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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
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Mn-MCM-41 was synthesized in various (Si/Mn = 25, 50, 75 and 100) ratios, using manganese acetate as source for manganese by hydrothermal method and was calcined at 550 degrees C for 6 hrs. The physico-chemical characterizations of Mn-MCM-41 showed the formation of hexagonally arranged mesopores with high surface area. The calcined Mn-MCM-41 was used as catalytic templates for the growth of large amount of carbon nanotubes. Acetylene was used as carbon source and nitrogen as carrier gas for the formation of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition method. The effect of temperature was carried out 750, 800, 850 and 900 degrees C, at a flow rate of 40 ml/min of acetylene precursor. The SEM, TEM and XRD confirmed the formation of large amount of carbon nanotubes.
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PMID:Synthesis and characterization of Mn-MCM-41--its catalytic activity for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes. 1992 63

As part of a programme of comparative measurements of Pd (diffusional water permeability) the RBCs (red blood cells) from dingo (Canis familiaris dingo) and greyhound dog (Canis familiaris) were studied. The morphologies of the dingo and greyhound RBCs [examined by light and SEM (scanning electron microscopy)] were found to be very similar, with regard to aspect ratio and size; the mean diameters were estimated to be the same (approximately 7.2 microm) for both dingo and greyhound RBCs. The water diffusional permeability was monitored by using an Mn2+-doping 1H NMR technique at 400 MHz. The Pd (cm/s) values of dingo and greyhound RBCs were similar: 6.5 x 10(-3) at 25 degrees C, 7.5 x 10(-3) at 30 degrees C, 10 x 10(-3) at 37 degrees C and 11.5 x 10(-3) at 42 degrees C. The inhibitory effect of a mercury-containing SH (sulfhydryl)-modifying reagent PCMBS (p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate) was investigated. The maximal inhibition of dingo and greyhound RBCs was reached in 15-30 min at 37 degrees C with 2 mmol/l PCMBS. The values of maximal inhibition were in the range 72-74% when measured at 25 degrees C and 30 degrees C, and approximately 66% at 37 degrees C. The lowest value of Pd (corresponding to the basal permeability to water) was approximately 2-3 x 10(-3) cm/s in the temperature range 25-37 degrees C. The Ea,d (activation energy of water diffusion) was 25 kJ/mol for dingo RBC and 23 kJ/mol for greyhound RBCs. After incubation with PCMBS, the values of Ea,d increased, reaching 46-48 kJ/mol in the condition of maximal inhibition of water exchange. The electrophoretograms of membrane polypeptides of the dingo and greyhound RBCs were compared and seen to be very similar. We postulate that the RBC parameters reported in the present study are characteristic of all canine species and, in particular in the two cases presented here, these parameters have not been changed by the peculiar Australian habitat over the millennia (as in the case of the dingo) or over shorter time periods, decades or centuries (as in the case of the domestic greyhound).
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PMID:Comparative NMR studies of diffusional water permeability of red blood cells from different species: XVI Dingo (Canis familiaris dingo) and dog (Canis familiaris). 1994 30

MnO(x)/TiO(2) composites with different atomic ratio of Mn/Ti were prepared by sol-gel, solvothermal and coprecipitation method, respectively. The catalytic tests on chlorobenzene (CB) removal ability of all 15 catalysts were performed in a fixed-bed flow reactor and compared to each other. Experimental results showed that when the atomic ratio of Mn/Ti reached 1:4, the activity of the catalysts prepared by three methods reached their highest value, particularly the catalyst with the Mn/Ti atomic ratio of 1:4 prepared by sol-gel method showed higher catalytic activity than the catalysts with the same atomic ratio prepared by other methods at temperature between 100 and 300 degrees C. From the microstructure characterization by XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, and TPR, it could be known that the combined TiO(2) phases of anatase and rutile and a good dispersion of manganese oxides contributed to a good catalytic performance in the catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method.
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PMID:Preparation of MnOx/TiO2 composites and their properties for catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene. 2008 Mar 42

