Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The urinary excretion of sialic acid-containing trisaccharides in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis was studied. Sialyl-lactose and sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine were identified and their excretion patterns studied by thin layer and gas chromatography. The urinary output of sialyl-lactose was greater in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (48.2 +/- 6.1 mg/24 h, SEM, n = 6) than in healthy subjects (19.8 +/- 3.7 mg/24 h, SEM, n = 5; P less than 0.01). The excretion of sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine was also higher in the rheumatoid group (18.5 +/- 2.1 mg/24 h, SEM, n = 6) than in the controls (11.1 +/- 1.2 mg/24 h, SEM, n = 5; P less than 0.05). The qualitative excretion patterns of the sialyl-oligosaccharide fraction were similar for the two groups as judged from the thin layer chromatograms. Correlating the results with the clinical state of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis suggests that the urinary level of the sialyl-oligosaccharides reflects the activity of the disease. A proposed mechanism for the increased excretion of sialic acid-containing trisaccharides in rheumatoid arthritis is presented.
Eur J Clin Invest 1978 Dec
PMID:Increased excretion of two sialic acid-containing trisaccharides in the urine of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 10 13

Oral TRH (40 mg) exerts a marked and protracted stimulatory effect on TSH release. The potency of oral TRH in stimulating TSH and T3 was evaluated in 26 euthyroid patients with absent or impaired TSH response in the i.v. TRH test (200 micrograms). All were given i.v. and oral TRH at an interval of at least 3 days. Based on the response to i.v. TRH, they were divided into "non-responders" (TSH increment less than 1.0 microU/ml) and "low-responders" (TSH increment 1.0--3.7 microU/ml). The results were compared with those in 11 patients with overt hyperthyroidism. 10 "non-responders" were additionally tested with 400 micrograms TRH i.v. to study the effect of a supramaximal dose. Most patients unresponsive to i.v. TRH had a pronounced response to oral TRH (TSH increment 0.1 +/- 0.1 and 4.0 +/- 0.9 microU/ml (mean +/- SEM) respectively, p less than 0.005). The "low-responders" in the i.v. test had a significantly enhanced response to the oral dose (2.4 +/- 0.3 and 7.6 +/- 1.6 respectively, p less than 0.005). The euthyroid patients with treated Graves' disease with a weak response to i.v. TRH showed a distinct response to the oral dose. On the other hand, plasma TSH in patients with overt hyperthyroidism failed to increase either after intravenous or after oral TRH. In contrast to oral TRH, the supramaximal dose of 400 micrograms i.v. TRH did not enhance the TSH-response in the "non-responders". In most patients with absent or impaired response to i.v. TRH, a marked increase in T3 could be demonstrated (0.5 +/- 0.1 ng/ml and 0.6 +/- 0.1 ng/ml in "non-responders" and "low-responders" respectively, p less than 0.01); thus, oral administration allows simultaneous stimulation of TSH and triiodothyronine. Oral TRH can be considered the test of choice for the investigation of patients with diminished TSH reserve.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1979 Dec 08
PMID:[Value of the oral TRH test for the evaluation of thyroid function in impaired TSH reserve. Preliminary report]. 11 18

Intravenous metoclopramide (MET) (10 mg) induced a brisk PRL response with a mean +/- SEM peak of 85.3 +/- 7.7 ng/ml maximal at 30 min. L-Dopa, but not atropine pre-treatment, attenuated the prolactin (PRL) response to MET. This indicates that the antidopaminergic properties of MET mediate PRL secretion. MET did not influence basal levels of TSH, LH or FSH. Neither did it affect their response to the respective releasing of hormones. Our results indicate that dopaminergic blockade induced by iv MET, does not influence the secretion of the pituitary glycoprotein hormones.
Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1979 Dec
PMID:Failure of metoclopramide to influence LH, FSH and TSH secretion or their responses to releasing hormones. 11 96

A feature of radicular cyst histology is the observation that polymorphonuclear leucocytes infiltrate the epithelium whereas chronic inflammatory cells do not and accumulate in the subepithelial connective tissue. Material for the study of this phenomenon consisted of radicular cysts fixed in formol saline. Observation under the SEM indicated that the lumenal surface of the radicular cyst is characterized by numerous interepithelial spaces through which polymorphonuclear cells reach the cyst cavity. The cells on the lumenal surface are associated with interepithelial spaces. Observations of the cut surface indicate that channels occur between epithelial cells through which the polymorphonuclear leucocytes migrate. The channels may also be a pathway for exudates from capillaries to reach the cyst cavity and provide a means for radicular cyst enlargement. Erosions of epithelial cells and features of necrosis of superficial cells were observed. Thus it appears that polymorphonuclear leucocytes migrate through definite channels between epithelial cells in the radicular cyst lining, the chemotactic stimulus being degeneration and breakdown of the superficial epithelial cells.
J Oral Pathol 1979 Dec
PMID:Pathways of inflammatory cellular exudate through radicular cyst epithelium: a light and scanning electron microscope study. 12 Apr 32

