Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A radioimmunoassay was developed to measure serum levels of the B isoenzyme of creatine kinase(ATP: creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) (CPK) in order to evaluate the time course and frequency of MB isoenzyme elevation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The method can identify as little as 0.2 ng of the B portion of the CPK-MB isoenzyme, does not significantly crossreact with CPK-MM isoenzyme, and is not affected by storage of serum at --20 degrees CPK isoenzyme containing B subunits was detected in 48 out of 51 sera from normal adults; serum levels in these individuals ranged between 1.2 and 12.5 ng/ml [mean +/- SEM was 2.7 +/- 0.30 ng/ml]. The mean serum level of CPK-B isoenzyme in a pool of sera obtained from 100 normal subjects was 2.9 +/- 0.35 ng/ml; two patients with rhabdomyolysis that were studied had serum CPK-B isoenzyme levels of 2.5 and 3.5 ng/ml, respectively. In contrast, serum levels of the CPK-B isoenzyme were markedly elevated in sera from 18 patients with acute myocardial infarcts when obtained within 12 hr after hospital admission; the mean +/- SEM concentration was 56 +/- 7.8 ng/ml. We performed serial determinations on 14 patients with acute myocardial infarcts and demonstrated that maximal serum CPK-B levels occurred within the first 12 hr after admission and were lower thereafter. The serum concentration of B-containing CPK isoenzyme in 19 additional patients admitted with chest pain but without acute myocardial infarction was 3.4 +/- 0.50 ng/ml. Thus, radioimmunoassay measurement of CPK-B isoenzyme appears to be a useful and sensitive test for the detection of acute myocardial infarcts in patients.
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PMID:Radioimmunoassay of creatine kinase-B isoenzyme in human sera: results in patients with acute myocardial infarction. 26 11

This study examines the significance of epicardial Q waves as a marker of myocardial cell necrosis. Ischaemia was produced in dogs by two methods: coronary artery occlusion sustained for 24 h (Group 1) and occlusion for 1 h followed by reperfusion (Group 2). Q waves did not appear until after 3 h of sustained occlusion, but were present within 40 min of reperfusion. In both groups, Q waves were not transient but persisted for at least 24 h. CPK levels were determined at 24 h in specimens from each lead site. In Group 1, Q sites had 66.6 +/- 5.9% (mean +/- SEM) less CPK than R wave sites (P less than 0.005). In Group 2, Q sites had only 28.2 +/- 4.5% less CPK than R sites. These results suggest that the extent of necrosis was greater at Q sites with sustained occlusion than with reperfusion. A similar relationship existed for the levels of ATP and CP determined at Q and R sites at 24 h. Histological examination by light and electron microscopy confirmed that in both groups, Q sites corresponded to areas of necrosis, while R sites indicated normal myocardium. However, the type of necrosis depended on the pathogenesis. Our results demonstrated that epicardial Q waves were a reliable marker of cell death, but that the morphological picture and extent of cell death depended on the mechanism and manner of injury. These conclusions were tested in a final series (Group 3) in which propranolol was given before and with release of the occlusion (0.5 mg.kg-1 at each time). In 47 sites at risk, in five dogs only two Q waves appeared. In each of these two, cell death was confirmed by evidence of CPK depletion and morphological alteration. In the remaining sites, no CPK depletion occurred. Histological examination revealed only infrequent small islands of subendocardial necrosis. The results confirm the validity of the epicardial electrocardiographic findings and illustrate the role of propranolol in preventing reperfusion necrosis.
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PMID:Significance of epicardial Q waves as an acute marker of myocardial necrosis in dogs. 69 89

The feasibility of maintaining long-term viability of human venous allografts by cryopreservation has been investigated. Segments of vein were obtained from 85 patients undergoing a stripping operation for varicose veins. The venous segments were immersed in a dimethylsulfoxide 15% solution, deep frozen at -196 degrees C in liquid nitrogen and preserved for a duration of 1 week to 24 months. Light microscopy (n = 126) failed to demonstrate striking differences between control veins and any of the cryopreserved veins. The types of damage observed at scanning electron microscopy included endothelial cell separation, endothelial cell loss, exposed basement membrane and exposed fibrillar collagen, which were graded on a scale. The score for short term (less than 3 weeks) stored veins was 8.1 +/- 0.9 (mean +/- SEM) and did not differ from the long-term (greater than 10 weeks) stored veins score (6.3 +/- 1.0, p NS). The tissue enzymes LDH, GOT, GPT, CPK were measured in the frozen vein groups (n = 115) after thawing to room temperature. Cryopreservation did not alter any of the tissue enzymes measured when compared to controls. Endothelial fibrinolytic activity (FA) of 58 venous segments cryopreserved for a mean duration of 20 months was 6136.4 +/- 292.1 Tissue Activator Units (TAU) and did not differ from FA of 11 controls (5989.1 +/- 696.8 TAU). Synthesis of 6-Keto-PGF1-alpha-2, a stable breakdown product of PGI2, measured in 10 venous segments cryopreserved for 10 months, was significantly higher than in 13 veins stored in saline for 12 hours at 4 degrees C (2.8 +/- 0.4 vs 0.4 +/- 0.1 PG ml-1mg-1min-1, respectively; p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Viability of long-term cryopreserved human saphenous veins. 232 91

