 4-fold a disability time-period and to preserve working capacity in 96% of the patients. The study showed that in most of the patients with essential hypertension and coronary heart disease arterial pressure got stable and the number of angina attacks was on a decrease. The data obtained indicated a high efficacy and appropriateness of combined rehabilitation activities in gout patients.
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PMID:[Rehabilitation of patients with gout during outpatient follow-up]. 359

There is increasing evidence that mild dehydration plays a role in the development of various morbidities. In this review, the effects of hydration status on chronic diseases are categorized according to the strength of the evidence. Positive effects of maintenance of good hydration are shown for urolithiasis (category lb evidence); constipation, exercise asthma, hypertonic dehydration in the infant, and hyperglycemia in diabetic ketoacidosis (all category IIb evidence); urinary tract infections, hypertension, fatal coronary heart disease, venous thromboembolism, and cerebral infarct (all category III evidence); and bronchopulmonary disorders (category IV evidence). For bladder and colon cancer, the evidence is inconsistent.
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PMID:The importance of good hydration for the prevention of chronic diseases. 1602 66

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with coexisting ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and gout. Between July 1987, and October 2004, sixty-five patients with coexisting AS and gout were enrolled. The clinical manifestations of both AS and gout in these patients were studied. Of the 65 patients included in the study, 61 were men and four were women (men-to-women ratio, 15.3:1). Sixty-three subjects were Han Chinese, and two were Atayal Aborigines. Mean ages at onset of AS and gout were 29.3 +/- 15.6 years (range 7-63) and 42.2 +/- 13.2 years (range 20-74), respectively. Fifty-six patients developed gout after (15.5 +/- 11.2 years; range, 1-51 years) onset of AS; nine patients developed gout before (average, 3.4 +/- 2.2 years; range. 1-7 years) onset of AS. Forty-four (67.7%) patients had chronic peripheral arthritis and all 65 (100%) patients had acute peripheral arthritis. Thirty-three (50.8%) cases had heel pain (enthesopathy), including 22 (33.9%) with chronic heel pain, seven (10.8%) with acute heel pain, and four (6.2%) with concurrent acute and chronic heel pain. Sixty-one (93.9%) subjects were HLA-B27 antigen positive. Medical conditions potentially associated with hyperuricemia or gout were urolithiasis (n = 17), hypertension (n = 21), diabetes mellitus (n = 8), hyperlipidemia (n = 34), congestive heart failure (n = 6), coronary heart disease (n = 5), and stroke (n = 3). The following drugs were prescribed: diuretics (n = 7), low-dose aspirin (n = 4), antituberculous drugs (n = 1), and sulphasalazine (n = 34). Six (6.2%) patients had iatrogenic Cushing syndrome with adrenal insufficiency. Patients with coexisting AS and gout are not rare. Distinguishing between peripheral arthritis or enthesopathies of AS and gout is essential, especially when the course of AS arthritis becomes acute or the course of gout becomes chronic.
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PMID:Coexisting ankylosing spondylitis and gouty arthritis. 1735 31

Many diseases have multifactorial origins. There is increasing evidence that mild dehydration plays a role in the development of various morbidities. In this review, effects of hydration status on acute and chronic diseases are depicted (excluding the acute effects of mild dehydration on exercise performance, wellness, cognitive function, and mental performance) and categorized according to four categories of evidence (I-IV). Avoidance of a high fluid intake as a precautionary measure may be indicated in patients with cardiovascular disorders, pronounced chronic renal failure (III), hypoalbuminemia, endocrinopathies, or in tumor patients with cisplatin therapy (IIb) and menace of water intoxication. Acute systemic mild hypohydration or dehydration may be a pathogenic factor in oligohydramnios (IIa), prolonged labor (IIa), cystic fibrosis (III), hypertonic dehydration (III), and renal toxicity of xenobiotica (Ib). Maintaining good hydration status has been shown to positively affect urolithiasis (Ib) and may be beneficial in treating urinary tract infection (IIb), constipation (III), hypertension (III), venous thromboembolism (III), fatal coronary heart disease (III), stroke (III), dental disease (IV), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (IIb), gallstone disease (III), mitral valve prolapse (IIb), and glaucoma (III). Local mild hypohydration or dehydration may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several broncho-pulmonary disorders like exercise asthma (IIb) or cystic fibrosis (Ib). In bladder and colon cancers, the evidence on hydration status' effects is inconsistent.
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PMID:Hydration and disease. 1792 62

Background & Aim. Changing socio-economic conditions generated changes in the prevalence, incidence and distribution for age, sex and type of urolithiasis in terms of both the site and the chemical-physical composition of the calculi.In the latter part of the 20(th) century the prevalence of upper urinary tract stones was increasing in Western countries whereas endemic infantile bladder stone disease was fairly widespread in huge areas of developing countries. The aim of this paper was to update previous epidemiological reports of urolithiasis by reviewing the more recent literature.Methods. Citations were extracted using PubMed database from January 2003 through December 2007 on the basis of the key words epidemiology AND urinary calculi. Results. An increase in the prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis was described in Germany whereas data from the United States were contradictory with stone disease rates increased only for women with a change of male-to-female ratio. Prevalence figures of stone disease observed in some developing country in tropical regions were similar to rates of Western countries with incidence of renal colic particularly high in warm months. African Americans had a reduced risk of stone disease compared to other racial groups but in renal stone patients all racial groups demonstrated a similarity in the incidence of underlying metabolic abnormalities. Upper urinary tract stones in children were associated more frequently with metabolic disturbances rather than with urinary tract anomalies and infection. Endemic childhood bladder stones are still present in some developing countries.Dietary risk factors for stone disease were shown different by age and sex. In particular in younger women dietary calcium, phytate and fluid intake were associated with a reduced risk of stone formation whereas animal protein and sucrose increased the risk of stone incidence. In older adults there was no association between dietary calcium and stone formation whereas magnesium, potassium and fluid intakes decreased and total vitamin C intake increased the risk of symptomatic nephrolithiasis. Animal protein was associated with risk only in men with a body mass index < 25 kg/m(2). Type 2 diabetes and several other coronary heart disease risk factors, including hypertension and obesity are associated with nephrolithiasis.
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PMID:Epidemiology of urolithiasis: an update. 2246 Sep 89

A shock wave is a transient pressure disturbance that propagates rapidly in three-dimensional space. It is associated with a sudden rise from ambient pressure to its maximum pressure. Shock wave therapy in urology is primarily used to disintegrate urolithiasis. Recently, low-energy shock wave therapy (LESWT), which is a novel convenient and cost-effective therapeutic modality, is extended to treat other pathological conditions including coronary heart disease, musculoskeletal disorders and erectile dysfunction. However, the exact therapeutic mechanisms and clinical safety and efficacy of LESWT remain to be investigated. Based on the results of previous studies, it is suggested that LESWT could regulate angiogenesis-related growth factors expression including endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which might induce the ingrowth of neovascularization that improves blood supply and increases cell proliferation and eventual tissue regeneration for restore pathological changes. The further studies on cellular and molecular biological changes by LESWT for clarification its mechanism and clinical safety and efficacy studies are recommended.
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PMID:[Progress of low-energy shockwave therapy in clinical application]. 2393 83