The objective of the present investigation was to explore the sorption behaviour of manganese-coated samples of calcined starfish (MCCSF) (i.e. the impregnation of calcined starfish with manganese) for the removal of low levels of an important heavy metal toxic ion, Mn(II), from aqueous solutions. The suitability of this solid was further compared with two different samples of manganese-coated sands (MCS): MCS4 and MCS9 impregnated at pH 4.0 and pH 9.0, respectively. These comparative studies were performed in both batch and column experiments. Batch data indicated that a fairly good stability of the coating was obtained for these three samples in the pH region 2.5 to 10.0. The removal efficiency of MCCSF was fairly good in comparison with the MCS4 and MCS9 samples. These last two samples possessed similar Mn(II) removal capacities. Moreover, a small dose of sodium hypochlorite further enhanced the uptake of Mn(II) by these solids. The sorbate concentration dependence data fitted reasonably well to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The column data indicated that MCCSF possessed a relatively higher adsorption capacity compared with the MCS4 and MCS9 samples. The breakthrough curves obtained were then used to evaluate the apparent removal capacity of these solids under the dynamic conditions using the Thomas equation. The SEM images obtained for these manganese-coated solids along with the virgin base materials, i.e. sand and calcined starfish, showed that manganese oxides occupied the surfaces or pores of the base materials and formed clusters on the base surface.
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PMID:Sorption behaviour of manganese-coated calcined-starfish and manganese-coated sand for Mn(II). 2045 Jan 19

Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT)/manganese oxide (MnO2) nanocomposite ultrathin film electrodes have been created via redox deposition of MnO2 on layer-by-layer (LbL)-assembled MWNT films. We demonstrate that these LbL-assembled MWNT (LbL-MWNT)/MnO2 thin films consist of a uniform coating of nanosized MnO2 on the MWNT network structure using SEM and TEM, which is a promising structure for electrochemical capacitor applications. LbL-MWNT/MnO2 electrodes yield a significantly higher volumetric capacitance of 246 F/cm3 with good capacity retention up to 1000 mV/s due to rapid transport of electrons and ions within the electrodes. The electrodes are generated with two simple aqueous deposition processes: the layer-by-layer assembly of MWNTs followed by redox deposition of MnO2 at ambient conditions, thus providing a straightforward approach to the fabrication of high-power and -energy electrochemical capacitors with precise control of electrode thickness at nanometer scales.
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PMID:Carbon nanotube/manganese oxide ultrathin film electrodes for electrochemical capacitors. 2055 96

Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of fluoride on a sol-gel-derived activated alumina and its modifications with calcium oxide or manganese oxide were studied to explore the feasibility of applying these adsorbents for fluoride removal from drinking water. The activated alumina adsorbents were characterized with SEM/EDS and N(2)-adsorption for their chemical and pore textural properties. The adsorption isotherms were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. The fluoride adsorption isotherms on the sol-gel-derived activated alumina followed the Freundlich model while the fluoride adsorption isotherms on the calcium oxide- or manganese oxide-modified activated alumina adsorbents followed the Langmuir model. The calcium oxide-modified alumina adsorbent showed the highest fluoride adsorption capacities of 0.99 and 96.23mg/g at fluoride concentrations of 0.99 and 432mg/L, respectively. A pseudo-second-order model and an intraparticle kinetic model fitted well the adsorption kinetic data. It was found that both external and intraparticle diffusions contribute to the rate of removal of fluoride from the activated alumina-based adsorbents produced in our laboratory. The adsorption kinetic models evaluated in this work fitted well the adsorption uptake of fluoride from a Mexican groundwater on both calcium oxide- and manganese oxide-modified alumina adsorbents.
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PMID:Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of fluoride on sol-gel-derived activated alumina adsorbents. 2056 4