Toward the development of biochemical probes for the assessment of sperm function we have measured the activities of sperm creatine-N-phosphotransferase (CPK). There was a highly significant inverse correlation (P less than 0.001 in all comparisons) between sperm CPK activities and sperm concentrations in specimens of normospermic and oligospermic men with greater than 30 million sperm/ml (0.106 +/- 0.01 SEM, N = 90, expressed as CPK U/100 million sperm), 20-30 million sperm/ml (0.333 +/- 0.07 SEM, N = 30) and 10-20 million sperm/ml (0.583 +/- 0.12 SEM, N = 30) when compared with the CPK values of the less than 10 million/ml specimens (2.242 +/- 0.46 SEM, N = 30). Furthermore, the distribution of CPK activities within these four groups showed that 96%, 67%, 43%, and 4% of the samples, respectively, were in the less than 0.250 CPK U/100 million sperm normal range (mean + 2 SD of the greater than 30 million sperm/ml group). However, there was no relationship between sperm CPK activities and the values of sperm motility (P greater than 0.15) or morphology (P = 0.38) in the samples. The migrated sperm fractions (significantly improved in motility and velocity parameters) showed CPK activities lower than the initial semen specimens (P less than 0.01, N = 150). In fact, in some oligospermic men the CPK activities of the migrated sperm fractions were within the range of normospermic samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Correlation between sperm creatine phosphokinase activity and sperm concentrations in normospermic and oligospermic men. 319 46

We have found a significant inverse correlation between sperm concentrations and sperm creatine N-phosphotransferase (CPK) activities in oligospermic and normospermic human specimens. In the present work, we carried out serial CPK determinations to assess whether there is a relationship between fluctuating sperm concentrations and sperm quality in consistently oligospermic and variablespermic (sperm concentrations are occasionally in the greater than 20 million/ml range) husbands of 65 couples (23 normospermic men/51 samples, 25 consistently oligospermic men/80 samples, and 17 variablespermic men/68 samples). The sperm CPK activities were significantly lower in the normospermic vs. the oligospermic or variablespermic groups (p less than 0.001), but there were no differences between the latter two (p greater than 0.25). The mean CPK values of migrated sperm fractions in both the oligospermic and variablespermic populations were improved (at least 20% decline in CPK values) compared to those of the initial specimens (1.27 +/- 0.38 vs. 0.68 +/- 0.37 and 0.77 +/- 0.32 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.24 SEM U/100 million sperm, respectively, p less than 0.001 in both pairs) and the incidence of the "failed-to-improve" samples was also similar in the two groups (44/36 vs. 45/23, p greater than 0.2). The lack of differences in the mean CPK activities, in the distribution of CPK values under and over 0.250 U/100 million sperm level, and in the ratio of migrated samples with improved or with failed-to-improve CPK activities suggests that sperm quality is not different between men who are consistently oligospermic and those who occasionally produce normospermic specimens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Sperm creatine phosphokinase activity as a measure of sperm quality in normospermic, variablespermic, and oligospermic men. 340 74

Since current data on vasopressin (AVP) secretion during the early phase of myocardial infarction is not extensive, plasma AVP was measured in 26 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Twelve had an increased AVP concentration (23.2 +/- 7.0 pg/ml; mean +/- SEM) whereas 14 had an AVP level less than 3 pg/ml (1.96 +/- 0.14 pg/ml). The patients with AVP greater than 3 pg/ml had higher heart rate and plasma osmolality than those with AVP less than 3 pg/ml. Blood pressure values were the same in both groups of patients. There was no difference in peak CPK and iso CPK activities between the two groups. Seven patients with AVP greater than 3 pg/ml died within the next few days, while only 1 patient with AVP less than pg/ml died. It thus appears that increased AVP concentration during acute myocardial infarction is associated with a poor prognosis. Whether it is a cause or a consequence of an unfavourable course of myocardial infarction remains to be determined.
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PMID:[Vasopressin in acute myocardial infarct: clinical implications]. 381 98

