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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been proposed to serve as a satiety signal in animals and humans. To further explore the role of CCK in humans, the effect on satiety and eating behavior of a specific CCK-receptor antagonist, loxiglumide, that preferentially inhibits peripheral (CCK-A) receptors was investigated. In a randomized, blind, four-period latin square design, 10 subjects received intravenous saline (placebo) or loxiglumide (10 mg/kg per hour) with concomitant intrajejunal perfusions of isotonic saline or fat (containing 50% corn oil and 3% albumin). Food intake and plasma CCK concentrations were assessed, and subjects scored their feelings of hunger and fullness in paired experiments. In placebo-treated subjects, the duration of the meal was shorter during fat perfusion (30 +/- 2 minutes vs. 35 +/- 2 minutes; P less than 0.01; mean +/- SEM). The amount of food intake was reduced (361 +/- 31 g vs. 454 +/- 35 g; P less than 0.05), and fluid ingestion was inhibited (490 +/- 31 mL vs. 625 +/- 38 mL; P less than 0.01). Loxiglumide did not affect any parameter and did not change the pattern of responses. In loxiglumide-treated subjects there was a 4-5-fold elevation in plasma CCK levels. These results confirm that jejunal infusion of lipid reduces the size of the meal and stimulates early satiety. The data imply that these effects are not mediated through peripheral endogenous CCK under these conditions.
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PMID:Role of circulating cholecystokinin in control of fat-induced inhibition of food intake in humans. 156 92

Satiation, the process that brings eating to an end, and satiety, the state of inhibition over further eating, may be influenced by cholecystokinin (CCK). In animal and human studies, it has been shown that infusion of exogenous CCK decreases food intake, but the doses given may well have led to supraphysiological plasma concentrations. This study was done to discover if a low dose of intraduodenal fat releasing physiological amounts of endogenous cholecystokinin exerts satiation or satiety effects, or both and if these effects could be inhibited by the CCK receptor antagonist loxiglumide. In 10 healthy lean volunteers (5 F, 5 M, mean age 26) three tests were performed in a randomised blind fashion. Intralipid 20% (6 g/h) (experiments A and C) or saline (experiment B) were given intraduodenally from 1030 until 1300. The subjects received saline (experiments A and B) or loxiglumide (experiment C) a specific CCK-receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg/h) intravenously from 0930 until 1300. At 1200 a meal was served. At regular time intervals hunger feelings were measured using visual analogue scales and food selection lists and plasma CCK was measured by radioimmunoassay. Food intake (mean (SEM)) during intraduodenal fat (206(35)g) was lower than in the control study (269(37)g, p = 0.09). Loxiglumide largely prevented the inhibitory effect of intraduodenal fat on food intake (245(30)g). From 1030 until the meal at 1200 there was a significant satiating effect of intraduodenal fat compared with the control and loxiglumide experiments according to the food selection lists, which was because of the satiating effect for the fat rich items (p<0.05). Also feelings of fullness were significantly higher during intraduodenal fat than in the control or loxiglumide experiments (p<0.05). During intraduodenal fat there was a significant increase of plasma CCK from 2.4(0.3) to 4.8(0.4) pM (p<0.001). Loxiglumide led to an exaggerated CCK release to a peak concentration of 16(2.4) pM before the meal. This study shows that in humans low dose intraduodenal fat increases satiety and satiation, mainly through the effect of CCK.
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PMID:Effect of a low dose of intraduodenal fat on satiety in humans: studies using the type A cholecystokinin receptor antagonist loxiglumide. 817 88