Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male volunteers were exposed to +10 degrees C ambient temperature for 2 hours while they were sitting undressed. The levels of endothelin-1 and atrial natriuretic peptide were determined by radioimmunoassays. Control samples were obtained at thermoneutrality. The cold exposure resulted in lowering of the mean skin temperature (from 31.2 +/- 0.3 degrees C-22.6 +/- 2.5 degrees C, mean +/- SEM), which indicates that a marked vasoconstriction took place, as well as a decrease of the body heat content (by 11.2 +/- 0.7 kJ kg-1). However, plasma endothelin-1 levels did not change significantly during the exposure. Thus circulating endothelin-1 does not seem to be responsible for the vasoconstriction associated with cold air exposure. The plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels exhibited a slight increase towards the end of the cold exposure. This finding is in accord with the notion that atrial natriuretic peptide might contribute to the diuresis frequently observed in the cold.
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PMID:Plasma levels of endothelin-1 and atrial natriuretic peptide in men during a 2-hour stay in a cold room. 183 49

We demonstrated in previous works that the circadian rhythms of blood pressure (BP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are antiphasic in normal subjects and in essential hypertension. The aim of the present study was to assess the circadian rhythms of BP and ANP in 20 patients with stable congestive heart failure (CHF), divided into two groups of 10 according to their New York Heart Association functional class. A matched control group of 10 normal volunteers was also studied. Noninvasive BP monitoring at 15-min intervals was performed for 24 h. Peripheral blood samples were also obtained at 4-h intervals starting from 08:00 h. The mean (+/- SEM) circadian mesors of ANP plasma levels were 13.4 +/- 1.7 pmol/L in the control group, 28.6 +/- 2.4 pmol/L in the group of 10 patients in class II, and 81.5 +/- 12 pmol/L in the group of 10 patients in class III-IV. In normal subjects, plasma ANP concentration was highest at 04:00 h (21.5 +/- 2.7 pmol/L) and lowest at 16:00 h (8.8 +/- 2.4 pmol/L; p less than 0.01). Both groups of patients with CHF showed no significant circadian change in the plasma levels of ANP and also a significantly blunted circadian rhythm of BP. Cosinor analysis confirmed the loss of the circadian rhythms of ANP and BP in CHF patients. Our findings support the existence of a causal relationship between the circadian rhythms of ANP and BP.
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PMID:Consistent changes in the circadian rhythms of blood pressure and atrial natriuretic peptide in congestive heart failure. 184 Jan 79

Concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was studied in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), its association with ventricular arrhythmias (VA), left ventricular dysfunction and infarct size. Plasma ANP concentrations were measured at time: 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours after admission in 11 patients (pts) with first AMI, up to 6 hours after the first symptoms. Ventricular arrhythmia was assessed by 24 hour Holter monitoring, left ventricular dysfunction by echocardiography and infarct size by serial CK-MB measurement in first 72 hours of AMI. In subsequent measurements the average plasma concentration of ANP (mean +/- SEM) was elevated: 42.2 +/- 9.9, 35.3 +/- 12.5, 33.9 +/- 8.3, 42.3 +/- 8.3, 36.9 +/- 6.4, 60.7 +/- 9.3, 47.8 +/- 12.0 fmol/ml. The maximal plasma ANP concentration was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in 4 pts with VA 4th grade acc. to Lown than in 7 pts without VA (102.6 +/- 17.9 vs 41.1 +/- 6.4). The maximal level of ANP--153.3 fmol/ml in a patient with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia was observed. There were no significant correlations between plasma ANP and infarct size, size of left atrium and contractility disturbances of left ventricle.
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PMID:[Atrial natriuretic peptide level in acute myocardial infarction]. 184 Mar 30

Plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (IR-ANP) were measured with a specific radioimmunoassay in 19 undialysed patients with chronic renal failure. At the beginning, an extremely high level of plasma hANP (50 fmol/ml) seen in a patient was rejected with Smirnov's test and was excluded from further statistics. The plasma IR-ANP levels in these patients were significantly higher than those of 19 normal subjects matched with age and sex (10.9 +/- 1.6 vs 5.3 +/- 0.6 fmol/ml, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01), and positively correlated with mean blood pressure (r = 0.44, p less than 0.05) and the cardiothoracic ratio (r = 0.65, p less than 0.01), but did not correlate with creatinine clearance (r = -0.38, n.s.). Further, a significant correlation was observed between plasma IR-ANP and urinary protein output (r = 0.47, p less than 0.05). On the other hand, urinary protein output did not correlate significantly with variables such as mean blood pressure, the cardiothoracic ratio or creatinine clearance. Since it has been suggested that ANP enhances glomerular capillary permeability, increased ANP responding to volume overload in those patients may play an important role in increasing urinary protein excretion.
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PMID:A possible contribution of endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide to proteinuria in patients with chronic renal failure. 184 Apr 20