The erythrocytic entry- and exit-mechanisms of Aegyptianella pullorum were investigated and characterized by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using for TEM ruthenium red as a marker of the red cell plasmalemma. The scanned Aegyptianella preparations produced static evidence of an endocytosis followed by an erythrocytic vesiculation as the possible mode of entrance of initial bodies into erythrocytes. The presence of ruthenium red only coating the membrane around the parasitophorous vacuole during the whole invasive process and the complete absence of the stain inside the host cell indicate that the entry of aegyptianellas is accomplished by invagination of the host cell plasmalemma and is not preceded nor followed by its breakage, furthermore unequivocally proving the intracellular parasitism of A. pullorum during its reproductive cycle. One possible mode of exit of initial bodies from parasitized erythrocytes appeared to be the invasive mechanism in reverse order, an exocytosis. Generally, however, the affected erythrocytes are parasitogenically injured, resulting in release of the parasites into the plasma and, subsequently, in host cell lysis.
Z Parasitenkd 1979 Dec 01
PMID:The erythrocytic entry- and exit-mechanism of Aegyptianella pullorum Carpano, 1928. 12 Jun 44

Prolactin was measured in umbilical cord serum obtained from 77 newborn infants of gestational age 28 to 40 weeks. A positive correlation with gestational age was demonstrated. Between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation the elevation of the regression line of the concentration of cord PRL versus gestation age was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) for those infants who developed respiratory distress syndrome compared to the regression line for infants who did not develop RDS. Between 32 and 33.5 weeks, the mean +/- SEM cord PRL concentration in infants who developed RDS (101.7 +/- 9.5 ng/ml) was significantly less (P less than 0.025) than the PRL concentration in those who did not develop RDS (161.8 +/- 18.9 ng/ml). Cord PRL did not correlate with cord cortisol or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations. Cord growth hormone concentrations did not show any relationship to the occurrence of RDS. Serum PRL was not suppressed in a further 114 infants whose mothers were treated prenatally with betamethasone. These findings raise the possibility of a role of PRL in fetal lung maturation.
J Pediatr 1978 Dec
PMID:Prolactin in umbilical cord blood and the respiratory distress syndrome. 15 7

The importance of the hepatic portal circulation in the response to insulin was assessed in streptozotocin-diabetic rats transplanted with syngeneic fetal pancreases. Partial reversal of diabetes was accomplished by transplantation of two or three fetal pancreases beneath the capsule of the kidney; complete reversal followed shunting of the venous drainage from the transplants to the liver. Plasma glucose after streptozotocin of 509+/-31 mg/dl (mean+/-SEM) fell after transplantation to 395+/-23 and after the shunt to 143+/-5 mg/dl. Urine volume fell from 84+/-4 to 50+/-5 ml/d and then to normal (17+/-1 ml/d) after the shunt. Glucose excretion which was 8.1+/-0.3 g/d after streptozotocin fell after transplantation to 4.8+/-0.3 g/d and after the shunt completely disappeared from the urine. The disappearance rate of glucose injected into the circulation, which was 0.50+/-0.07%/min in untreated diabetes, increased to 1.39+/-0.38%/min after transplantation and to 2.52+/-0.31%/min after the shunt, not different from normal controls (2.79+/-0.25). Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was below normal (25-35 muU/ml) and unresponsive to glucose in untreated diabetic rats. After transplantation IRI levels ranged from 73-223 muU/ml and there was no rise after glucose injection. After the shunt both the basal IRI (36+/-5 muU/ml) and the peak response to glucose at 10 min (58+/-7 muU/ml) were the same as in normal controls (42+/-4 and 62+/-7 muU/ml, respectively). The fall in IRI after the shunt is explained by increased extraction of insulin passing into the liver and also diminished secretion. After removal of the transplants plasma glucose and urine values returned almost to pretransplant levels. Secretion of insulin by transplanted pancreases into the liver enhances the effectiveness probably by increased extraction and action and reveals the importance of the normal route for insulin delivery.
J Clin Invest 1979 Dec
PMID:Importance of hepatic portal circulation for insulin action in streptozotocin-diabetic rats transplanted with fetal pancreases. 15 16