The clinical significance of serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) isozymes was studied in 18 patients with polymyositis. Abnormally high levels of mitochondrial GOT (mGOT) (6.2 +/- 1.2 IU/L, mean +/- SEM; normal, less than 2.0 IU/L) and cytosol GOT (sGOT) (95 +/- 21.6 IU/L; normal, less than 25 IU/L) were observed in sera. In polymyositic muscles, the sGOT level was significantly decreased but mGOT was not. The levels of serum sGOT and mGOT and the ratio of mGOT/tGOT before corticosteroid therapy correlated well with the severity of muscle weakness. Serial determination of CPK, sGOT, and mGOT during corticosteroid therapy revealed that mGOT most rapidly returned to normal. Exercise did not increase serum mGOT in polymyositis.
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PMID:Serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in patients with polymyositis. 683 Jan 52

Pulsatile perfusion has been reported to be of value in intraoperative myocardial protection. To evaluate this technique, we studied 26 patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting. Ejection fraction determinations from multigated cardiac blood pool scans, serial hemodynamic monitoring, and total CPK and MB-CPK sampling were performed early (4, 6 and 8 hours after bypass) and 10 days after operation. In 12 patients, pulsatile perfusion was started immediately after aortic cannulation and continued until 10 minutes after cessation of bypass; 14 patients had standard nonpulsatile perfusion. All patients had a single aortic cross-clamping and potassium cardioplegia. Cross-clamp time (46 +/- 3 and 46 +/- 3 minutes [+/- SEM]), total bypass time (94 +/- 4 and 89 +/- 6 minutes), and mean perfusion pressure (82 +/- 5 and 83 +/- 3 mm Hg) were comparable in the pulsatile and nonpulsatile groups, respectively, as were extent of coronary disease and number of bypass grafts. Preoperative and postoperative ejection fractions for pulsatile and nonpulsatile groups, respectively, were 0.57 +/- 0.03 and 0.55 +/- 0.04 before operation, 0.37 +/- 0.03 and 0.40 +/- 0.04 4 hours after bypass, 0.40 +/- 0.03 and 0.46 +/- 0.04 at 6 hours, 0.51 +/- 0.05 and 0.52 +/- 0.07 at 8 hours and 0.56 +/- 0.05 and 0.53 +/- 0.04) 10 days after operation. Mean arterial pressure, left atrial pressure and serial cardiac indexes were similar in both groups. There were no perioperative myocardial infarctions by ECG in either group. Total CPK (586 +/- 78 and 617 +/- 140 IU/l) and peak MB-CPK (73 +/0 14 and 61 +/- 11 IU/l) were comparable in the pulsatile and nonpulsatile groups, respectively. Pulsatile perfusion offers no advantage in myocardial preservation after aortocoronary bypass grafting in patients with normal left ventricular function.
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PMID:The effect of pulsatile perfusion on preservation of left ventricular function after aortocoronary bypass grafting. 697 26

In order to evaluate the left ventricular performance during exercise in patients with myocardial infarction, we performed a symptom-limited multistage exercise test using a bicycle ergometer in the supine position on 82 patients with myocardial infarction, and their hemodynamic responses to exercise were analyzed. Patients were subdivided into three groups according to the levels of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and cardiac index (CI) obtained at the end-point of the exercise: Group I (20 patients) with PCWP less than 18 mmHg and CI greater than or equal to 5.0 L/min/m2; Group II (32 patients) with PCWP greater than or equal to 18 mmHg and CI greater than or equal to 5.0 L/min/m2; Group III (30 patients) with PCWP greater than or equal to 18 mmHg and CI less than 5.0 L/min/m2. Exercise tolerance expressed as the duration of exercise was 11.9 +/- 0.5 (SEM) min in Group I, 10.6 +/- 0.4 in Group II and 7.8 +/- 0.5 in Group III, which was closely correlated with the left ventricular function observed at the end-point of the exercise. During exercise stroke volume index (SVI) decreased slightly in Group III, while it increased significantly in Groups I and II. The extent of coronary artery lesion in Group III was more severe than in Groups I and II. In 50 patients without prior myocardial infarction, infarct size estimated by total released CPK was larger in Group III than in Group I. These findings indicate that coronary artery lesion and infarct size are important factors contributing to left ventricular performance during exercise in patients with myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of left ventricular performance in patients with myocardial infarction: comparison of hemodynamic responses to exercise and angiographic findings. 714 99