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels were measured in non-dialyzed and dialyzed chronic renal failure (CRF) patients and in normal subjects. Changes in plasma ANP in response to hemodialysis (HD) and to isolated ultrafiltration (UF) were also investigated in dialyzed CRF patients. Plasma ANP levels were significantly higher in 28 non-dialyzed CRF patients than in 27 normal subjects (mean +/- SEM, 174.0 +/- 25.9 vs 25.0 +/- 1.9 pg/ml, p less than 0.001). Plasma ANP levels did not correlate with blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine, however patients with advanced renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml/min) with cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic ratio greater than 50%) or hypertension (BP greater than 140/90 mmHg) had significantly higher plasma ANP levels than those who were not. A 6-hour HD significantly decreased the plasma ANP level (423.4 +/- 71.3 to 220.6 +/- 40.0 pg/ml, p less than 0.001) and body weight in 21 dialyzed CRF patients, and the decrement in plasma ANP showed a positive correlation with the decrement in body weight (r = 0.425, p = 0.056). In 8 dialyzed CRF patients, we further performed a 1-hour isolated UF for removal of isoosmotic intravascular fluid without changes in the solute concentrations, followed by a subsequent 5-hour HD. The decrease in plasma ANP during the 1-hour UF period was 68% of the total ANP decrement for the whole 6-hour study. The average plasma ANP level was decreased with 94.6 +/- 42.5 pg/ml/kg/h in the UF period compared to 3.5 +/- 1.4 pg/ml/kg/h in the HD period (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic renal failure. 198 Dec 24

Patients with end stage renal failure have elevated plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) which seems to be a sensitive parameter of body fluid status. A prospective study comparing patients on hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was still missing. Six identical patients (59 +/- 10 yrs, residual diuresis 1.3 +/- 0.61, 1 data expressed as means +/- SEM) were studied in the predialysis phase and under steady state conditions on HD and on CAPD. Plasma levels of ANP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine were determined. Blood and dialysate samples were repeatedly taken. Ultrafiltration-volume, dry weight and blood pressure were not different between HD and CAPD. ANP and cGMP reached the highest plasma levels in the predialysis phase with 421 +/- 180 pg/ml and 19.8 +/- 6.4 pmol/ml and decreased after the onset of dialysis treatment. On HD mean ANP levels of 279 +/- 175 pg/ml were not significantly different from those on CAPD (320 +/- 213 pg/ml). However, cGMP concentrations on CAPD (15.7 +/- 5.4 pmol/ml) surpassed the values measured on HD (10.5 +/- 3.4 pmol/ml, p less than 0.05). Plasma noradrenaline was markedly elevated in the predialysis phase (421 +/- 180 pg/ml) and decreased under dialysis treatment. Differences between HD and CAPD were not found. Adrenaline and dopamine concentrations fell within the normal range.
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PMID:Intraindividual comparison of ANP, cGMP and plasma catecholamines between HD and CAPD. 198 11

The purpose of the present study was to assess the plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in chronically uremic patients not submitted to dialysis and to determine the predialysis plasma concentration of ANP, the effect of ultrafiltration on plasma levels of ANP (hemodialysis, (HD), and the HD clearance of ANP in a population of adult patients treated with maintenance HD. The mean plasma ANP concentration (pg/ml) in HD was 370.2 +/- 35.5 pg/ml (mean +/- SEM) before HD and decreased to 165.3 +/- 15.2 after HD (p less than 0.01). Both values were significantly higher than in controls (28 +/- 2; n = 39). The changes in plasma ANP levels correlated inversely with those in plasma protein concentration (r = -0.53; p less than 0.03; y = 48.6 +/- 0.8 x). ANP clearance across the cuprophan membrane averaged 13 +/- 6.4 ml/mn. Resting plasma ANP values in the 16 uremic patients ranged between 16 and 277 pg/ml (124 +/- 11 pg/ml). These levels were significantly higher than those observed in controls (p less than 0.01). In these patients there was a highly significant correlation between serum creatinine and plasma ANP concentrations (p less than 0.01; r = 0.75; y = 0.2x + 3). Furthermore we report the results of the determination of the renal clearance of ANP in normal dogs. In all dogs a fall in plasma ANP concentration was recorded between the aorta (28.6 +/- 4.5 pg/ml) and the renal vein (14.2 +/- 2.7 pg/ml). The renal extraction ratio averaged 51.3 +/- 3.7%. Mean ANP renal clearance was 38.2 +/- 5.2 ml/mn.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Renal and hemodialysis clearances of endogenous natriuretic peptide. A clinical and experimental study. 213 54