The effect of metal oxides on the ability of persulfate (PS) with Fe(II) to remediate diesel-contaminated soil was investigated. In both natural soil and purchased sand, the highest diesel degradation occurred at pH 3 and the optimum molar ratio of PS/Fe(II) was 100:1 (i.e. 500 mM PS to 5 mM Fe(II)). Moreover, adding Fe(II) increased PS reactivity more in soil than it did in sand, indicating the involvement of metal oxides in the soil matrix. Evaluating the effects of metal oxides (i.e. goethite, hematite, magnetite, and manganese oxide) on the reactivity of PS with/without Fe(II) in a system containing diesel-contaminated sand revealed that manganese oxide increased PS activity the most and that the highest diesel degradation by PS occurred when both manganese oxide and Fe(II) were used as activators. XRD did not show the transformation of manganese oxide in the presence of Fe(II). SEM-EDS showed the association of Fe(II) on the surface of manganese oxide, and ICP analysis revealed that almost all the added Fe(II) adsorbed to manganese oxide but almost none adsorbed to iron oxides under acidic conditions. Therefore, the high reactivity of PS could be due to the high density of Fe(II) over the surface of manganese oxide.
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PMID:Effect of metal oxides on the reactivity of persulfate/Fe(II) in the remediation of diesel-contaminated soil and sand. 2063 89

We report an in situ soft chemical synthesis of a novel hybrid material, cellulose-nanoscale-manganese oxide composite (C-NMOC), and its application for Pb(II) removal from aqueous solutions. For comparison, detailed Pb(II) adsorption studies were also performed with nanoscale-manganese oxide powder (NMO), prepared through a similar route. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to characterize the as-synthesized materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements confirmed the existence of Mn(IV) phase in NMO whereas C-NMOC showed largely the Mn(III) phase. The existence and uniform distribution of manganese oxide in cellulose fiber materials was confirmed by SEM and EDAX analyses. The adsorption studies reveal that the Pb(II) uptake onto C-NMOC is a fast process and >90% of the uptake occurred within the first 10 min contact time. The Sips isotherm predicted the equilibrium data well and the maximum Pb(II) uptake capacity of C-NMOC (4.64% Mn loading) was estimated to be 80.1 mg g(-1). The Pb(II) adsorption capacity of C-NMOC (per gram of Mn present) was several times higher than commercial manganese oxide (beta-MnO2) and at least twice larger than NMO. The experimental evidence reveals that physisorption plays a dominant role in Pb(II) adsorption by both NMO and C-NMOC.
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PMID:A novel cellulose-manganese oxide hybrid material by in situ soft chemical synthesis and its application for the removal of Pb(II) from water. 2063 68

The effectiveness of permanganate for in situ chemical oxidation of organic liquid (trichloroethene) trapped in lower-permeability (K) zones located within a higher-permeability matrix was examined in a series of flow-cell experiments. The permanganate solution was applied in both continuous and pulsed-injection modes. Manganese-oxide precipitation, as confirmed by use of SEM-EDS, occurred within, adjacent to, and downgradient of the lower-K zones, reflective of trichloroethene oxidation. During flow interruptions, precipitate formed within the surrounding higher-permeability matrix, indicating diffusive flux of aqueous-phase trichloroethene from the lower-K zones. The impact of permanganate treatment on mass flux behavior was examined by conducting water floods after permanganate injection. The results were compared to those of water-flood control experiments. The amount of water flushing required for complete contaminant mass removal was reduced for all permanganate treatments for which complete removal was characterized. However, the nature of the mass-flux-reduction/mass-removal relationship observed during water flooding varied as a function of the specific permanganate treatment.
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PMID:In situ oxidation and associated mass-flux-reduction/mass-removal behavior for systems with organic liquid located in lower-permeability sediments. 2068 8

In this study, a new chitosan biopolymer derivative (CTSL) has been synthesized by anchoring a new vanillin-based complexing agent or ligand, namely 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl] benzaldehyde, (L) with chitosan (CTS) by means of condensation. The new material was characterized by elemental (CHN), spectral (FTIR and solid state (13)C NMR), thermal (TG-DTA and DSC), structural (powder XRD), and morphological (SEM) analyses. The CTSL was employed to study the equilibrium adsorption of various metal ions, namely, Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II), as functions of pH of the solutions. Its kinetics of adsorption was evaluated utilizing the pseudo first order and pseudo second order equation models and the equilibrium data were analyzed by Langmuir isotherm model. The CTSL shows good adsorption capacity for metal ions studied in the order Cu(II)>Ni(II)>Cd(II)> or =Co> or =Mn(II)>Fe(II)>Pb(II) in all studied pH ranges due to the presence of many coordinating moieties present in it.
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PMID:A new chitosan biopolymer derivative as metal-complexing agent: synthesis, characterization, and metal(II) ion adsorption studies. 2070 30


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