The passive stress-strain relationship of right ventricular papillary muscles from 10 normal and 9 experimental cats with short-term pressure-overload right ventricular hypertrophy-failure was examined by plotting the logarithm of instantaneous stress (ln sigma) against the natural strain calculated as ln(l/l0) where l = instantaneous length and l0 = length at zero force. Such a stress-strain relationship was well approximated by a linear relationship. The slope K obtained from this linear relationship was higher in the hypertrophy-failure muscles (normal, 15.01 +/- 0.87 (SEM); hypertrophy-failure, 31.79 +/- 4.09; P less than 0.005). The value of the intercept, ln C was similar in the two groups (normal, -4.33 +/- 0.20; hypertrophy-failure, -4.71 +/- 0.10). This analysis indicates the the ln sigma-natural strain relationship is linear in the papillary muscle and the slope of this relationship, an index of stiffness, is increased in hypertrophy-failure muscles. Using a three-element muscle model, it is shown that increased diastolic stiffness may contribute to the decreased systolic performance.
Am J Physiol 1979 Dec
PMID:Increased passive stiffness of short-term pressure-overload hypertrophied myocardium in cat. 16 Feb 6

The human lymphocyte has been investigated regarding its function as a thyroid hormone target cell. Binding and deiodination of the thyroid hormones were determined after simultaneous incubation of 131I-labelled L-thyroxine (131I-T4) and 125I-labelled L-triiodothyronine (125I-T3) with lymphocytes from healthy subjects, from hyperthyroid and primary hypothyroid patients before and after treatment. The mean percentages of binding, 8.0 +/- 0.5 (mean +/- SEM) for 131I-T4, and 9.7 +/- 0.4 for 125I-T3 in the control group, were increased in the hyperthyroids to 10.1 +/- 0.4 and 12.7 +/- 0.6 respectively, and in the hypothyroids to 10.9 +/- 0.7 and 12.8 +/- 0.6. All elevated values returned to normal with successful treatment. The mean percentage of deiodination, 12.0 +/- 1.7 for 131I-T4, and 6.5 +/- 0.9 for 125I-T3 in the control group, showed a threefold increase in the hyperthyroid patients, to 35.9 +/- 3.2 and 20.2 +/- 1.9 respectively and remained unaltered in the hypothyroid patients. The values of successfully treated hyperthyroid patients were normal and those of the treated hypothyroid patients below normal.
Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1975 Dec
PMID:Human lymphocyte binding and deiodination of thyroid hormones in relation to thyroid function. 17 99

Methods for quantitation of the major apoproteins of human serum very low density lipoprotein have been developed employing tetramethylurea, which delipidates the lipoprotein and selectively precipitates apolipoprotein B. Six soluble apoproteins are separated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. One of these is a previously unrecognized species of R-alanine (R4-alanine), more anionic than the R3-alanine polypeptide. Conditions of staining have been found which yield reproducibly linear chromogenic response with native lipoprotein and with each purified apoprotein. Recovery of protein in the seven species measured accounts for over 97% of the total in the very low density lipoprotein of normolipidemic individuals and in most samples from individuals with endogenous hyperlipemia. The mean content of apolipoprotein B in 43 samples from normolipidemic subjects was 36.9(+/-1.2 SEM)% of total protein, The distribution of the major soluble apoproteins as mean (+/-SEM) percentage of the soluble fraction was : R-serine, 5.3+/-o.5; arginine-rich, 20.6+/-1.0; R-glutamic, 10.6+/-0.4; R2-alanine, 28.3+/-0.7; R3-alanine, 26.9+/-0.5; and R4-alanine, 8.0+/-0.5. Distribution of the apoproteins was a function of particle diameter of very low density lipoprotein in fractions separated by gel permeation chromatography and by density gradient ultracentrifugation. In fractions below 700-800 A, apolipoprotein B comprised an increasing percentage of the total protein with decreasing particle diameter. Among the soluble proteins the percentage of the arginine-rich and R-serine polypeptides increased and that of the R-glutamic polypeptide declined progressively with decreasing particle size. Apoprotein distribution was similar in fractions of similar particle size from normolipidemic and hyperlipemic subjects with the exception that all fractions from the hyperlipemic subjects contained more R-serine and some, more arginine rich polypeptide. Even in the absence of chylomicrons, the distribution of soluble apoproteins in particles of diameters greater than 700-800 A was usually similar to that of the smallest particles. This suggests that the largest particles may include products of the partial catabolism of chylomicrons.
J Clin Invest 1975 Dec
PMID:Apoprotein composition of very low density lipoproteins of human serum. 17 34


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