In order to assess the effect of food ingestion on splanchnic disposal of human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANF), hepatic-intestinal removal of ANF was determined before and after a test meal. Hepatic venous and arterial plasma samples were obtained from six subjects, most of whom had only disorders of minor degree. Hepatic blood flow (HBF) increased significantly after meal ingestion (1.10 +/- 0.17 [SEM] to 1.51 +/- 0.26 L/min, P less than .01). Baseline arterial ANF (10.9 +/- 3.1 pmol/L) did not change significantly. In contrast, hepatic venous ANF increased after meal intake (5.7 +/- 2.0 to 8.4 +/- 1.9 pmol/L, P less than .05), and accordingly the splanchnic fractional extraction decreased (0.53 +/- 0.09 to 0.35 +/- 0.08), although this was not statistically significant. Splanchnic clearance of ANF increased from 347 +/- 90 mL/min to a maximal value of 615 +/- 158 mL/min (P less than .05). Splanchnic removal of ANF was 3.0 +/- 0.5 pmol/min before and increased to a maximum value (7.1 +/- 2.2 pmol/min, P less than .05) 35 minutes after ingestion of the meal. Our results showed enhanced splanchnic removal of ANF after food intake. This is due to increased hepatic-intestinal clearance of the peptide consequent on increased splanchnic blood flow, rather than altered fractional extraction of ANF.
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PMID:Splanchnic removal of human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide in humans: enhancement after food intake. 213 18

It is well known that atrial distension is an important stimulus for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) release, but conflicting evidence exists as to whether hyperosmolality also stimulates the release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in man. As infusion of hypertonic saline causes an increase in both blood volume and plasma osmolality, we have employed this stimulus to investigate: (i) whether hyperosmolality increases plasma ANP concentrations; (ii) the importance of posture in ANP release. Normal male volunteers (n = 6) were infused with hypertonic saline at a rate of 0.06 ml/kg/min for 2 h on two different occasions separated by 1 month. Infusion was performed with subjects in the seated and supine positions in random order. Hypertonic saline infusion induced increases in plasma osmolality (P less than 0.001), plasma sodium (P less than 0.01) and blood volume (P less than 0.001) in both seated and supine position. The increase in plasma osmolality was accompanied by an increase in plasma ANP during the supine infusion (2.7 +/- 1.0 to 9.0 +/- 2.4 pmol/l (mean +/- SEM; P less than 0.01] but no significant change in plasma ANP concentration occurred during the seated infusion. A positive linear correlation was obtained between increase in plasma osmolality and plasma ANP in the supine but not in the seated hypertonic saline infusion. There was a positive linear correlation between estimated increase in blood volume and plasma ANP in the supine but not the seated infusion of hypertonic saline. We suggest that the increase in ANP during hypertonic saline infusion reported by some workers was due to atrial distension, secondary to increased blood volume and is dependent on the position in which the subjects were studied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Release of atrial natriuretic peptide during hypertonic saline infusion: the importance of posture. 214 Jul 35

The effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on urinary protein excretion were examined in patients with renal parenchymal diseases (RPD, n = 18) and those with diabetes mellitus (DM, n = 12). Before and 30 min after intravenous injection of ANP (50 micrograms), urine samples were collected. ANP injection increased urinary volume and urinary sodium excretion in both groups. In RPD, urinary protein excretion (UprV) increased by 87% (1.5 +/- 0.7 [SEM] to 2.8 +/- 1.1 mg/min, p less than 0.05). ANP also increased UprV in patients with diabetic nephropathy [N(+); 1.7 +/- 0.8 to 5.0 +/- 2.5 mg/min, p less than 0.05] and those without nephropathy [N(-); 0.10 +/- 0.02 to 0.22 +/- 0.07 mg/min, p less than 0.05]. Since ANP increased creatinin clearance in both groups (+9.4 +/- 2.5 ml/min in RPD and +24.1 +/- 3.5 ml/min in DM, p less than 0.01 for both), urinary protein to creatinine excretion ratios (UprV/UcrV) were determined, which should be a parameter of glomerular protein permeability. The UprV/UcrV ratio increased by 48% (p less than 0.01) and 24% (p less than 0.05) in RPD and in DM, respectively. ANP did not change urinary composition of albumin and globulin. In RPD, increases in UprV by ANP were positively related to the basal serum creatinin levels (r = 0.57, p less than 0.01). In DM group, ANP-induced increases in the UprV/UcrV ratio were higher in the N(+) subgroup than in the N(-) subgroup (+0.8 +/- 0.4 vs +0.09 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on urinary protein excretion in patients with renal parenchymal disease and those with diabetic mellitus]. 214 Oct 91


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