Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although previous studies have shown that preconditioning cannot be explained by concurrent myocardial stunning alone, it remains unclear whether reduction of contractile function by preconditioning ischemia is required for its cardioprotective effect. The present study examined whether preconditioning occurs in the absence of regional contractile dysfunction. In the first series of experiments, rabbits received two cycles of 2-min coronary occlusion separated by 5-min reperfusion, with or without dobutamine infusion (10 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.) commencing before the onset of ischemia. Regional thickening fraction measured by epicardial Doppler sensor was 72.8 +/- 4.7% of baseline (mean +/- SEM) in the untreated group and 102.9 +/- 3.1% in the dobutamine group at the end of the second cycle of ischemia/reperfusion. In the second series of the study, four groups of rabbits underwent 30-min coronary occlusion and reperfusion. The control group was untreated, and the PC group was preconditioned with two cycles of 2-min ischemia/5-min reperfusion before the 30-min ischemia. The PC-DOB group received both preconditioning and dobutamine infusion (10 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.), which was started 5 min before the preconditioning and continued for 19 min. The DOB group was given dobutamine infusion like the PC-DOB group, but was not preconditioned. After 72-h reperfusion, infarct size and area at risk were determined by histology and fluorescent particles, respectively. Infarct sizes in the PC and PC-DOB groups (25.0 +/- 3.4% and 22.7 +/- 3.3% of area at risk, respectively) were significantly smaller than that in the control group (48.2 +/- 2.6%). In the DOB groups, infarct size (43.5 +/- 4.0%) was similar to the control value. Infusion of dobutamine at a dose sufficient to abolish the contractile dysfunction which would have been induced by ischemic preconditioning did not attenuate the infarct size-limiting effect of preconditioning. Thus, it is unlikely that reduction of contractile function plays a permissive role in the appearance of the cardioprotective effect of preconditioning.
 ...
PMID:Reduction of regional contractile function by preconditioning ischemia does not play a permissive role in the infarct size-limitation by the preconditioning. 814 24

Dialkyldithiophosphates (DTPs) of zinc(II), copper(II), and other metals have been extensively used as multifunctional additives in lubricants to control friction and reduce wear in mechanical systems. Among these DTP compounds, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZnDTPs) are the most common additives extensively used for more than 60 years. These additives form a protective film on steel surfaces and, thus, control friction and reduce wear. However, ZnDTPs contain zinc and large amounts of phosphorus and sulfur, which impair the environment, both directly and indirectly, by adversely affecting the performance of catalytic converters of various automobiles. For this reason, environmental legislation imposes limitations on concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur, and zinc in the lubricants. In this work, we report on zinc-free S-di-n-octoxyboron-O,O'-di-n-octyldithiophosphate (DOB-DTP) lubricant additive with amount of phosphorus and sulfur reduced by half in a molecule as compared with ZnDTPs. DOB-DTP was synthesized by a reaction in two steps under inert nitrogen atmosphere. The final product, a viscous liquid, was characterized by the elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear (1)H, (13)C, (31)P, and (11)B NMR spectroscopy and thermal analyses. Tribological performance of a mineral oil with this new additive was evaluated in comparison with O,O'-di-n-butyl-dithiophosphato-zinc(II) (ZnDTP) using a four-ball tribometer. The surface morphology and the elemental composition of the tribofilms were characterized using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The results show that DOB-DTP has a considerably better antiwear performance and higher stability of the coefficient of friction with time as compared with ZnDTP. Both phosphorus and sulfur were detected by the EDS on the worn steel surfaces at all concentrations of additives in the base oil.
 ...
PMID:Synthesis, physicochemical, and tribological characterization of S-Di-n-octoxyboron-O,O'-di-n-octyldithiophosphate. 2035 64

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria were isolated from different varieties of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) from South India. Totally 50 strains representing, 30 PGPR and 20 endophytic bacteria were identified based on biochemical assays and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp., and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn., causing rhizome rot and leaf blight diseases in turmeric, by dual culture and liquid culture assays. Results revealed that only five isolates of PGPR and four endophytic bacteria showed more than 70% suppression of test pathogens in both assays. The SEM studies of interaction zone showed significant ultrastructural changes of the hyphae like shriveling, breakage and desication of the pathogens by PGPR B. cereus (RBac-DOB-S24) and endophyte P. aeruginosa (BacDOB-E19). Selected isolates showed multiple Plant growth promoting traits. The rhizome bacterization followed by soil application of B. cereus (RBacDOB-S24) showed lowest Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) of rhizome rot and leaf blight, 16.4% and 15.5% respectively. Similarly, P. aeruginosa (BacDOB-E19) recorded PDI of rhizome rot (17.5%) and leaf blight (17.7%). The treatment of these promising isolates exhibited significant increase in plant height and fresh rhizome yield/plant in comparison with untreated control under greenhouse condition. Thereby, these isolates can be exploited as a potential biocontrol agent for suppressing rhizome rot and leaf blight diseases in turmeric.
 ...
PMID:Growth Promoting Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacteria from Curcuma longa L. as Biocontrol Agents against Rhizome Rot and Leaf Blight Diseases. 2988 78