Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new assay for the determination of faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin including a simplified extraction of native stool and nephelometric measurement was studied. Its validity was established by a comparison with standardized methods and with well-known activity parameters. Excellent correlations were found, comparing this method with radial immuno-diffusion carried out on lyophilized (R = 0.96; p less than 0.05) and native (R = 0.97; p less than 0.05) stool samples. Faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin concentrations as measured with this method were significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease = 40, ulcerative colitis = 15) than in 25 normal controls (0.51 +/- 0.06 mg/g vs. 0.13 +/- 0.02 mg/g; x +/- SEM). There was a significant correlation of faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin with CDAI, activity index van Hees, and with various laboratory parameters (ESR, CRP, serum alpha-1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid, albumin, iron, haematocrit, haemoglobin, leucocytes, and thrombocytes). The presented method is equivalent to standard techniques in measuring faecal alpha-1-antitrypsin concentrations. It is highly useful for clinical routine and for follow-up studies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:[Initial clinical experiences with a simplified analytic method for fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin]. 177 47

Treatment with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) seems promising in ulcerative colitis and changes in colonocyte oxidation of butyrate have been suggested to be of importance for the development of this disease. The influence of small and large bowel length after surgery on SCFAs is only partly known. SCFAs and lactate were measured in consecutive fecal samples from 300 patients with ulcerative colitis (103), Crohn's disease (127), and noninflammatory bowel disease (70); 205 had had surgery, 52 had short bowels (< 200 cm). Lactate (mainly the L-isomer) was elevated in ulcerative colitis patients with pancolitis (mean +/- SEM, 17 +/- 5 mmol/liter) and proctitis (12 +/- 3 mmol/liter) compared with quiescent ulcerative colitis (3 +/- 1 mmol/liter, P < 0.01), and correlated with the index of Truelove (R = 0.52, P < 0.0005). Lactate was also increased in Crohn's colitis (21 +/- 8 mmol/liter), but not in isolated ileitis (4 +/- 2 mmol/liter), compared with quiescent Crohn's disease (7 +/- 2 mmol/liter, P < 0.02), but did not correlate with the activity index (CDAI; R = 0.18, P = 0.12). In contrast to earlier reports, SCFAs (including butyrate) did not correlate with inflammatory activity or localization in either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. The length of the small bowel had no influence on SCFAs and lactate in patients with either no colonic function (ileostomies), or with > 50% and < 50% preserved colorectal length, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of intestinal inflammation (IBD) and small and large bowel length on fecal short-chain fatty acids and lactate. 778 63

Between January 1991 and September 1995 at the Thoracic Organ Transplantation Centre of Pavia, 193 patients entered the waiting list for heart-lung or lung transplantation. Indications for heart-lung transplantation (HLT) were mainly primary or secondary pulmonary vascular diseases. Parenchymal lung diseases were the most frequent reasons for single- (SLT) or double-lung (DLT) transplantation. During the same period, 21 patients underwent HLT, 16 SLT and 14 DLT. Early deaths (within 30 days of surgery) occurred in 2 (10%) HLT, in 3 (19%) SLT, and in 3 (21%) DLT. Nineteen (90%) patients with HLT, 11 (69%) with SLT, and 10 (71%) with DLT survived up to 3 months; and 11 (52%) patients with HLT, 8 (50%) with SLT, and 5 (36%) with DLT survived up to 12 months. At the time of writing, the following patients are still alive: 10 (48%) with HLT, after a mean +/- SEM follow-up of 37.2 +/- 6 (range 28-46) months, 12 (75%) with SLT, after a mean follow-up of 16 +/- 11 (range 1-35) months, and finally 7 (50%) with DLT, after mean follow-up of 14 +/- 9 (range 1-23) months.
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PMID:Lung transplantation: the experience of the Thoracic Organ Transplantation Centre of Pavia. 920 8

This study was undertaken to determine whether measurement of fecal lysozyme is helpful in determining disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. In 112 patients with Crohn's disease, 46 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 40 controls, fecal lysozyme concentration was measured. Results were correlated with CDAI and AI in Crohn's disease and with Truelove and Witts' grading in ulcerative colitis. Fecal lysozyme concentration (mean +/- SEM) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in Crohn's disease (75 +/- 14 microg/g) and ulcerative colitis (238 +/- 33 microg/g) than in controls (6 +/- 1 microg/g). There was only a weak correlation between fecal lysozyme concentration and CDAI (r = 0.32; P = 0.001) and AI (r = 0.38; P < 0.0005) in patients with Crohn's disease and with Truelove and Witts' grading (r = 0.47; P = 0.001) in ulcerative colitis. When CDAI > or = 150 or AI > or = 100 were used as the standard for active disease, fecal lysozyme concentration was elevated in 78% of patients with active colonic Crohn's disease. In ulcerative colitis fecal lysozyme concentration was increased in active disease (95% in grade II and 94% in grade III) as compared 33% in grade I. Measurement of fecal lysozyme is of little help in diagnosing and determining disease activity of inflammatory bowel disease as whole, but it may be of help for diagnosis and assessment of activity of colonic IBD.
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PMID:Fecal lysozyme in assessment of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. 953 56